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Population, total | 3,595,175.0 | 4,329,340.0 | 6,346,990.0 | 6,472,469.0 | 6,323,060.0 | 6,160,128.0 | 5,984,119.0 | 5,794,594.0 | 5,702,398.0 | 5,718,122.0 | 5,744,489.0 | 5,773,493.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.0 | 1.7 | 10.0 | 2.0 | -2.3 | -2.6 | -2.9 | -3.2 | -1.6 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 10,450.0 | 10,450.0 | 10,450.0 | 10,450.0 | 10,450.0 | 10,450.0 | 10,450.0 | 10,450.0 | 10,450.0 | 10,450.0 | 10,450.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 351.4 | 423.2 | 620.4 | 632.7 | 618.1 | 602.2 | 585.0 | 566.4 | 557.4 | 559.0 | 561.5 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 3,663,390,833.0 | 17,687,455,884.3 | 47,208,007,733.2 | 47,635,097,529.8 | 48,501,677,331.6 | 50,877,786,449.8 | 52,067,138,709.6 | 50,003,837,286.8 | 36,233,963,035.9 | 27,271,479,556.1 | 23,928,868,523.4 | .. | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,020.0 | 4,090.0 | 7,440.0 | 7,360.0 | 7,670.0 | 8,260.0 | 8,700.0 | 8,630.0 | 6,350.0 | 4,770.0 | 4,170.0 | .. | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 13,107,734,472.2 | 35,005,237,231.7 | 101,209,930,369.2 | 109,205,391,742.5 | 117,847,615,338.5 | 128,630,325,525.2 | 128,897,709,470.9 | 122,762,945,887.8 | 89,752,695,886.4 | 60,901,770,631.8 | 67,811,449,433.3 | .. | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 3,650.0 | 8,090.0 | 15,950.0 | 16,870.0 | 18,640.0 | 20,880.0 | 21,540.0 | 21,190.0 | 15,740.0 | 10,650.0 | 11,800.0 | .. | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 64.5 | 73.9 | 79.0 | 79.2 | 79.5 | 79.7 | 79.7 | 79.2 | 77.8 | 75.0 | 74.4 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.3 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 48.7 | 25.3 | 22.7 | 22.7 | 22.8 | 22.6 | 22.3 | 22.0 | 21.8 | 21.4 | 21.1 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 62.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 99.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 31.9 | 19.8 | 12.5 | 12.7 | 13.0 | 13.4 | 14.0 | 14.7 | 15.5 | 16.4 | 17.4 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 3.4 | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 61.0 | 71.0 | 82.0 | 82.0 | 81.0 | 81.0 | 81.0 | 81.0 | 74.0 | 67.0 | 67.0 | 73.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 68.3 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 79.8 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 64.7 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 1,397.0 | 1,381.8 | 1,397.3 | 1,403.3 | 1,409.3 | 1,415.3 | 1,421.3 | 1,427.3 | 1,433.3 | 1,439.3 | 1,445.3 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.8 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 24.6 | 26.4 | 36.3 | 37.8 | 37.8 | 37.8 | 37.8 | 37.8 | 37.8 | 37.8 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.4 | 1.9 | 10.2 | 2.1 | -2.2 | -2.4 | -2.7 | -3.0 | -1.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 543.5 | 1,133.4 | 1,180.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 389.4 | 2,231.1 | 2,553.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 2,838,485,354.0 | 17,260,364,842.5 | 48,095,213,746.6 | 49,929,337,836.8 | 51,147,308,774.1 | 53,027,680,685.9 | 54,901,519,155.6 | 51,605,959,131.3 | 31,712,128,253.8 | 23,131,941,556.8 | 20,992,421,948.8 | .. | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 26.5 | 1.3 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 1.6 | 0.9 | -1.9 | -6.9 | -21.4 | -7.0 | -0.6 | .. | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 15.5 | -2.1 | 0.1 | 3.3 | 0.9 | 2.7 | 5.5 | 4.1 | 85.5 | 150.0 | 112.1 | .. | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | .. | 6.2 | 4.0 | 3.3 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 1.4 | 1.2 | .. | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | 20.0 | 16.2 | 15.7 | 16.0 | 14.9 | 13.8 | 12.5 | 6.6 | 2.8 | 2.4 | .. | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 18.0 | 14.2 | 23.8 | 23.1 | 21.7 | 21.9 | 20.8 | 20.7 | 16.4 | 26.0 | 34.8 | .. | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 99.9 | 35.9 | 56.1 | 48.7 | 46.0 | 46.5 | 47.5 | 42.3 | 33.8 | 52.8 | 80.1 | .. | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 31.3 | 20.4 | 25.0 | 22.2 | 23.1 | 21.8 | 22.5 | 12.3 | 8.1 | 5.4 | 1.2 | .. | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | 16.0 | 19.9 | 17.1 | 17.7 | 20.0 | 19.3 | 19.3 | 11.6 | 6.9 | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | 11.9 | 14.1 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 15.4 | 15.3 | 15.4 | 8.9 | 5.7 | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 7.6 | 5.4 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 5.1 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 4.2 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 8.9 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 17.2 | 69.9 | 72.8 | 68.3 | 72.0 | 74.3 | 73.3 | 75.7 | 76.7 | .. | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 2.4 | 3.9 | 5.1 | 2.2 | 15.1 | 4.3 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 106.4 | 40.2 | 55.4 | 46.0 | 45.6 | 45.1 | 44.1 | 47.4 | 48.7 | 77.8 | 114.2 | 110.9 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 96.8 | 94.2 | 100.0 | 106.1 | 104.5 | 102.4 | 105.8 | 114.7 | 103.8 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 1,787,046,993.9 | 10,075,046,219.9 | 64,454,510,032.8 | 68,219,052,512.0 | 69,509,159,841.8 | 74,165,438,618.9 | 79,650,131,632.7 | 73,893,126,216.7 | 68,874,327,201.2 | 66,900,293,415.1 | 67,080,050,897.0 | 66,296,461,062.8 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | 56.9 | 58.7 | 65.5 | 70.1 | 72.6 | 80.3 | 106.6 | 62.5 | 28.7 | 34.5 | |
Net migration | -6,595.0 | 455.0 | 301,111.0 | -239,829.0 | -247,921.0 | -253,664.0 | -259,700.0 | -266,992.0 | -47,787.0 | -27,290.0 | -27,507.0 | -34,193.0 | |
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