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Population, total | 8,910,808.0 | 12,118,841.0 | 15,210,817.0 | 15,417,523.0 | 15,624,584.0 | 15,830,689.0 | 16,025,238.0 | 16,207,746.0 | 16,396,860.0 | 16,589,023.0 | 16,767,842.0 | 16,944,826.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 3.9 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 181,040.0 | 181,040.0 | 181,040.0 | 181,040.0 | 181,040.0 | 181,040.0 | 181,040.0 | 181,040.0 | 181,040.0 | 181,040.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 50.5 | 68.7 | 86.2 | 87.3 | 88.5 | 89.7 | 90.8 | 91.8 | 92.9 | 94.0 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,218,159,968.1 | 3,657,595,026.6 | 15,519,758,890.7 | 16,563,942,899.2 | 18,078,663,604.8 | 19,964,016,384.9 | 22,796,925,306.1 | 25,211,727,180.7 | 25,138,725,039.4 | 26,266,782,635.9 | 28,373,434,132.6 | 30,702,271,682.4 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 140.0 | 300.0 | 1,020.0 | 1,070.0 | 1,160.0 | 1,260.0 | 1,420.0 | 1,560.0 | 1,530.0 | 1,580.0 | 1,690.0 | 1,810.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 6,764,005,228.3 | 12,629,309,577.0 | 45,365,351,355.6 | 48,865,317,115.5 | 53,761,791,721.1 | 58,169,659,392.6 | 64,110,656,866.6 | 70,571,793,149.9 | 70,867,363,071.8 | 73,412,513,745.5 | 82,653,563,630.1 | 92,440,508,842.0 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 760.0 | 1,040.0 | 2,980.0 | 3,170.0 | 3,440.0 | 3,670.0 | 4,000.0 | 4,350.0 | 4,320.0 | 4,430.0 | 4,930.0 | 5,460.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 55.4 | 58.6 | 69.7 | 69.9 | 70.2 | 70.5 | 70.6 | 70.7 | 70.4 | 69.6 | 69.9 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 5.6 | 3.8 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 82.9 | 54.4 | 52.1 | 50.0 | 48.6 | 48.1 | 47.8 | 46.9 | 46.3 | 45.5 | 45.7 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 23.8 | 56.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 31.8 | 89.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 98.7 | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 116.1 | 105.9 | 33.3 | 31.6 | 30.1 | 28.8 | 27.5 | 26.5 | 25.5 | 24.6 | 23.7 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 39.7 | 24.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 16.3 | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 34.0 | 65.0 | 83.0 | 85.0 | 85.0 | 86.0 | 87.0 | 87.0 | 83.0 | 83.0 | 83.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | .. | 94.0 | 92.2 | 89.5 | 88.4 | 88.4 | 92.0 | 94.9 | 94.7 | 90.7 | 89.9 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 90.8 | 110.8 | 114.6 | 116.1 | 111.1 | 110.5 | 111.6 | 111.5 | 111.0 | 108.7 | 110.0 | 111.4 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 19.1 | .. | .. | .. | 49.2 | 51.4 | 52.3 | 54.8 | 58.0 | 58.7 | 60.1 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 0.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 110,047.9 | 107,810.0 | 91,953.0 | 88,468.2 | 86,911.3 | 85,354.4 | 83,797.5 | 82,240.6 | 80,683.7 | 79,126.8 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 20.6 | 20.6 | 20.6 | 20.6 | 31.8 | 31.8 | 31.8 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 6.1 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | .. | 281.6 | 418.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | .. | 32.8 | 272.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 1,402,541,176.5 | 3,654,031,716.4 | 16,702,610,842.4 | 18,049,954,289.5 | 20,016,747,857.6 | 22,177,200,588.2 | 24,571,753,583.4 | 27,089,390,032.8 | 25,872,797,891.8 | 26,961,061,151.7 | 29,504,829,319.3 | 31,772,759,998.9 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 1.2 | 10.0 | 7.1 | 7.0 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.5 | 7.1 | -3.1 | 3.0 | 5.2 | 5.4 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 145.6 | -4.3 | 2.6 | 1.8 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 3.2 | -0.7 | 1.3 | 4.1 | 2.4 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | .. | 35.9 | 28.9 | 26.6 | 24.7 | 23.4 | 22.0 | 20.7 | 22.7 | 22.8 | 22.2 | 21.5 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | 21.9 | 25.6 | 27.7 | 29.5 | 30.8 | 32.3 | 34.2 | 34.6 | 36.8 | 37.9 | 38.5 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | 49.8 | 62.6 | 61.7 | 61.3 | 60.7 | 61.6 | 61.1 | 62.4 | 66.8 | 68.3 | 73.1 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | 61.8 | 67.0 | 66.1 | 65.7 | 64.1 | 63.3 | 62.5 | 61.6 | 62.4 | 54.9 | 40.4 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | .. | 17.5 | 22.1 | 22.5 | 22.7 | 22.9 | 23.4 | 24.2 | 24.9 | 23.7 | 22.7 | 16.0 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 16.6 | 16.6 | 17.4 | 18.6 | 19.9 | 22.8 | 19.9 | 18.1 | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 101.0 | 87.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.8 | 15.8 | 17.1 | 19.7 | 17.9 | 16.4 | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.1 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 1.1 | 134.5 | 135.2 | 127.5 | 117.3 | 121.2 | 132.2 | 128.6 | 120.0 | 116.3 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 0.5 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 6.6 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 17.8 | 91.1 | 105.0 | 120.8 | 112.1 | 115.3 | 122.9 | 129.6 | 142.4 | 177.6 | 177.2 | 150.6 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 133.7 | 92.2 | 100.0 | 102.1 | 97.8 | 92.6 | 94.8 | 99.5 | 88.3 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 264,873,693.3 | 2,108,290,127.2 | 8,320,161,444.1 | 9,438,769,397.9 | 10,063,760,399.9 | 11,434,259,074.2 | 13,548,715,757.7 | 15,362,550,605.3 | 17,593,817,433.3 | 20,050,196,516.8 | 22,470,886,966.3 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | 0.7 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 7.4 | 10.6 | 9.7 | .. | |
Net migration | 56,166.0 | -4,248.0 | -48,942.0 | -52,272.0 | -40,577.0 | -45,720.0 | -51,685.0 | -55,607.0 | -22,308.0 | -24,262.0 | -29,998.0 | -29,998.0 | |
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