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| Population, total | 58,380,092.0 | 66,418,659.0 | 82,619,362.0 | 83,812,228.0 | 85,026,754.0 | 86,117,998.0 | 87,051,648.0 | 87,723,443.0 | 88,455,488.0 | 89,524,246.0 | 90,608,707.0 | 91,567,738.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.9 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 35.8 | 40.8 | 50.7 | 51.5 | 52.4 | 53.1 | 53.7 | 54.1 | 54.5 | 55.2 | 55.8 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | 21.6 | .. | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 3.7 | 2.8 | 2.5 | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 142,994,596,978.1 | 116,010,632,487.0 | 450,903,427,804.2 | 463,497,058,138.2 | 479,250,736,966.6 | 464,262,455,097.2 | 409,602,832,091.5 | 349,023,967,799.0 | 363,513,868,331.6 | 393,298,446,872.4 | 459,827,130,384.5 | 469,378,495,890.2 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,450.0 | 1,750.0 | 5,460.0 | 5,530.0 | 5,640.0 | 5,390.0 | 4,710.0 | 3,980.0 | 4,110.0 | 4,390.0 | 5,070.0 | 5,130.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 441,529,676,746.2 | 744,212,177,596.5 | 1,180,114,697,799.3 | 1,274,483,267,107.3 | 1,339,181,329,638.2 | 1,326,043,865,787.8 | 1,213,902,472,139.5 | 1,326,609,118,428.5 | 1,404,692,150,403.6 | 1,567,520,703,123.2 | 1,710,699,581,832.9 | 1,815,182,211,469.5 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 7,560.0 | 11,200.0 | 14,280.0 | 15,210.0 | 15,750.0 | 15,400.0 | 13,940.0 | 15,120.0 | 15,880.0 | 17,510.0 | 18,880.0 | 19,820.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | 5.2 | .. | 7.2 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 7.0 | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 64.1 | 70.2 | 75.9 | 76.2 | 76.4 | 76.6 | 76.9 | 74.1 | 73.8 | 76.8 | 77.7 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.9 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 87.7 | 36.9 | 37.4 | 36.2 | 35.1 | 33.0 | 29.4 | 27.0 | 26.4 | 26.3 | 26.2 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 73.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 89.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 57.6 | 36.3 | 15.5 | 15.0 | 14.5 | 13.9 | 13.5 | 13.0 | 12.6 | 12.2 | 11.8 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 4.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 85.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 83.9 | 88.9 | 95.6 | 96.5 | 94.4 | .. | 95.1 | 96.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 102.7 | 97.8 | 104.1 | 105.8 | 105.4 | .. | 105.5 | 104.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 55.9 | 75.0 | 82.7 | 83.3 | 82.8 | .. | .. | 85.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 90,760.6 | 93,256.6 | 106,919.8 | 107,020.0 | 107,110.0 | 107,270.0 | 107,430.0 | 107,520.0 | 107,660.0 | 107,760.0 | 107,883.9 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 6.5 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 51.3 | 68.9 | 72.3 | 72.3 | 72.3 | 72.3 | 72.3 | 72.3 | 72.3 | 72.3 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.9 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.5 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 1,187.5 | 1,852.2 | 2,736.7 | 2,860.6 | 3,028.2 | 2,911.1 | 3,188.8 | 3,252.6 | 3,336.2 | 3,266.1 | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 908.4 | 1,528.2 | 2,861.3 | 3,020.0 | 3,178.8 | 3,171.0 | 3,299.8 | 3,445.7 | 3,589.0 | 3,664.3 | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 124,813,263,926.2 | 109,591,707,802.2 | 409,191,686,496.7 | 478,618,064,871.0 | 510,239,893,417.6 | 411,903,303,606.0 | 347,988,400,958.0 | 280,934,329,279.7 | 407,350,685,583.3 | 422,662,261,525.7 | 457,510,482,317.5 | 475,252,089,215.4 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 13.6 | 5.8 | -1.4 | 8.8 | 3.0 | -3.7 | -2.4 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 5.3 | 3.7 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 22.8 | 24.9 | 0.2 | 14.1 | 12.8 | 32.9 | 30.9 | 46.6 | 55.9 | 51.1 | 37.3 | 28.4 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 12.5 | 9.1 | 10.1 | 8.4 | 8.5 | 9.6 | 11.8 | 11.7 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 10.8 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 32.8 | 40.3 | 32.2 | 34.3 | 36.1 | 37.1 | 33.4 | 37.2 | 39.2 | 41.2 | 38.8 | 36.1 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 13.3 | 21.5 | 18.7 | 20.3 | 21.8 | 29.6 | 22.3 | 18.4 | 22.0 | 25.6 | 23.9 | 23.6 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 23.8 | 19.8 | 20.7 | 19.6 | 21.3 | 27.0 | 26.3 | 25.5 | 20.7 | 23.4 | 25.5 | 28.5 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 33.0 | 35.1 | 32.0 | 33.9 | 35.3 | 36.2 | 40.2 | 47.9 | 41.5 | 40.7 | 43.8 | 44.3 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.9 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.0 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 1.4 | 89.8 | 96.1 | 102.4 | 103.0 | 135.6 | 145.5 | 153.6 | 162.7 | 166.3 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.8 | .. | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 31.7 | 38.9 | 28.2 | 24.2 | 27.9 | 37.1 | 30.9 | 30.5 | 29.6 | 37.1 | 35.7 | 38.3 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 68.9 | 100.0 | 91.4 | 102.9 | 116.9 | 110.5 | 96.6 | 108.4 | 131.8 | 109.0 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 9,026,182,538.2 | 8,800,053,478.5 | 6,455,859,301.0 | 6,058,410,415.5 | 6,819,093,933.4 | 5,773,699,803.6 | 4,855,393,068.1 | 5,433,188,395.8 | 10,348,874,166.9 | 9,459,955,524.4 | 9,900,872,535.1 | 9,654,298,895.5 | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 3.2 | 9.9 | 0.9 | 2.4 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Net migration | 200,711.0 | 300,133.0 | -46,239.0 | 66,630.0 | 34,849.0 | -27,946.0 | -32,794.0 | -180,680.0 | 334,967.0 | 403,190.0 | 262,044.0 | 190,156.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | .. | 536,000,000.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
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