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| Population, total | 580,942,221.0 | 742,755,753.0 | 1,026,805,224.0 | 1,049,402,114.0 | 1,073,442,780.0 | 1,098,416,162.0 | 1,123,983,941.0 | 1,150,416,080.0 | 1,177,588,680.0 | 1,205,099,007.0 | 1,232,413,083.0 | 1,260,149,293.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 21,135,921.0 | 21,128,998.0 | 21,180,604.0 | 21,180,661.5 | 21,180,649.9 | 21,180,991.3 | 21,180,586.4 | 21,180,579.1 | 21,180,538.9 | 21,180,537.9 | .. | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 28.9 | 36.3 | 49.6 | 50.7 | 51.8 | 53.1 | 54.3 | 55.6 | 56.9 | 58.2 | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 230,625,638,652.4 | 264,851,947,058.6 | 1,057,770,075,545.1 | 1,086,759,131,792.4 | 1,120,267,535,359.8 | 1,182,524,002,352.1 | 1,310,317,793,707.9 | 1,403,009,085,609.7 | 1,412,833,949,712.8 | 1,524,934,258,568.1 | 1,659,507,922,140.9 | 1,744,193,119,100.9 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 397.0 | 356.6 | 1,030.2 | 1,035.6 | 1,043.6 | 1,076.6 | 1,165.8 | 1,219.6 | 1,199.8 | 1,265.4 | 1,346.6 | 1,384.1 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 581,165,513,484.1 | 999,738,972,588.6 | 2,914,468,616,302.4 | 3,082,830,832,913.2 | 3,308,520,009,977.9 | 3,515,429,474,756.2 | 3,842,335,447,757.0 | 4,166,041,555,113.5 | 4,324,702,484,602.5 | 4,697,522,549,656.3 | 5,243,037,480,606.8 | 5,666,339,137,629.6 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,000.4 | 1,346.0 | 2,838.4 | 2,937.7 | 3,082.2 | 3,200.5 | 3,418.5 | 3,621.3 | 3,672.5 | 3,898.0 | 4,254.3 | 4,496.6 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 52.7 | 57.1 | 63.6 | 64.0 | 64.5 | 64.9 | 65.3 | 65.6 | 65.1 | 64.7 | 65.4 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 5.8 | 5.0 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 133.1 | 121.9 | 97.9 | 96.1 | 94.7 | 92.5 | 91.6 | 90.9 | 89.8 | 88.8 | 87.5 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 19.2 | 29.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 41.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 33.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 67.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 164.3 | 126.9 | 72.5 | 70.3 | 67.9 | 66.0 | 64.0 | 62.0 | 60.1 | 58.4 | 56.8 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 56.7 | 61.0 | 76.1 | 76.1 | 75.8 | 76.9 | 77.0 | 77.0 | 75.5 | 72.3 | 73.5 | .. | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 46.3 | 51.1 | 70.3 | 70.7 | 71.6 | 72.5 | 73.6 | 73.6 | 74.1 | 74.6 | 73.6 | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 68.9 | 79.3 | 101.2 | 100.3 | 100.7 | 101.3 | 102.3 | 103.2 | 103.7 | 103.0 | 102.9 | 103.4 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 23.1 | 31.2 | 46.0 | 46.5 | 47.7 | 47.7 | 48.6 | 48.7 | 49.1 | 49.2 | 48.8 | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 1.5 | 2.3 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | .. | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 6,061,465.7 | 5,758,448.2 | 5,329,163.4 | 5,293,491.1 | 5,257,705.5 | 5,222,736.4 | 5,187,970.7 | 5,152,489.7 | 5,117,405.6 | 5,082,056.9 | .. | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 12.5 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.2 | .. | .. | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.2 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 338.6 | 334.5 | 383.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 172.8 | 181.1 | 278.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 232,816,355,943.8 | 291,557,552,376.8 | 1,097,548,704,598.0 | 1,093,640,032,209.1 | 1,156,608,800,300.9 | 1,247,733,925,328.5 | 1,327,890,357,838.7 | 1,397,670,771,531.0 | 1,414,559,582,470.6 | 1,535,389,926,749.6 | 1,651,361,994,353.6 | 1,786,070,910,237.1 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 1.1 | 4.1 | 5.4 | 3.1 | 4.4 | 5.3 | 4.8 | 5.0 | -0.2 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 4.0 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 11.9 | 6.7 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 4.9 | 8.2 | 6.5 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 36.1 | 25.7 | 20.8 | 20.6 | 19.7 | 19.4 | 18.8 | 18.6 | 19.3 | 18.6 | 18.2 | 18.1 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 21.4 | 22.9 | 26.1 | 25.4 | 26.5 | 27.4 | 28.7 | 28.2 | 28.2 | 28.6 | 29.3 | 28.2 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 15.8 | 24.4 | 23.5 | 21.4 | 19.9 | 21.1 | 21.4 | 21.2 | 18.6 | 20.5 | 22.4 | 21.4 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 23.7 | 31.0 | 35.1 | 33.3 | 30.2 | 30.5 | 32.2 | 30.9 | 27.6 | 30.5 | 34.0 | 29.9 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 16.0 | 21.8 | 27.1 | 27.2 | 28.4 | 29.1 | 29.8 | 29.5 | 28.5 | 29.3 | 29.5 | 27.1 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 13.6 | 13.3 | 12.7 | 13.0 | 12.5 | 13.2 | 12.2 | 12.7 | .. | .. | |
| Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 24.3 | 24.8 | 24.3 | 23.7 | 23.8 | 23.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 10.5 | 10.7 | 10.4 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 11.0 | 10.4 | 10.8 | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.4 | 2.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | .. | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.4 | 66.8 | 70.9 | 71.5 | 72.9 | 75.9 | 78.9 | 80.8 | 82.9 | 84.5 | 86.0 | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | 4.1 | 5.3 | 3.7 | .. | 3.5 | .. | 2.5 | .. | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 26.6 | 40.0 | 46.2 | 43.5 | 39.7 | 41.5 | 43.3 | 41.0 | 38.0 | 43.9 | 45.7 | 40.4 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 158,320,556,469.4 | 178,286,416,174.2 | 375,908,362,096.2 | 404,772,526,818.8 | 431,664,007,955.5 | 483,623,299,338.8 | 517,119,208,677.4 | 553,699,844,392.0 | 617,026,459,474.4 | 673,173,333,109.7 | 690,416,225,026.7 | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 22.8 | 11.5 | 10.1 | 9.2 | 11.3 | 12.2 | 12.8 | 16.1 | 13.5 | 15.2 | 12.6 | .. | |
| Net migration | -1,943,903.0 | -2,601,492.0 | -2,950,879.0 | -2,461,187.0 | -913,252.0 | -1,485,606.0 | -793,991.0 | -738,815.0 | 205,321.0 | -520,309.0 | -411,152.0 | -383,463.0 | |
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