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| Population, total | 10,473,673.0 | 12,689,206.0 | 16,266,225.0 | 16,505,139.0 | 16,759,519.0 | 17,049,547.0 | 17,340,021.0 | 17,546,065.0 | 17,682,454.0 | 17,823,897.0 | 17,980,083.0 | 18,135,478.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.2 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 283,560.0 | 256,370.0 | 256,370.0 | 256,370.0 | 256,370.0 | 256,370.0 | 256,370.0 | 256,370.0 | 256,370.0 | 256,370.0 | 256,370.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 37.8 | 51.1 | 65.5 | 66.5 | 67.5 | 68.6 | 69.8 | 70.6 | 71.2 | 71.8 | 72.4 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | 64.4 | 23.3 | 22.9 | 21.5 | 23.2 | 25.0 | 33.0 | 27.7 | 25.2 | 26.0 | 28.0 | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 34.1 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 8.4 | 5.3 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 7.3 | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 14,025,768,045.6 | 19,065,970,014.8 | 97,078,893,908.6 | 94,956,077,961.1 | 99,440,973,511.4 | 104,357,048,866.1 | 105,770,793,676.9 | 94,880,661,670.0 | 107,786,224,707.6 | 116,763,896,937.3 | 118,413,969,707.1 | 116,591,070,593.4 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,340.0 | 1,500.0 | 5,970.0 | 5,750.0 | 5,930.0 | 6,120.0 | 6,100.0 | 5,410.0 | 6,100.0 | 6,550.0 | 6,590.0 | 6,430.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 44,482,683,351.4 | 66,911,195,184.6 | 173,824,904,854.9 | 176,153,185,406.3 | 193,171,305,349.3 | 202,233,955,127.7 | 211,309,826,566.5 | 195,228,797,203.8 | 234,983,718,554.8 | 266,417,984,502.5 | 279,563,431,695.1 | 279,582,846,401.9 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 4,250.0 | 5,270.0 | 10,690.0 | 10,670.0 | 11,530.0 | 11,860.0 | 12,190.0 | 11,130.0 | 13,290.0 | 14,950.0 | 15,550.0 | 15,420.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 3.1 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.3 | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 68.4 | 72.1 | 76.2 | 76.1 | 76.2 | 77.2 | 77.3 | 72.0 | 72.7 | 76.6 | 77.4 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.7 | 3.1 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 91.9 | 89.9 | 79.4 | 74.6 | 73.9 | 72.5 | 68.0 | 62.6 | 58.6 | 57.0 | 55.5 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 77.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 70.9 | 94.2 | 94.1 | 95.6 | 95.9 | 97.2 | 99.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 53.9 | 29.6 | 15.3 | 14.8 | 14.4 | 14.1 | 13.8 | 13.6 | 13.4 | 13.2 | 13.1 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 4.3 | 4.9 | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 60.0 | 99.0 | 84.0 | 86.0 | 81.0 | 83.0 | 83.0 | 81.0 | 65.0 | 74.0 | 74.0 | 74.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 94.2 | 99.3 | 96.7 | 98.9 | 98.4 | 95.8 | 95.4 | 93.9 | 99.5 | 100.2 | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | .. | 107.4 | 101.1 | 99.0 | 98.2 | 98.9 | 98.3 | 98.1 | 98.2 | 99.6 | 97.2 | .. | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 56.0 | 100.8 | 98.1 | 96.2 | 95.0 | 93.8 | 94.0 | 94.6 | 94.1 | 92.8 | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 146,322.1 | 137,305.0 | 128,191.8 | 127,549.1 | 126,906.4 | 126,263.7 | 125,621.0 | 124,978.3 | 124,335.6 | 123,692.9 | 123,050.2 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 14.4 | 14.4 | 14.4 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.1 | 15.3 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.1 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.6 | 2.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 604.4 | 638.8 | 936.7 | 885.6 | 897.9 | 869.6 | 904.0 | 785.4 | 886.1 | 904.7 | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 469.6 | 637.8 | 1,418.4 | 1,423.4 | 1,451.3 | 1,484.6 | 1,510.1 | 1,467.1 | 1,550.0 | 1,589.3 | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 15,239,272,611.6 | 17,539,454,727.4 | 97,209,558,000.0 | 97,671,433,000.0 | 104,467,486,000.0 | 107,478,961,000.0 | 107,595,830,000.0 | 95,865,473,000.0 | 107,179,074,000.0 | 116,133,121,000.0 | 121,147,057,000.0 | 124,676,074,700.0 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 3.7 | 1.1 | 0.1 | -0.7 | 6.0 | 1.0 | 0.2 | -9.2 | 9.4 | 5.9 | 2.0 | -2.0 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 5.8 | -11.7 | -5.5 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1.8 | -0.1 | -1.8 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 5.0 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 20.5 | 12.4 | 8.0 | 8.1 | 7.9 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 8.4 | 8.1 | 7.4 | 8.0 | 9.5 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 30.1 | 34.7 | 28.1 | 27.5 | 28.5 | 28.0 | 26.7 | 24.0 | 27.3 | 29.6 | 27.6 | 26.5 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 22.8 | 37.6 | 22.8 | 20.5 | 21.5 | 23.5 | 24.0 | 23.3 | 27.1 | 30.9 | 28.6 | 30.3 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 21.8 | 27.9 | 25.1 | 20.0 | 22.1 | 24.5 | 24.0 | 20.7 | 26.2 | 31.0 | 28.4 | 26.9 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 20.2 | 17.2 | 22.7 | 20.2 | 22.5 | 22.5 | 21.0 | 17.6 | 20.7 | 22.4 | 20.7 | 18.5 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 30.8 | 28.6 | 28.0 | 31.2 | 29.7 | 27.1 | 29.7 | 31.0 | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 31.8 | 36.4 | 38.0 | 40.5 | 44.6 | 52.1 | 56.2 | 57.4 | 60.8 | 61.8 | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 16.4 | 14.5 | 13.7 | 14.3 | 13.4 | 12.9 | 12.7 | 13.1 | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.9 | 1.5 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.3 | .. | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 3.8 | 79.6 | 84.1 | 87.4 | 92.5 | 91.4 | 88.3 | 95.0 | 98.1 | 101.0 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 7.7 | 9.2 | 8.0 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 6.7 | 7.3 | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 30.0 | 49.3 | 41.0 | 33.9 | 37.5 | 41.7 | 41.7 | 39.9 | 48.9 | 56.6 | 51.2 | 50.6 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 101.1 | 88.5 | 100.0 | 95.4 | 103.4 | 113.1 | 109.0 | 94.5 | 107.4 | 114.4 | 108.0 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 12,162,620,647.2 | 17,182,982,890.6 | 28,405,810,428.0 | 35,395,057,632.2 | 41,170,619,133.1 | 44,972,778,938.7 | 51,908,820,292.2 | 56,397,276,775.8 | 58,115,985,989.7 | 60,683,764,801.2 | 60,563,619,918.5 | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 33.2 | 51.0 | 23.6 | 26.5 | 29.2 | 35.6 | 35.8 | 41.1 | 22.5 | 14.5 | 18.4 | .. | |
| Net migration | -21,164.0 | -40,859.0 | 14,724.0 | 35,461.0 | 53,707.0 | 95,482.0 | 54,921.0 | -10,320.0 | -28,503.0 | -23,090.0 | -21,948.0 | -19,704.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 51,000,000.0 | 1,322,301,000.0 | 2,387,555,892.0 | 2,612,078,851.8 | 2,849,068,577.2 | 3,039,078,508.9 | 3,242,684,317.0 | 3,343,696,163.5 | 4,367,441,780.6 | 4,747,980,446.4 | 5,452,432,476.7 | 6,544,355,900.6 | |
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