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| Population, total | 845,290,251.0 | 865,392,479.0 | 907,527,486.0 | 911,579,016.0 | 915,065,824.0 | 918,689,254.0 | 921,932,163.0 | 923,664,467.0 | 924,381,062.0 | 924,234,471.0 | 924,773,523.0 | 928,263,208.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.4 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 28,381,885.8 | 28,447,206.8 | 28,805,746.3 | 28,805,941.5 | 28,805,769.7 | 28,805,969.8 | 28,809,494.5 | 28,817,019.1 | 28,817,044.6 | 28,816,870.7 | .. | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 154.2 | 31.6 | 33.1 | 33.2 | 33.3 | 33.5 | 33.6 | 33.7 | 33.7 | 33.7 | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | 4.0 | 7.6 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 8,252,470,919,869.1 | 10,835,700,742,754.3 | 22,490,212,980,183.5 | 21,409,674,888,622.6 | 21,046,245,249,345.8 | 22,587,308,794,769.1 | 23,519,282,148,319.8 | 22,353,603,977,160.1 | 24,908,219,939,818.4 | 26,567,508,432,950.7 | 27,238,777,185,074.8 | 27,770,687,075,890.1 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 9,762.9 | 12,521.1 | 24,781.9 | 23,486.4 | 22,999.7 | 24,586.5 | 25,510.9 | 24,201.0 | 26,945.8 | 28,745.4 | 29,454.5 | 29,916.8 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 9,997,568,483,951.3 | 13,693,264,020,535.9 | 27,915,497,353,111.5 | 29,335,600,466,513.8 | 31,051,354,949,392.5 | 32,793,348,916,238.7 | 35,310,807,878,055.6 | 34,841,506,517,041.9 | 38,895,691,606,815.0 | 43,309,069,714,046.8 | 44,975,082,933,447.2 | 47,686,372,580,881.4 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 11,827.4 | 15,823.2 | 30,759.9 | 32,181.1 | 33,933.5 | 35,695.8 | 38,300.9 | 37,721.0 | 42,077.6 | 46,859.4 | 48,633.6 | 51,371.6 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 72.2 | 73.1 | 77.3 | 77.7 | 77.9 | 78.0 | 78.3 | 77.2 | 76.7 | 77.8 | 78.4 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 2.0 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 37.0 | 24.9 | 18.6 | 17.4 | 15.7 | 14.6 | 13.7 | 12.7 | 12.4 | 11.9 | 11.7 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 95.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 98.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 30.9 | 21.1 | 9.5 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 8.1 | 7.9 | 7.8 | 8.0 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 3.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | .. | 90.8 | 93.6 | 93.1 | 94.9 | 95.0 | 95.4 | 93.9 | 94.4 | 93.9 | 94.3 | 94.1 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 97.4 | 97.2 | 101.0 | 96.6 | 95.9 | 97.2 | 97.6 | 98.0 | 97.7 | 98.1 | 98.1 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | .. | 104.0 | 100.5 | 100.2 | 100.0 | 100.5 | 100.9 | 100.7 | 100.7 | 100.4 | 100.1 | 99.9 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 95.2 | 104.6 | 104.3 | 105.1 | 104.9 | 104.7 | 103.2 | 103.0 | 103.3 | 102.8 | 103.3 | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | .. | 10,354,188.2 | 10,544,976.1 | 10,551,036.5 | 10,557,512.1 | 10,562,170.5 | 10,566,743.7 | 10,571,377.0 | 10,576,022.2 | 10,580,649.3 | .. | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 9.9 | 10.3 | 10.7 | 10.9 | 11.0 | 12.4 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.7 | 13.0 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 0.7 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.5 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 3,749.0 | 3,177.6 | 3,046.9 | 3,083.8 | 3,128.5 | 3,159.4 | 3,082.5 | 2,944.0 | 3,176.8 | 3,028.9 | 2,538.5 | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 5,032.4 | 4,920.6 | 5,399.2 | 5,448.0 | 5,491.0 | 5,517.6 | 5,452.9 | 5,295.7 | 5,552.3 | 5,395.4 | 5,213.8 | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 8,870,877,140,631.4 | 10,084,357,140,368.8 | 20,603,435,735,279.5 | 20,528,432,079,127.4 | 21,791,487,069,281.7 | 23,342,642,668,393.3 | 23,067,540,030,248.6 | 22,322,527,185,686.7 | 25,572,901,699,926.6 | 25,798,700,454,390.6 | 27,732,942,821,913.5 | 29,291,828,957,768.8 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 2.3 | 4.4 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 3.0 | 2.2 | 1.8 | -5.4 | 6.8 | 3.4 | 1.0 | 1.6 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 5.4 | 4.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 3.7 | 8.2 | 6.7 | 3.9 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 4.7 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | 25.3 | 22.9 | 22.7 | 23.0 | 23.2 | 23.0 | 22.6 | 23.2 | 24.2 | 23.8 | 22.9 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 25.5 | 34.4 | 41.6 | 41.7 | 43.2 | 44.6 | 44.5 | 41.9 | 45.4 | 49.8 | 46.4 | 44.8 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 25.9 | 33.1 | 38.1 | 38.4 | 39.9 | 41.0 | 41.4 | 39.0 | 41.5 | 46.6 | 43.4 | 41.4 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 25.4 | 22.6 | 21.2 | 21.4 | 22.0 | 22.2 | 22.6 | 22.6 | 23.1 | 23.8 | 23.1 | 22.4 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 30.5 | 34.3 | 33.7 | 33.7 | 33.7 | 34.1 | 34.0 | 33.9 | 34.1 | 34.3 | 34.4 | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 18.2 | 20.2 | 19.2 | 19.1 | 19.3 | 19.4 | 19.3 | 19.0 | 19.6 | 19.6 | 19.6 | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.6 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.5 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.4 | 34.1 | 124.0 | 123.6 | 122.7 | 122.6 | 125.0 | 123.3 | 126.0 | 126.6 | 130.2 | 132.4 | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 18.0 | 18.2 | 16.1 | 15.6 | 16.2 | 16.0 | 16.1 | 20.0 | 20.2 | 21.3 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 40.2 | 55.1 | 61.4 | 61.2 | 63.8 | 65.6 | 64.6 | 62.2 | 67.2 | 74.8 | 67.4 | 63.2 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Net migration | 533,566.0 | 755,617.0 | 3,131,478.0 | 2,054,153.0 | 2,358,700.0 | 1,964,911.0 | 1,850,271.0 | 1,538,379.0 | 1,733,764.0 | -157,949.0 | 1,176,758.0 | 1,256,850.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 34,462,181,487.8 | 44,665,722,889.1 | 156,780,240,921.0 | 158,964,255,379.4 | 175,607,239,449.1 | 189,944,149,662.1 | 194,995,289,803.7 | 189,343,396,954.7 | 209,508,602,154.3 | 215,860,204,298.0 | 226,381,494,958.1 | 233,579,675,812.7 | |
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