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Population, total | 32,601,393.0 | 39,215,135.0 | 46,677,947.0 | 47,119,728.0 | 47,625,955.0 | 48,351,671.0 | 49,276,961.0 | 50,187,406.0 | 50,930,662.0 | 51,516,562.0 | 51,874,024.0 | 52,085,168.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.1 | 1.6 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 0.4 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 1,141,750.0 | 1,141,750.0 | 1,141,749.0 | 1,141,749.0 | 1,141,749.0 | 1,141,749.0 | 1,141,750.0 | 1,141,750.0 | 1,140,619.1 | 1,140,619.1 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 29.4 | 35.3 | 42.1 | 42.5 | 42.9 | 43.6 | 44.4 | 45.2 | 45.9 | 46.4 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 39.7 | 36.6 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 17.5 | 5.4 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 5.3 | 9.4 | 7.3 | 6.0 | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 43,893,397,365.0 | 92,669,093,768.0 | 385,376,067,177.5 | 348,545,494,567.2 | 311,102,697,309.3 | 290,428,821,000.3 | 311,265,472,385.8 | 330,794,134,537.6 | 296,080,308,249.0 | 320,687,614,045.8 | 343,773,431,664.3 | 357,640,305,732.8 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,350.0 | 2,360.0 | 8,260.0 | 7,400.0 | 6,530.0 | 6,010.0 | 6,320.0 | 6,590.0 | 5,810.0 | 6,220.0 | 6,630.0 | 6,870.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 159,109,965,932.4 | 259,151,794,830.4 | 604,226,852,874.7 | 618,044,934,989.2 | 658,039,414,706.7 | 681,250,506,662.5 | 728,608,189,905.7 | 789,964,918,998.9 | 778,428,458,201.7 | 891,767,473,484.4 | 1,068,671,454,373.5 | 1,115,520,221,571.2 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 4,880.0 | 6,610.0 | 12,940.0 | 13,120.0 | 13,820.0 | 14,090.0 | 14,790.0 | 15,740.0 | 15,280.0 | 17,310.0 | 20,600.0 | 21,420.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 2.1 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.2 | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 68.6 | 71.3 | 76.0 | 76.3 | 76.5 | 76.6 | 76.7 | 76.8 | 74.8 | 72.8 | 73.7 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.1 | 2.6 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 94.9 | 94.7 | 72.8 | 69.8 | 68.1 | 66.2 | 63.9 | 61.8 | 59.7 | 59.0 | 57.6 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 66.1 | 76.9 | .. | 81.0 | 80.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 80.6 | 86.1 | 98.9 | 99.0 | 95.9 | 99.3 | 98.4 | 98.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 35.7 | 25.1 | 16.1 | 15.6 | 15.1 | 14.6 | 14.2 | 13.7 | 13.3 | 12.8 | 12.4 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 4.9 | .. | .. | 3.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 82.0 | 88.0 | 91.0 | 94.0 | 93.0 | 93.0 | 95.0 | 95.0 | 90.0 | 86.0 | 88.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 76.9 | 100.2 | 102.7 | 102.4 | 103.1 | 106.4 | 105.6 | 103.5 | 99.6 | 99.2 | 97.1 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 109.1 | 124.3 | 116.1 | 115.5 | 115.4 | 113.3 | 111.7 | 109.4 | 107.1 | 106.5 | 104.8 | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 76.4 | 97.4 | 97.7 | 98.4 | 99.2 | 100.4 | 102.0 | 101.5 | 103.0 | 101.6 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 649,581.4 | 627,355.0 | 602,692.9 | 601,346.6 | 599,594.9 | 597,397.7 | 595,404.8 | 593,412.0 | 591,419.1 | 589,426.3 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 9.4 | 15.7 | 15.7 | 15.7 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 16.7 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 0.4 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.8 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 0.8 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 743.0 | 658.3 | 728.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 885.0 | 854.5 | 1,320.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 47,844,090,710.0 | 99,875,074,951.0 | 381,240,864,422.4 | 293,492,370,193.2 | 282,720,100,286.2 | 311,866,875,156.9 | 334,198,218,098.3 | 323,031,701,192.8 | 270,348,342,541.5 | 318,524,633,225.4 | 345,329,875,078.5 | 363,540,156,234.9 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 4.3 | 2.9 | 4.5 | 3.0 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 2.6 | 3.2 | -7.2 | 10.8 | 7.3 | 0.6 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 52.3 | 33.7 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 7.8 | 14.9 | 6.3 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 17.1 | 8.3 | 5.4 | 6.0 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 8.9 | 8.7 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 31.5 | 27.3 | 31.0 | 28.6 | 27.7 | 26.8 | 26.9 | 26.0 | 23.4 | 24.6 | 26.1 | 24.5 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 18.9 | 15.9 | 16.6 | 15.7 | 14.7 | 15.1 | 15.9 | 15.9 | 13.5 | 16.2 | 20.2 | 17.8 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 15.9 | 16.8 | 20.9 | 22.7 | 21.5 | 20.1 | 20.6 | 21.7 | 20.5 | 23.9 | 27.8 | 22.7 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 20.6 | 14.9 | 24.0 | 23.8 | 23.2 | 21.6 | 21.2 | 21.4 | 19.1 | 18.9 | 19.7 | 12.8 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | 11.6 | 18.0 | 18.9 | 19.0 | 19.8 | 18.7 | 20.9 | 19.0 | 18.5 | 20.1 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 12.0 | 12.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 10.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 70.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | 9.9 | 14.9 | 15.1 | 14.4 | 14.7 | 14.6 | 14.9 | 14.0 | 14.4 | 15.3 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.9 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 3.1 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 5.8 | 118.5 | 121.7 | 123.2 | 128.7 | 130.9 | 132.1 | 132.9 | 145.7 | 155.8 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 8.1 | 9.8 | 10.2 | 9.0 | 7.2 | 9.0 | 9.9 | 8.2 | 8.4 | 8.6 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 25.7 | 24.6 | 31.2 | 30.6 | 27.1 | 26.6 | 27.8 | 28.5 | 27.6 | 31.8 | 38.9 | 30.9 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 73.5 | 90.4 | 132.8 | 100.0 | 98.8 | 115.7 | 126.5 | 124.8 | 105.3 | 126.4 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 17,411,174,140.2 | 34,329,248,550.6 | 104,601,742,439.7 | 113,361,779,932.3 | 120,824,097,762.0 | 126,089,529,330.1 | 133,285,356,229.2 | 138,941,565,031.8 | 155,728,184,773.6 | 172,107,030,882.6 | 184,118,051,877.0 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 43.1 | 30.6 | 21.6 | 27.6 | 33.1 | 40.8 | 40.8 | 33.0 | 50.8 | 44.6 | 33.9 | .. | |
Net migration | -17,237.0 | -31,116.0 | -67,516.0 | -41,064.0 | 79,978.0 | 415,618.0 | 494,364.0 | 395,803.0 | 229,437.0 | 211,978.0 | -167,924.0 | -175,051.0 | |
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