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| Population, total | 5,281,479.0 | 7,221,619.0 | 11,360,681.0 | 11,697,842.0 | 12,039,780.0 | 12,383,347.0 | 12,726,755.0 | 13,070,169.0 | 13,413,417.0 | 13,759,501.0 | 14,111,034.0 | 14,462,724.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 46.8 | 64.0 | 100.8 | 103.7 | 106.8 | 109.8 | 112.9 | 115.9 | 119.0 | 122.0 | 125.1 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | 40.1 | .. | .. | .. | 38.5 | .. | 36.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | 65.8 | .. | .. | 37.2 | .. | .. | 27.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,825,173,505.1 | 3,285,462,999.6 | 12,492,450,828.6 | 12,171,124,091.5 | 12,308,707,529.4 | 13,827,117,872.9 | 14,878,909,136.3 | 15,552,220,813.1 | 17,152,711,387.9 | 18,679,223,213.9 | 19,618,473,437.3 | 20,619,186,502.1 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 350.0 | 450.0 | 1,100.0 | 1,040.0 | 1,020.0 | 1,120.0 | 1,170.0 | 1,190.0 | 1,280.0 | 1,360.0 | 1,390.0 | 1,430.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 6,174,425,017.8 | 12,027,736,615.6 | 30,783,169,849.2 | 33,139,256,276.4 | 34,658,579,240.0 | 36,578,611,942.3 | 39,879,141,291.5 | 42,079,218,680.0 | 45,970,615,342.9 | 52,513,064,087.9 | 57,674,029,695.1 | 63,460,836,402.2 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,170.0 | 1,670.0 | 2,710.0 | 2,830.0 | 2,880.0 | 2,950.0 | 3,130.0 | 3,220.0 | 3,430.0 | 3,820.0 | 4,090.0 | 4,390.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | 3.3 | .. | .. | 7.0 | .. | .. | 7.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 53.0 | 56.6 | 59.1 | 59.3 | 59.5 | 59.7 | 59.9 | 60.2 | 59.6 | 60.5 | 60.8 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.7 | 5.9 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 126.7 | 118.1 | 96.3 | 95.2 | 91.8 | 87.9 | 83.8 | 81.1 | 79.8 | 78.9 | 77.8 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 15.5 | .. | .. | .. | 22.4 | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 78.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 172.2 | 136.1 | 97.1 | 95.0 | 92.7 | 90.5 | 88.0 | 85.5 | 83.1 | 80.4 | 77.9 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 16.8 | .. | .. | 19.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 79.0 | 70.0 | 67.0 | 68.0 | 65.0 | 61.0 | 58.0 | 54.0 | 53.0 | 52.0 | 52.0 | 44.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 17.6 | 34.9 | 75.4 | 74.8 | .. | .. | 59.0 | 57.5 | 67.8 | 61.6 | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 47.2 | 77.3 | 122.0 | 120.3 | 116.3 | 111.8 | 106.8 | 104.0 | 105.6 | 108.0 | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 20.0 | 55.1 | 55.3 | .. | .. | .. | 44.0 | 44.3 | 43.6 | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.2 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 48,351.5 | 41,351.5 | 33,851.5 | 33,351.5 | 32,851.5 | 32,351.5 | 31,851.5 | 31,351.5 | 30,851.5 | 30,351.5 | 29,851.5 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 22.9 | 23.5 | 23.5 | 23.5 | 23.5 | 23.5 | 23.5 | 23.5 | 23.5 | 23.5 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.8 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 314.6 | 274.6 | 379.5 | 409.0 | 412.3 | 423.3 | 414.5 | 426.2 | 376.1 | 375.8 | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 32.9 | 55.3 | 96.9 | 92.1 | 95.1 | 96.9 | 98.7 | 98.5 | 113.2 | 105.3 | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 1,959,965,330.1 | 3,519,991,440.5 | 11,388,160,996.8 | 11,821,065,853.4 | 12,701,655,836.9 | 14,262,408,089.9 | 14,391,686,313.5 | 15,686,741,883.9 | 17,687,623,530.3 | 17,425,405,090.9 | 19,673,291,004.1 | 21,482,643,706.4 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 9.0 | 5.9 | 1.8 | 3.3 | 5.7 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 3.8 | 7.2 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 7.5 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 2.2 | 4.3 | 0.9 | 0.7 | -0.4 | 0.7 | -0.4 | 2.9 | 1.6 | 4.1 | 3.4 | 1.6 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 34.7 | 23.5 | 26.4 | 27.8 | 28.5 | 28.1 | 26.9 | 27.1 | 28.5 | 26.9 | 25.4 | 24.2 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 12.5 | 18.8 | 16.4 | 15.7 | 15.1 | 14.6 | 16.3 | 16.3 | 16.5 | 17.0 | 17.3 | 17.4 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 19.2 | 20.6 | 24.7 | 27.6 | 27.2 | 27.3 | 29.6 | 19.9 | 20.9 | 20.8 | 20.0 | 18.8 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 26.5 | 26.7 | 32.0 | 31.4 | 34.3 | 34.5 | 34.1 | 25.0 | 27.1 | 23.6 | 24.7 | 21.8 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 14.1 | 16.0 | 20.7 | 20.3 | 24.0 | 26.4 | 25.6 | 25.6 | 28.9 | 31.1 | 34.5 | 35.1 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.2 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.7 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.8 | 82.0 | 76.0 | 72.9 | 76.4 | 81.3 | 85.2 | 94.9 | 105.7 | 116.0 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 1.6 | 1.2 | 4.7 | 2.8 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 30.5 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 28.2 | 28.6 | 37.3 | 39.3 | 45.0 | 54.1 | 48.5 | 41.8 | 46.1 | 49.5 | 47.3 | 41.9 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 90.4 | 84.4 | 100.0 | 102.8 | 105.1 | 107.5 | 102.0 | 100.8 | 108.4 | 113.0 | 102.1 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 1,110,830,135.6 | 1,504,156,540.8 | 3,604,375,281.2 | 4,184,965,533.2 | 4,916,905,709.4 | 6,891,192,963.8 | 6,938,801,010.2 | 8,516,297,040.3 | 10,440,535,052.1 | 10,927,329,920.1 | 12,540,297,201.5 | 14,162,933,686.6 | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 9.9 | 14.2 | 7.5 | 4.2 | 3.7 | 7.9 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 17.3 | 11.3 | 18.1 | 26.8 | |
| Net migration | -333.0 | 3,335.0 | 3,369.0 | 3,837.0 | 3,716.0 | 3,372.0 | 3,366.0 | 1,729.0 | 1,729.0 | -192.0 | -192.0 | -7,725.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 101,049,423.2 | 85,876,253.1 | 214,449,579.5 | 221,726,215.0 | 195,776,833.9 | 198,742,396.0 | 216,993,145.2 | 204,623,916.5 | 230,914,333.1 | 250,408,119.9 | 338,542,905.0 | 235,644,897.5 | |
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