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Population, total | 5,281,479.0 | 7,221,619.0 | 11,030,004.0 | 11,360,681.0 | 11,697,842.0 | 12,039,780.0 | 12,383,347.0 | 12,726,755.0 | 13,070,169.0 | 13,413,417.0 | 13,759,501.0 | 14,111,034.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | 114,760.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 46.8 | 64.0 | 97.8 | 100.8 | 103.7 | 106.8 | 109.8 | 112.9 | 115.9 | 119.0 | 122.0 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 40.1 | .. | .. | 38.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 50.7 | .. | .. | 20.1 | .. | .. | 12.7 | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,825,173,505.1 | 3,285,462,999.6 | 13,069,865,714.8 | 12,492,450,830.9 | 12,171,124,092.1 | 12,308,707,531.9 | 13,827,117,872.5 | 14,878,909,134.7 | 15,540,581,607.3 | 17,140,747,136.1 | 18,598,453,551.5 | 19,610,877,128.0 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 350.0 | 450.0 | 1,180.0 | 1,100.0 | 1,040.0 | 1,020.0 | 1,120.0 | 1,170.0 | 1,190.0 | 1,280.0 | 1,350.0 | 1,390.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 6,174,425,017.6 | 12,027,736,615.6 | 29,319,572,569.5 | 30,783,169,849.2 | 33,139,256,276.4 | 34,658,579,240.0 | 36,578,611,942.3 | 39,879,141,291.5 | 42,079,218,680.0 | 45,970,615,342.9 | 52,347,170,519.2 | 57,674,233,853.5 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,170.0 | 1,670.0 | 2,660.0 | 2,710.0 | 2,830.0 | 2,880.0 | 2,950.0 | 3,130.0 | 3,220.0 | 3,430.0 | 3,800.0 | 4,090.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | 3.3 | .. | .. | 7.0 | .. | .. | 7.6 | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 53.3 | 56.6 | 59.1 | 59.4 | 59.5 | 59.9 | 60.1 | 60.5 | 60.1 | 59.8 | 60.0 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.7 | 5.9 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 126.7 | 118.1 | 96.4 | 96.3 | 95.2 | 91.8 | 87.9 | 83.8 | 81.1 | 79.8 | 78.9 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | 17.9 | .. | .. | .. | 15.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | 77.2 | .. | .. | .. | 78.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 172.1 | 136.3 | 99.6 | 97.4 | 95.2 | 93.0 | 90.7 | 88.3 | 85.8 | 83.3 | 80.8 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | 18.0 | .. | .. | .. | 16.8 | .. | .. | 19.6 | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 79.0 | 70.0 | 65.0 | 67.0 | 68.0 | 65.0 | 61.0 | 58.0 | 54.0 | 53.0 | 52.0 | 52.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 18.3 | 36.3 | 77.3 | 78.0 | 77.4 | .. | .. | 61.8 | 60.3 | 70.8 | 64.6 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 49.1 | 80.1 | 124.5 | 127.1 | 125.6 | 121.6 | 117.1 | 112.0 | 109.1 | 110.7 | 113.0 | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 20.9 | 54.7 | 57.4 | 57.5 | .. | .. | .. | 45.7 | 46.1 | 45.4 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.6 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 48,351.5 | 41,351.5 | 34,351.5 | 33,851.5 | 33,351.5 | 32,851.5 | 32,351.5 | 31,851.5 | 31,351.5 | 30,851.5 | 30,351.5 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 28.9 | 23.5 | 23.5 | 23.5 | 23.5 | 23.5 | 23.5 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 5.3 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.7 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 314.6 | 274.5 | 388.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 32.9 | 55.3 | 93.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 1,959,965,330.1 | 3,519,991,440.5 | 13,284,527,850.3 | 11,388,160,997.1 | 11,821,065,852.1 | 12,701,655,846.0 | 14,262,408,079.7 | 14,391,686,309.0 | 15,651,545,208.9 | 17,690,083,519.9 | 17,401,746,309.3 | 19,676,049,075.7 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 9.0 | 5.9 | 6.4 | 1.8 | 3.3 | 5.7 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 3.8 | 7.2 | 6.3 | 6.4 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 2.2 | 4.3 | -0.2 | 0.9 | 0.7 | -0.4 | 0.7 | -0.4 | 2.9 | 1.6 | 4.1 | 3.4 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 34.7 | 23.5 | 25.6 | 26.4 | 27.8 | 28.5 | 28.1 | 26.9 | 27.1 | 28.5 | 26.9 | 25.4 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 12.5 | 18.8 | 16.4 | 16.4 | 15.7 | 15.1 | 14.6 | 16.3 | 16.3 | 16.5 | 17.0 | 17.3 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 19.2 | 20.6 | 31.4 | 24.7 | 27.6 | 27.2 | 27.3 | 29.6 | 19.9 | 20.9 | 21.7 | 21.2 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 26.5 | 26.7 | 33.8 | 32.0 | 31.4 | 34.3 | 34.5 | 34.1 | 25.0 | 27.1 | 29.3 | 30.2 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 14.1 | 16.0 | 19.3 | 20.7 | 20.3 | 24.0 | 26.4 | 25.6 | 25.6 | 28.9 | 36.5 | 40.5 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 12.5 | 12.5 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.2 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.8 | 81.6 | 85.2 | 79.0 | 75.7 | 79.2 | 84.2 | 88.1 | 98.0 | 109.0 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 4.1 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 4.7 | 2.8 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 4.3 | 4.4 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 28.2 | 28.6 | 48.1 | 37.3 | 39.3 | 45.0 | 54.1 | 48.5 | 41.9 | 46.1 | 49.6 | 46.0 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 90.4 | 84.4 | 101.8 | 100.0 | 104.2 | 108.2 | 109.2 | 105.3 | 106.2 | 115.8 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 1,110,830,135.6 | 1,504,156,540.8 | 3,847,583,868.7 | 3,555,460,281.2 | 4,222,872,533.2 | 4,821,092,709.4 | 6,901,298,963.8 | 6,948,620,010.2 | 8,419,708,040.3 | 10,080,172,314.8 | 10,736,679,249.4 | 12,482,753,038.6 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 9.9 | 14.2 | 3.2 | 7.4 | 4.2 | 3.6 | 7.9 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 17.3 | 11.2 | 21.2 | |
Net migration | -333.0 | 3,335.0 | 3,667.0 | 3,369.0 | 3,837.0 | 3,716.0 | 3,372.0 | 3,366.0 | 1,729.0 | 1,729.0 | -192.0 | -192.0 | |
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