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| Population, total | 116,155,576.0 | 154,879,127.0 | 179,682,690.0 | 184,493,231.0 | 189,499,113.0 | 194,376,534.0 | 199,239,047.0 | 203,746,065.0 | 207,667,125.0 | 211,073,978.0 | 214,264,647.0 | 217,290,883.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 3.3 | 2.8 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.4 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 150.7 | 200.9 | 233.1 | 239.3 | 245.8 | 252.1 | 258.5 | 264.3 | 269.4 | 273.8 | 277.9 | 281.9 | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 44.1 | .. | .. | 36.8 | 36.3 | .. | 29.5 | .. | 24.3 | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | 79.5 | .. | .. | 34.9 | .. | .. | 26.7 | 25.9 | .. | 21.2 | .. | 16.9 | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 42,545,192,073.4 | 72,913,993,116.7 | 159,846,743,316.4 | 173,145,660,929.1 | 190,200,867,237.9 | 197,434,749,038.9 | 198,259,247,002.8 | 208,266,577,386.0 | 230,696,445,069.6 | 254,818,748,255.3 | 267,580,609,363.2 | 279,057,636,265.8 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 370.0 | 470.0 | 890.0 | 940.0 | 1,000.0 | 1,020.0 | 1,000.0 | 1,020.0 | 1,110.0 | 1,210.0 | 1,250.0 | 1,280.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 216,842,168,023.3 | 389,228,935,491.4 | 621,145,707,290.2 | 664,314,388,219.5 | 691,507,755,857.0 | 716,906,796,121.3 | 741,675,056,636.3 | 780,110,472,311.8 | 829,442,458,507.5 | 868,512,882,264.3 | 910,654,119,428.1 | 958,594,455,887.1 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,870.0 | 2,510.0 | 3,460.0 | 3,600.0 | 3,650.0 | 3,690.0 | 3,720.0 | 3,830.0 | 3,990.0 | 4,110.0 | 4,250.0 | 4,410.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | 8.1 | .. | .. | 9.7 | .. | .. | 9.9 | 9.7 | .. | 9.5 | .. | 9.3 | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 59.7 | 61.9 | 63.6 | 63.8 | 64.0 | 64.2 | 64.4 | 64.7 | 64.9 | 65.1 | 65.4 | 65.6 | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.4 | 5.4 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 104.4 | 76.6 | 58.7 | 58.1 | 57.1 | 56.5 | 55.6 | 52.3 | 51.5 | 50.9 | 49.8 | 48.7 | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | 26.0 | 29.6 | 27.0 | .. | .. | .. | 29.0 | 35.4 | 32.0 | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | 56.0 | 38.8 | 40.0 | 41.0 | .. | 43.0 | 51.0 | 52.1 | .. | 59.0 | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 139.8 | 108.1 | 94.7 | 92.9 | 91.0 | 89.1 | 87.1 | 84.9 | 82.7 | 80.4 | 78.0 | 75.6 | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 31.4 | .. | 31.8 | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 50.0 | 57.0 | 59.0 | 57.0 | 56.0 | 56.0 | 57.0 | 59.0 | 63.0 | 68.0 | 71.0 | 75.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | .. | 52.4 | 52.5 | 52.2 | 51.7 | 53.5 | 52.2 | 55.1 | 55.3 | 56.9 | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 51.9 | 62.8 | 68.5 | 72.8 | 72.6 | 72.9 | 73.6 | 70.4 | 69.9 | 68.9 | 72.2 | 71.7 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 20.2 | .. | 27.2 | 29.1 | 29.2 | 29.1 | 29.3 | 29.7 | 30.6 | 31.5 | 32.7 | 34.7 | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.5 | .. | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 49,867.9 | 45,112.6 | 42,607.4 | 42,189.9 | 41,772.4 | 41,354.8 | 40,937.3 | 40,615.0 | 40,292.8 | 39,970.5 | 39,648.3 | 39,326.0 | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 282.7 | 313.7 | 328.1 | 330.8 | 333.6 | 332.9 | 336.9 | 326.3 | 341.6 | 333.6 | 354.3 | 358.0 | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.1 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 370.8 | 411.5 | 443.9 | 457.2 | 437.8 | 433.2 | 429.3 | 422.8 | 419.5 | 421.5 | 433.4 | 437.1 | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 257.1 | 333.1 | 425.6 | 418.0 | 382.3 | 394.3 | 398.2 | 389.3 | 385.8 | 414.8 | 419.1 | 435.1 | |
| GDP (current US$) | 40,010,423,970.5 | 99,484,802,344.5 | 161,871,385,506.4 | 184,140,869,997.5 | 202,203,748,583.9 | 187,337,783,856.5 | 196,709,621,849.6 | 230,586,581,059.7 | 250,106,966,104.7 | 258,657,231,672.4 | 271,390,474,857.6 | 299,963,590,534.8 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 4.5 | 4.3 | 6.1 | 4.4 | 2.1 | 3.5 | 1.5 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 4.2 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 6.5 | 68.0 | 6.0 | 10.3 | 10.9 | 12.4 | 10.6 | 16.4 | 9.9 | 7.4 | 7.2 | 4.4 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 23.1 | 25.4 | 20.4 | 19.9 | 20.4 | 21.8 | 22.7 | 23.8 | 23.4 | 23.7 | 23.5 | 23.3 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 22.3 | 17.2 | 20.2 | 19.9 | 21.2 | 20.3 | 21.0 | 21.2 | 22.0 | 20.9 | 20.9 | 19.6 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 14.8 | 9.6 | 12.5 | 11.6 | 11.9 | 12.4 | 12.6 | 13.5 | 11.9 | 12.2 | 11.2 | 10.0 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 20.2 | 11.8 | 20.5 | 19.2 | 22.5 | 20.9 | 19.4 | 18.9 | 19.4 | 18.7 | 18.3 | 16.7 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 18.9 | 16.3 | 18.3 | 17.5 | 18.0 | 17.6 | 16.0 | 14.6 | 15.2 | 15.0 | 14.9 | 15.8 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 6.5 | 4.2 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.2 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.2 | 19.2 | 34.1 | 46.4 | 48.5 | 49.8 | 53.4 | 57.9 | 60.5 | 63.4 | 57.9 | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1.6 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 32.4 | 20.0 | 28.9 | 27.4 | 31.0 | 26.3 | 30.1 | 30.1 | 27.5 | 27.0 | 26.6 | 22.1 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 218.2 | 200.7 | 114.8 | 107.4 | 94.5 | 106.3 | 106.0 | 101.3 | 97.3 | 92.9 | 96.4 | 100.0 | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 20,663,375,831.9 | 33,101,002,264.3 | 37,659,231,394.5 | 42,532,926,374.9 | 50,112,215,045.1 | 56,926,359,340.6 | 63,407,877,831.5 | 65,010,917,821.7 | 63,876,676,495.3 | 60,219,473,309.0 | 64,281,642,245.6 | 68,673,371,108.6 | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 27.2 | 28.4 | 10.9 | 11.5 | 11.4 | 15.3 | 15.1 | 9.4 | 15.5 | 22.8 | 15.6 | 14.5 | |
| Net migration | 275,242.0 | 252,869.0 | -183,933.0 | 576,349.0 | -140,746.0 | -18,298.0 | -431,902.0 | -890,633.0 | -1,647,989.0 | -1,906,319.0 | -2,037,920.0 | -2,172,162.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 2,006,266,968.0 | 1,075,000,000.0 | 5,121,000,000.0 | 5,998,000,000.0 | 7,039,000,000.0 | 8,717,000,000.0 | 9,690,000,000.0 | 12,263,000,000.0 | 14,007,000,000.0 | 14,629,000,000.0 | 17,244,000,000.0 | 19,306,000,000.0 | |
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