| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) | 22.5 | 22.4 | 22.2 | 22.2 | 22.0 | 22.1 | 21.9 | 21.7 | 21.6 | 21.4 | 21.0 | 20.4 | 20.0 | 19.7 | 19.6 | 19.3 | 18.9 | 18.7 | 18.4 | 18.3 | 18.3 | 18.2 | 18.0 | 18.5 | 18.2 | 18.3 | 18.2 | 17.5 | 17.7 | 18.0 | 17.7 | 16.8 | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 96.9 | .. | 95.8 | .. | .. | 98.5 | .. | 97.2 | 97.5 | 97.5 | 99.1 | 98.4 | 98.9 | 98.7 | 99.1 | 99.1 | 99.4 | 99.4 | 94.8 | 97.9 | 95.0 | 97.1 | 98.2 | 97.0 | 99.6 | 99.6 | 98.4 | |
| Completeness of birth registration (%) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 91.0 | .. | .. | 99.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 99.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Consumption of iodized salt (% of households) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Current education expenditure, total (% of total expenditure in public institutions) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 95.3 | .. | .. | 98.5 | 99.1 | 99.2 | 99.2 | .. | 97.5 | 96.8 | 96.1 | 96.0 | 95.8 | .. | 95.1 | 94.1 | 93.0 | 89.2 | 89.2 | |
| Educational attainment, at least Bachelor's or equivalent, population 25+, female (%) (cumulative) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Educational attainment, at least completed lower secondary, population 25+, female (%) (cumulative) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 36.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 46.1 | .. | 56.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Educational attainment, at least completed post-secondary, population 25+, female (%) (cumulative) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Educational attainment, at least completed primary, population 25+ years, female (%) (cumulative) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 71.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 81.1 | .. | .. | .. | 80.4 | .. | 89.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Exclusive breastfeeding (% of children under 6 months) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 54.0 | 32.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.2 | |
| Food exports (% of merchandise exports) | 66.1 | 66.6 | 61.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 61.0 | 55.3 | 51.8 | 49.8 | 51.9 | 48.6 | 50.6 | 49.2 | 43.6 | 44.2 | 45.7 | 49.0 | 47.8 | 46.5 | 44.6 | 50.4 | 52.6 | 49.6 | 49.6 | 52.2 | 52.2 | 54.4 | 54.3 | 59.9 | 62.9 | |
| Food imports (% of merchandise imports) | 4.7 | 6.9 | 4.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 6.0 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 5.3 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 5.7 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 3.8 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 3.6 | |
| Food production index (2014-2016 = 100) | 49.8 | 51.1 | 48.5 | 49.3 | 45.9 | 51.0 | 52.9 | 53.0 | 53.1 | 55.7 | 59.0 | 57.1 | 61.9 | 66.7 | 68.3 | 69.1 | 69.3 | 68.9 | 71.5 | 73.9 | 83.0 | 82.1 | 89.8 | 91.0 | 76.1 | 88.2 | 92.8 | 86.6 | 94.0 | 95.1 | 103.9 | 101.0 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | -5.2 | 6.2 | 2.7 | -1.1 | -7.2 | -2.5 | 9.1 | 7.9 | 8.2 | 5.8 | -2.8 | 5.5 | 8.1 | 3.9 | -3.4 | -0.8 | -4.4 | -10.9 | 8.8 | 9.0 | 8.9 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 4.1 | -5.9 | 10.1 | 6.0 | -1.0 | 2.4 | -2.5 | 2.7 | -2.1 | |
| GDP per capita growth (annual %) | -6.7 | 4.5 | 1.1 | -2.6 | -8.6 | -3.9 | 7.6 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 4.4 | -4.1 | 4.2 | 6.8 | 2.6 | -4.5 | -1.9 | -5.5 | -11.8 | 7.7 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 6.9 | 7.9 | 3.0 | -6.9 | 9.0 | 4.9 | -2.0 | 1.4 | -3.5 | 1.7 | -3.0 | |
| Gini index | .. | 42.8 | 45.3 | .. | .. | .. | 46.8 | 45.5 | 44.8 | 45.9 | 48.9 | 49.5 | 49.1 | 50.7 | 49.8 | 51.0 | 53.3 | 53.8 | 51.0 | 48.5 | 47.8 | 46.4 | 46.3 | 45.0 | 43.8 | 43.7 | 42.7 | 41.4 | 41.1 | 41.8 | .. | 42.3 | |
| Government expenditure on education, total (% of government expenditure) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 15.4 | .. | 15.6 | 15.9 | 16.2 | 16.4 | 16.4 | 14.4 | 15.1 | 15.8 | 15.5 | 15.1 | 15.7 | 16.0 | 15.0 | 15.2 | 14.5 | 14.5 | 13.8 | 14.0 | 13.4 | |
| Hospital beds (per 1,000 people) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 4.6 | .. | .. | 4.6 | .. | .. | 3.3 | .. | .. | .. | 4.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 4.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 5.0 | |
| Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 66.0 | 67.0 | 75.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 87.0 | 80.0 | 81.0 | 81.0 | 82.0 | 85.0 | 83.0 | 88.0 | 84.0 | 86.0 | 83.0 | 83.0 | 93.0 | 96.0 | 98.0 | 98.0 | 91.0 | 91.0 | 93.0 | 94.0 | 94.0 | 91.0 | 91.0 | 94.0 | 94.0 | 94.0 | 92.0 | |
| Immunization, HepB3 (% of one-year-old children) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 66.0 | 90.0 | 94.0 | 88.0 | 84.0 | 85.0 | 90.0 | 94.0 | 94.0 | 91.0 | 91.0 | 94.0 | 94.0 | 94.0 | 92.0 | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 54.0 | 87.0 | 80.0 | 87.0 | 89.0 | 93.0 | 99.0 | 92.0 | 95.0 | 96.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 93.0 | 95.0 | 97.0 | 91.0 | 89.0 | 95.0 | 97.0 | 99.0 | 98.0 | 97.0 | 94.0 | 96.0 | 96.0 | 95.0 | 95.0 | 94.0 | 94.0 | 95.0 | 89.0 | 90.0 | |
| Life expectancy at birth, female (years) | 73.4 | 73.8 | 74.2 | 74.6 | 75.0 | 74.9 | 75.3 | 75.5 | 75.7 | 75.9 | 76.2 | 76.4 | 76.8 | 76.9 | 77.1 | 77.3 | 77.6 | 77.9 | 77.8 | 78.2 | 78.6 | 78.4 | 77.9 | 78.6 | 78.6 | 78.7 | 79.4 | 78.7 | 78.6 | 79.2 | 79.8 | 79.1 | |
| Life expectancy at birth, male (years) | 66.5 | 66.9 | 67.3 | 67.6 | 68.0 | 68.3 | 68.7 | 68.7 | 68.9 | 69.5 | 69.5 | 69.7 | 70.0 | 69.9 | 70.3 | 70.5 | 70.6 | 70.7 | 70.8 | 71.5 | 71.8 | 72.0 | 71.6 | 72.2 | 72.4 | 72.5 | 72.7 | 72.9 | 73.0 | 73.3 | 73.4 | 73.0 | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 69.9 | 70.3 | 70.7 | 71.1 | 71.5 | 71.6 | 72.0 | 72.1 | 72.3 | 72.7 | 72.9 | 73.1 | 73.4 | 73.4 | 73.7 | 73.9 | 74.2 | 74.3 | 74.3 | 74.9 | 75.2 | 75.3 | 74.8 | 75.4 | 75.6 | 75.7 | 76.1 | 75.8 | 75.8 | 76.3 | 76.6 | 76.1 | |
| Lifetime risk of maternal death (%) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Lifetime risk of maternal death (1 in: rate varies by country) | 428.0 | 448.0 | 471.0 | 490.0 | 515.0 | 515.0 | 528.0 | 549.0 | 581.0 | 589.0 | 619.0 | 650.0 | 657.0 | 701.0 | 699.0 | 702.0 | 688.0 | 710.0 | 701.0 | 735.0 | 748.0 | 723.0 | 711.0 | 721.0 | 699.0 | 788.0 | 896.0 | 918.0 | 956.0 | 1,008.0 | 1,155.0 | 1,188.0 | |
| Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 95.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 97.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15-24) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 98.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 99.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Low-birthweight babies (% of births) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.3 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | |
| Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births) | 80.0 | 76.0 | 73.0 | 70.0 | 68.0 | 68.0 | 67.0 | 65.0 | 62.0 | 62.0 | 60.0 | 59.0 | 60.0 | 57.0 | 57.0 | 58.0 | 60.0 | 59.0 | 61.0 | 58.0 | 57.0 | 60.0 | 62.0 | 59.0 | 62.0 | 55.0 | 48.0 | 49.0 | 47.0 | 43.0 | 39.0 | 40.0 | |
| Maternal mortality ratio (national estimate, per 100,000 live births) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 44.0 | 46.9 | 38.3 | 38.1 | 41.1 | 34.9 | 43.5 | 46.1 | 43.6 | 40.1 | 39.2 | 47.8 | 43.7 | 39.7 | 55.0 | 43.8 | 39.8 | 34.9 | 32.5 | 37.3 | 38.7 | 33.7 | |
| Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) | 26.2 | 25.4 | 25.0 | 24.9 | 24.9 | 24.8 | 24.5 | 23.8 | 22.9 | 22.0 | 20.9 | 19.9 | 18.9 | 18.1 | 17.3 | 16.7 | 16.2 | 15.8 | 15.4 | 14.9 | 14.4 | 14.0 | 13.6 | 13.2 | 12.8 | 12.4 | 11.9 | 11.4 | 10.9 | 10.4 | 10.0 | 9.7 | |
| Mortality rate, infant, female (per 1,000 live births) | 23.2 | 22.5 | 22.1 | 22.0 | 22.0 | 22.0 | 21.7 | 21.3 | 20.4 | 19.5 | 18.6 | 17.6 | 16.8 | 16.0 | 15.5 | 14.9 | 14.5 | 14.2 | 13.9 | 13.4 | 12.8 | 12.4 | 12.1 | 11.8 | 11.4 | 11.1 | 10.7 | 10.3 | 9.9 | 9.5 | 9.1 | 8.8 | |
| Mortality rate, infant, male (per 1,000 live births) | 29.0 | 28.1 | 27.7 | 27.8 | 27.7 | 27.5 | 27.1 | 26.3 | 25.3 | 24.3 | 23.2 | 22.1 | 20.9 | 20.0 | 19.1 | 18.4 | 17.8 | 17.3 | 16.8 | 16.3 | 15.9 | 15.4 | 15.0 | 14.6 | 14.2 | 13.6 | 13.1 | 12.4 | 11.9 | 11.4 | 10.9 | 10.6 | |
| Mortality rate, neonatal (per 1,000 live births) | 16.8 | 17.2 | 16.9 | 16.2 | 15.5 | 15.0 | 14.8 | 14.6 | 14.5 | 14.1 | 13.5 | 12.6 | 11.6 | 11.0 | 10.9 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 10.7 | 10.1 | 9.6 | 9.2 | 8.8 | 8.4 | 8.1 | 7.8 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 7.1 | 6.8 | 6.5 | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 30.6 | 29.6 | 29.1 | 29.0 | 28.9 | 28.8 | 28.4 | 27.6 | 26.6 | 25.4 | 24.2 | 23.1 | 21.9 | 20.9 | 20.1 | 19.4 | 18.8 | 18.3 | 17.8 | 17.3 | 16.7 | 16.2 | 15.8 | 15.4 | 14.9 | 14.4 | 13.9 | 13.3 | 12.7 | 12.2 | 11.7 | 11.4 | |
| Mortality rate, under-5, female (per 1,000 live births) | 27.3 | 26.4 | 26.0 | 25.7 | 25.8 | 25.7 | 25.4 | 24.8 | 23.8 | 22.6 | 21.6 | 20.5 | 19.6 | 18.6 | 18.0 | 17.3 | 16.9 | 16.6 | 16.1 | 15.6 | 15.0 | 14.5 | 14.2 | 13.8 | 13.4 | 13.0 | 12.5 | 12.0 | 11.5 | 11.1 | 10.6 | 10.3 | |
| Mortality rate, under-5, male (per 1,000 live births) | 33.7 | 32.5 | 32.1 | 32.1 | 31.9 | 31.7 | 31.2 | 30.3 | 29.2 | 28.1 | 26.7 | 25.5 | 24.2 | 23.1 | 22.0 | 21.3 | 20.6 | 20.0 | 19.4 | 18.9 | 18.4 | 17.8 | 17.4 | 16.9 | 16.4 | 15.8 | 15.2 | 14.5 | 13.8 | 13.3 | 12.8 | 12.4 | |
| Newborns protected against tetanus (%) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Number of infant deaths | 17,858.0 | 17,352.0 | 17,247.0 | 17,395.0 | 17,581.0 | 17,726.0 | 17,694.0 | 17,323.0 | 16,797.0 | 16,178.0 | 15,397.0 | 14,487.0 | 13,607.0 | 12,905.0 | 12,423.0 | 12,008.0 | 11,568.0 | 11,207.0 | 10,872.0 | 10,533.0 | 10,264.0 | 10,015.0 | 9,751.0 | 9,676.0 | 9,554.0 | 9,289.0 | 9,004.0 | 8,499.0 | 8,096.0 | 7,961.0 | 7,736.0 | 7,288.0 | |
| Number of maternal deaths | 540.0 | 530.0 | 510.0 | 500.0 | 480.0 | 490.0 | 480.0 | 470.0 | 450.0 | 460.0 | 440.0 | 430.0 | 430.0 | 410.0 | 410.0 | 420.0 | 430.0 | 420.0 | 430.0 | 410.0 | 410.0 | 430.0 | 440.0 | 440.0 | 460.0 | 410.0 | 370.0 | 360.0 | 350.0 | 340.0 | 300.0 | 290.0 | |
| Number of neonatal deaths | 11,473.0 | 11,888.0 | 11,733.0 | 11,412.0 | 11,010.0 | 10,863.0 | 10,749.0 | 10,716.0 | 10,671.0 | 10,439.0 | 9,887.0 | 9,127.0 | 8,342.0 | 7,869.0 | 7,886.0 | 8,009.0 | 7,935.0 | 7,618.0 | 7,151.0 | 6,798.0 | 6,570.0 | 6,318.0 | 6,055.0 | 6,034.0 | 5,818.0 | 5,745.0 | 5,675.0 | 5,477.0 | 5,515.0 | 5,508.0 | 5,233.0 | 4,802.0 | |
| Number of under-five deaths | 20,860.0 | 20,223.0 | 20,049.0 | 20,170.0 | 20,346.0 | 20,485.0 | 20,427.0 | 20,001.0 | 19,395.0 | 18,684.0 | 17,804.0 | 16,786.0 | 15,798.0 | 14,987.0 | 14,411.0 | 13,920.0 | 13,423.0 | 13,015.0 | 12,635.0 | 12,243.0 | 11,915.0 | 11,621.0 | 11,324.0 | 11,217.0 | 11,068.0 | 10,774.0 | 10,453.0 | 9,910.0 | 9,459.0 | 9,276.0 | 9,018.0 | 8,542.0 | |
| Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 2.1 | .. | 2.1 | .. | .. | .. | 0.8 | .. | .. | 0.4 | .. | .. | 0.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 4.2 | .. | .. | 2.6 | |
| Population, total | 30,336,441.0 | 30,811,980.0 | 31,291,762.0 | 31,780,532.0 | 32,270,948.0 | 32,755,901.0 | 33,230,294.0 | 33,693,527.0 | 34,152,717.0 | 34,613,491.0 | 35,070,020.0 | 35,513,793.0 | 35,947,791.0 | 36,372,860.0 | 36,794,682.0 | 37,213,984.0 | 37,624,825.0 | 38,029,349.0 | 38,424,282.0 | 38,815,916.0 | 39,216,789.0 | 39,622,115.0 | 40,016,763.0 | 40,424,148.0 | 40,854,831.0 | 41,288,694.0 | 41,730,660.0 | 42,161,721.0 | 42,582,455.0 | 43,024,071.0 | 43,477,012.0 | 43,900,313.0 | |
| Poverty gap at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (%) | .. | 1.0 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | 0.7 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 5.4 | 6.9 | 3.0 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | .. | 0.4 | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 1.3 | 1.5 | .. | .. | .. | 1.3 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 7.3 | 10.7 | 17.1 | 8.2 | 6.0 | 4.4 | 3.5 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.1 | .. | 1.3 | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 30.3 | |
| Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 95.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 97.5 | .. | .. | .. | 99.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 98.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
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