| | | | | |
| Population, total (millions) | 5,299.25 | 6,161.88 | 7,001.27 | 7,920.51 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 0.8 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) (thousands) | 139,734.3 | 139,766.1 | 140,001.3 | 140,490.2 | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 50.8 | 48.4 | 54.9 | 61.0 | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | 43.4 | 36.3 | 21.0 | 11.2 | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) (billions) | 22,539.13 | 33,899.37 | 65,840.98 | 96,583.84 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 4,253 | 5,501 | 9,404 | 12,194 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) (billions) | 29,509.21 | 49,263.67 | 90,230.28 | 156,320.63 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 5,569 | 7,995 | 12,888 | 19,736 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 65 | 68 | 71 | 71 | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.3 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.2 | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 75 | 66 | 52 | 40 | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 60 | 56 | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 62 | 69 | 83 | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 94 | 77 | 52 | 38 | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 20.9 | 16.4 | 12.7 | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 73 | 72 | 84 | 82 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 83 | 82 | 89 | 89 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 96.4 | 99.1 | 102.5 | 99.4 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 53 | 59 | 71 | 77 | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) (thousands) | 41,527.9 | 41,169.4 | 40,700.9 | 40,449.4 | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 11.1 | 14.7 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | .. | 9.2 | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.1 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 1.5 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 1,626 | 1,591 | 1,797 | 1,851 | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 2,093 | 2,332 | 2,889 | 3,428 | |
| GDP (current US$) (billions) | 22,922.75 | 33,898.16 | 66,811.19 | 98,140.48 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 2.7 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 6.4 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 7.9 | 5.2 | 4.2 | 4.6 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 5 | 3 | 4 | 4 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 32 | 28 | 28 | 27 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 19 | 23 | 28 | 29 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 19 | 23 | 28 | 28 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 26 | 24 | 25 | 27 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 22.5 | 25.5 | 22.4 | 24.1 | |
| Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP) | .. | -0.9 | -5.4 | -7.0 | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 14.2 | 16.1 | 13.3 | 14.4 | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.3 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.2 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.2 | 8.1 | 76.6 | 106.7 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (% of population) | .. | .. | 28.4 | 63.8 | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 21 | 22 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 30 | 39 | 46 | 46 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | 100 | 101 | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) (millions) | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Net migration (thousands) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) (millions) | 68,441 | 121,770 | 421,727 | 739,786 | |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions) | 239,421 | 1,569,450 | 1,843,804 | 2,523,190 | |
| Net official development assistance received (current US$) (millions) | 63,320.1 | 50,008.0 | 121,420.0 | 204,922.6 | |