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| Population, total | 277,371,697.0 | 312,909,691.0 | 337,404,564.0 | 340,465,163.0 | 343,447,854.0 | 346,242,415.0 | 349,116,140.0 | 351,870,848.0 | 354,755,155.0 | 357,583,083.0 | 360,527,592.0 | 363,217,262.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 25,269,644.0 | 25,272,584.0 | 25,472,064.0 | 25,472,064.0 | 25,472,064.0 | 25,472,064.0 | 25,472,064.0 | 25,476,300.0 | 25,476,300.0 | 25,476,300.0 | 25,476,300.0 | 25,476,300.0 | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 15.3 | 17.3 | 18.6 | 18.8 | 19.0 | 19.1 | 19.3 | 19.4 | 19.6 | 19.7 | 19.9 | 20.1 | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 6,580,812,301,612.7 | 10,850,185,329,887.8 | 16,435,667,828,468.2 | 16,157,448,419,123.3 | 16,734,526,917,914.1 | 17,413,455,138,351.2 | 18,317,357,814,954.8 | 18,907,435,236,363.3 | 19,607,017,864,251.2 | 19,855,674,376,435.1 | 20,048,245,814,996.1 | 20,819,907,766,066.5 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 23,725.6 | 34,675.1 | 48,712.0 | 47,457.0 | 48,725.1 | 50,292.7 | 52,467.8 | 53,734.0 | 55,269.2 | 55,527.4 | 55,608.1 | 57,320.8 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 6,539,615,305,475.4 | 11,169,532,129,952.7 | 16,242,350,911,257.4 | 15,917,288,891,179.4 | 16,596,096,467,930.3 | 17,246,080,343,336.7 | 17,933,301,389,272.0 | 18,646,131,196,894.8 | 19,443,240,908,165.0 | 20,090,559,016,894.5 | 20,699,117,795,917.6 | 21,654,029,826,105.8 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 23,577.1 | 35,695.7 | 48,139.1 | 46,751.6 | 48,322.0 | 49,809.3 | 51,367.7 | 52,991.4 | 54,807.5 | 56,184.3 | 57,413.4 | 59,617.3 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 75.4 | 76.9 | 78.3 | 78.7 | 78.8 | 78.9 | 79.0 | 79.0 | 79.1 | 79.0 | 78.9 | 78.9 | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 57.8 | 44.6 | 37.6 | 35.9 | 32.8 | 29.9 | 27.8 | 25.1 | 22.9 | 20.9 | 19.1 | 17.5 | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 70.7 | 73.6 | .. | .. | 76.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 99.2 | 99.4 | .. | .. | 99.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 11.0 | 8.3 | 7.5 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.0 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.5 | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 89.9 | 91.4 | 92.1 | 90.1 | 91.8 | 91.7 | 90.8 | 91.8 | 91.8 | 91.7 | 91.7 | 90.9 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 100.0 | 99.4 | 99.3 | 99.3 | 99.2 | 99.1 | 99.1 | 99.0 | 98.9 | 98.9 | 98.8 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | .. | 100.6 | 102.8 | 102.0 | 101.3 | 100.6 | 100.1 | 99.4 | 99.7 | 100.3 | 101.1 | 101.5 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 94.8 | 95.6 | 95.9 | 96.1 | 96.3 | 97.3 | 97.5 | 98.2 | 98.9 | 99.9 | 100.1 | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 6,507,239.3 | 6,513,389.7 | 6,551,023.6 | 6,555,727.9 | 6,560,432.1 | 6,562,769.1 | 6,565,106.1 | 6,567,443.1 | 6,569,780.1 | 6,572,117.1 | 6,571,720.4 | 6,568,350.5 | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 10.0 | 9.2 | 13.5 | 16.9 | 17.0 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 8.4 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.5 | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 7,666.7 | 8,071.8 | 7,545.3 | 7,116.9 | 7,211.9 | 7,079.7 | 6,901.7 | 6,966.2 | 7,002.0 | 6,879.6 | 6,791.8 | 6,750.3 | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 12,160.4 | 13,982.3 | 14,029.9 | 13,250.0 | 13,674.3 | 13,569.5 | 13,260.9 | 13,327.2 | 13,314.3 | 13,129.5 | 13,102.1 | 12,893.3 | |
| GDP (current US$) | 6,560,811,991,361.0 | 10,999,201,631,931.6 | 16,329,827,601,721.7 | 15,859,346,076,157.3 | 16,672,942,337,486.3 | 17,399,367,444,174.5 | 18,088,716,899,521.6 | 18,696,254,170,835.0 | 19,362,844,040,439.9 | 19,769,184,098,217.1 | 20,230,005,494,907.4 | 21,133,744,509,244.1 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 1.7 | 4.2 | 0.2 | -2.6 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 1.8 | 2.5 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 3.7 | 2.3 | 4.0 | 0.6 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.7 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | .. | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | 22.9 | 21.6 | 19.8 | 20.0 | 20.2 | 19.9 | 20.0 | 20.1 | 19.0 | 18.4 | 18.9 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 10.7 | 13.0 | 14.5 | 12.5 | 14.0 | 15.3 | 15.3 | 15.3 | 15.3 | 14.0 | 13.4 | 13.8 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 11.9 | 16.0 | 18.9 | 15.2 | 17.4 | 18.8 | 18.6 | 18.0 | 18.0 | 16.8 | 16.1 | 16.5 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 21.5 | 23.5 | 21.3 | 18.1 | 19.1 | 19.6 | 20.4 | 20.9 | 21.3 | 21.7 | 21.1 | 21.5 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 18.3 | 20.6 | 17.7 | 15.8 | 16.4 | 16.7 | 16.8 | 18.6 | 18.8 | 19.0 | 18.6 | 19.2 | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | 141.5 | 186.1 | 214.1 | 222.1 | 218.0 | 219.3 | 221.1 | 230.2 | 232.6 | 231.3 | 236.7 | 246.0 | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 10.8 | 13.1 | 10.5 | 8.3 | 8.8 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 10.6 | 11.0 | 11.3 | 11.1 | 11.7 | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 5.3 | 3.0 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.1 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 2.1 | 37.8 | 83.6 | 87.1 | 90.1 | 93.1 | 94.7 | 95.7 | 98.3 | 99.9 | 100.9 | 100.8 | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 25.4 | 23.1 | 21.2 | 19.4 | 19.3 | 19.3 | 19.4 | 20.2 | 21.0 | 18.4 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 17.7 | 23.3 | 26.5 | 20.9 | 24.2 | 26.8 | 26.6 | 25.9 | 25.7 | 23.6 | 22.3 | 22.8 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Net migration | 1,266,215.0 | 1,450,069.0 | 1,654,956.0 | 1,631,767.0 | 1,819,621.0 | 1,850,912.0 | 1,875,518.0 | 1,903,573.0 | 1,865,383.0 | 1,946,342.0 | 2,218,584.0 | 2,237,644.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 1,170,000,000.0 | 4,949,559,608.3 | 8,054,192,064.3 | 8,282,511,676.8 | 8,390,573,550.9 | 8,506,636,419.2 | 8,748,376,016.8 | 9,174,425,003.9 | 9,189,987,399.1 | 9,297,646,939.6 | 9,065,268,190.2 | 9,121,140,785.4 | |
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