| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gross enrolment ratio for tertiary education, both sexes (%) | 4,030.8 | 4,192.1 | 4,662.1 | 4,812.9 | 4,997.6 | 5,028.3 | 5,267.6 | 5,623.7 | 5,953.6 | 6,217.6 | 6,292.5 | 6,551.3 | 6,711.3 | 6,624.1 | 7,019.9 | 7,195.2 | 7,477.5 | 7,384.6 | 7,297.7 | 3,288.4 | 16.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Percentage of enrolment in tertiary education in private institutions (%) | 1,691.5 | 2,037.8 | 2,353.8 | 2,334.9 | 2,479.3 | 2,397.6 | 2,408.9 | 2,803.0 | 3,363.9 | 3,690.8 | 3,814.9 | 3,770.7 | 3,876.4 | 3,568.3 | 3,890.1 | 4,159.9 | 4,024.2 | 3,990.3 | 3,521.8 | 1,302.7 | 83.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Gross attendance ratio for tertiary education, both sexes (%) | 346.0 | 429.5 | 407.9 | 538.9 | 566.2 | 667.3 | 941.1 | 621.9 | 686.9 | 952.1 | 721.0 | 1,151.3 | 1,256.5 | 1,109.5 | 1,344.0 | 1,033.5 | 1,129.3 | 1,121.0 | 1,187.4 | 28.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Enrolment in tertiary education, all programmes, both sexes (number) | 918,261,292.1 | 995,760,525.9 | 1,093,071,726.3 | 1,179,608,330.7 | 1,254,963,260.0 | 1,326,786,248.8 | 1,405,214,353.7 | 1,497,091,556.4 | 1,593,081,960.9 | 1,677,756,328.7 | 1,758,969,275.1 | 1,871,825,333.3 | 1,938,304,361.2 | 1,971,071,600.1 | 2,131,075,785.8 | 2,174,331,859.8 | 2,214,544,971.1 | 2,239,673,570.5 | 2,246,721,553.4 | 2,142,060,169.8 | 13,201.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 5 programmes, both sexes (number) | 195,539,568.4 | 211,237,320.7 | 236,211,887.0 | 265,455,006.5 | 285,968,401.2 | 300,202,497.8 | 318,732,335.7 | 330,008,740.2 | 342,533,170.3 | 362,131,904.7 | 383,400,743.8 | 395,127,902.0 | 401,874,697.2 | 371,447,656.7 | 424,813,295.4 | 432,636,685.1 | 429,684,362.2 | 429,117,438.6 | 431,120,868.8 | 416,113,268.0 | 1,574.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 6 programmes, both sexes (number) | 279,847.0 | 289,221.0 | 308,419.0 | 351,894.0 | 10,183,841.8 | 10,188,317.3 | 10,371,487.6 | 11,488,405.3 | 11,741,984.0 | 12,119,305.0 | 16,139,088.1 | 96,452,997.8 | 1,155,818,870.5 | 1,321,483,336.6 | 1,434,454,554.5 | 1,482,817,964.3 | 1,521,969,283.0 | 1,549,422,653.4 | 1,547,773,916.8 | 1,468,748,537.7 | 10,918.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 7 programmes, both sexes (number) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 2,276,649.1 | 2,278,976.7 | 2,360,373.2 | 2,401,397.1 | 2,486,187.3 | 2,578,457.8 | 2,894,896.2 | 24,117,922.4 | 215,438,595.4 | 234,519,602.5 | 235,241,841.0 | 228,069,331.0 | 228,438,900.1 | 232,961,877.7 | 234,813,865.2 | 221,538,529.4 | 676.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 8 programmes, both sexes (number) | 13,121,258.3 | 13,966,657.3 | 15,083,567.4 | 16,334,561.7 | 17,807,812.6 | 18,300,148.7 | 18,521,862.2 | 18,838,807.7 | 19,576,054.3 | 20,373,703.3 | 21,428,554.0 | 22,572,434.8 | 23,052,239.5 | 23,915,503.8 | 25,066,225.4 | 25,751,062.2 | 27,309,471.1 | 27,833,161.2 | 28,593,690.9 | 26,623,698.0 | 33.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Gross graduation ratio from first degree programmes (ISCED 6 and 7) in tertiary education, both sexes (%) | 1,038.9 | 1,275.3 | 1,418.2 | 1,465.8 | 1,596.3 | 1,770.4 | 1,841.4 | 1,822.7 | 1,945.1 | 2,174.9 | 1,945.6 | 2,097.1 | 2,078.4 | 2,144.0 | 2,239.7 | 2,168.5 | 2,036.6 | 2,306.1 | 2,309.0 | 662.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Percentage of graduates from programmes other than Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics in tertiary education, both sexes (%) | 4,135.4 | 4,125.5 | 4,258.4 | 3,638.7 | 4,202.7 | 4,225.0 | 3,922.1 | 4,806.3 | 5,051.5 | 5,115.9 | 5,187.5 | 4,852.7 | 4,785.7 | 2,829.7 | 3,808.5 | 7,113.2 | 7,316.1 | 6,698.3 | 6,454.9 | 2,658.1 | 100.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Percentage of graduates from Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics programmes in tertiary education, both sexes (%) | 1,103.9 | 1,017.5 | 1,095.2 | 1,012.5 | 1,159.7 | 1,116.7 | 1,074.4 | 1,335.6 | 1,303.6 | 1,428.9 | 1,374.0 | 1,403.9 | 1,299.6 | 840.0 | 1,050.7 | 1,962.2 | 2,044.6 | 1,823.7 | 1,903.9 | 700.9 | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Percentage of graduates from tertiary education graduating from Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries and Veterinary programmes, both sexes (%) | 161.1 | 141.3 | 128.6 | 104.0 | 133.8 | 136.5 | 95.7 | 123.9 | 107.7 | 109.1 | 119.8 | 96.4 | 111.9 | 60.1 | 86.8 | 171.7 | 199.2 | 171.7 | 165.5 | 66.2 | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Percentage of graduates from tertiary education graduating from Arts and Humanities programmes, both sexes (%) | 566.6 | 538.5 | 449.0 | 386.9 | 552.6 | 507.0 | 491.3 | 568.5 | 562.5 | 639.4 | 628.1 | 603.2 | 585.1 | 368.1 | 434.8 | 847.7 | 873.5 | 747.0 | 773.3 | 338.4 | 6.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Percentage of graduates from tertiary education graduating from Business, Administration and Law programmes, both sexes (%) | 1,326.0 | 1,451.0 | 1,510.2 | 1,388.5 | 1,476.8 | 1,576.6 | 1,524.1 | 1,837.5 | 1,946.9 | 2,002.0 | 1,909.7 | 1,960.3 | 1,775.8 | 982.4 | 1,407.7 | 2,679.4 | 2,720.9 | 2,521.9 | 2,428.9 | 1,040.1 | 81.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Percentage of graduates from tertiary education graduating from Engineering, Manufacturing and Construction programmes, both sexes (%) | 667.5 | 627.2 | 654.6 | 603.8 | 659.5 | 667.2 | 622.5 | 844.6 | 746.1 | 831.3 | 815.4 | 846.0 | 822.0 | 521.7 | 626.6 | 1,098.9 | 1,177.6 | 1,032.0 | 1,094.7 | 378.6 | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Percentage of graduates from tertiary education graduating from Information and Communication Technologies programmes, both sexes (%) | 160.8 | 149.7 | 209.3 | 221.0 | 237.2 | 214.2 | 224.3 | 233.7 | 297.8 | 300.4 | 269.9 | 291.7 | 242.9 | 130.7 | 181.7 | 408.5 | 401.2 | 394.1 | 375.6 | 165.8 | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Percentage of graduates from tertiary education graduating from programmes in unspecified fields, both sexes (%) | 60.7 | 57.1 | 146.4 | 48.8 | 37.6 | 58.3 | 103.5 | 58.0 | 44.8 | 55.2 | 38.5 | 43.4 | 114.6 | 30.3 | 40.8 | 124.6 | 139.3 | 78.0 | 41.2 | 40.9 | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Percentage of graduates from tertiary education graduating from Social Sciences, Journalism and Information programmes, both sexes (%) | 355.7 | 329.2 | 395.8 | 278.9 | 392.4 | 372.9 | 403.0 | 491.3 | 601.0 | 517.1 | 601.2 | 537.1 | 462.6 | 379.5 | 485.6 | 799.0 | 893.5 | 799.6 | 718.3 | 296.3 | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Percentage of graduates from tertiary education graduating from Services programmes, both sexes (%) | 136.0 | 147.8 | 169.7 | 152.3 | 151.2 | 175.7 | 166.0 | 237.5 | 251.1 | 258.7 | 242.6 | 232.7 | 247.7 | 163.3 | 205.4 | 362.5 | 355.4 | 347.4 | 346.1 | 142.6 | 5.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Percentage of graduates from tertiary education graduating from Health and Welfare programmes, both sexes (%) | 645.0 | 595.6 | 669.9 | 534.6 | 574.4 | 587.2 | 551.9 | 703.6 | 714.2 | 760.5 | 766.5 | 665.1 | 672.7 | 503.5 | 633.0 | 1,062.9 | 1,113.9 | 1,024.0 | 1,052.3 | 349.8 | 7.1 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Percentage of graduates from tertiary education graduating from Education programmes, both sexes (%) | 945.0 | 922.1 | 935.2 | 793.7 | 921.6 | 869.1 | 690.1 | 844.0 | 868.1 | 829.1 | 919.6 | 757.9 | 930.0 | 372.8 | 555.2 | 1,189.8 | 1,159.8 | 1,086.6 | 970.5 | 424.8 | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Percentage of graduates from tertiary education graduating from Natural Sciences, Mathematics and Statistics programmes, both sexes (%) | 275.7 | 240.6 | 231.3 | 187.6 | 263.0 | 235.3 | 227.5 | 257.3 | 259.8 | 297.3 | 288.7 | 266.2 | 234.7 | 187.6 | 242.3 | 454.8 | 465.8 | 397.6 | 433.6 | 156.5 | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| School life expectancy, tertiary, both sexes (years) | 200.6 | 209.4 | 231.4 | 237.9 | 246.9 | 249.6 | 260.1 | 278.1 | 296.3 | 309.0 | 315.2 | 326.5 | 335.8 | 331.0 | 350.9 | 362.1 | 371.4 | 366.6 | 353.5 | 159.9 | 0.8 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Inbound mobility rate, both sexes (%) | 301.7 | 381.8 | 387.0 | 439.5 | 511.3 | 408.1 | 581.3 | 567.7 | 676.7 | 698.2 | 677.4 | 723.4 | 786.2 | 618.9 | 871.4 | 1,029.0 | 1,040.9 | 984.6 | 1,099.4 | 373.4 | 24.7 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Net flow of internationally mobile students (inbound - outbound), both sexes (number) | 618,423.0 | 587,829.0 | 743,390.0 | 814,295.0 | 844,670.0 | 942,222.0 | 548,759.0 | 778,118.0 | 854,616.3 | 889,629.0 | 912,469.0 | 803,378.0 | 831,861.0 | 869,184.1 | 1,019,789.3 | 1,121,304.4 | 1,265,425.8 | 1,272,728.1 | 1,373,238.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Net flow ratio of internationally mobile students (inbound - outbound), both sexes (%) | -1,139.2 | -648.4 | -741.4 | -2,349.5 | -413.7 | -388.5 | -909.5 | -415.8 | -13,036.5 | -586.9 | -639.6 | -844.0 | -1,007.4 | -589.8 | -500.3 | -635.7 | -456.3 | -784.2 | -715.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Outbound mobility ratio, all regions, both sexes (%) | 3,705.3 | 2,869.7 | 2,914.3 | 5,253.7 | 2,876.9 | 2,553.2 | 2,462.7 | 1,969.1 | 15,240.2 | 1,948.4 | 6,637.2 | 1,998.1 | 2,592.4 | 1,736.2 | 2,003.7 | 2,068.3 | 1,766.2 | 1,985.0 | 2,189.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Total inbound internationally mobile students, both sexes (number) | 14,712,305.3 | 15,443,335.1 | 17,892,992.7 | 19,373,541.8 | 19,956,080.9 | 20,872,306.4 | 21,746,859.7 | 23,549,148.4 | 25,777,494.0 | 27,351,906.3 | 29,265,465.7 | 31,119,359.3 | 31,715,052.7 | 32,831,528.7 | 35,254,884.2 | 37,687,307.7 | 40,551,948.9 | 42,200,200.4 | 43,561,235.9 | 727,431.0 | 235.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Total outbound internationally mobile tertiary students studying abroad, all countries, both sexes (number) | 18,628,405.7 | 19,583,324.1 | 22,054,857.9 | 24,244,192.7 | 24,591,499.4 | 25,909,781.8 | 26,830,915.9 | 28,587,989.6 | 30,791,593.4 | 32,956,502.1 | 34,983,955.0 | 37,258,211.5 | 37,708,553.0 | 39,169,260.6 | 42,387,176.1 | 45,353,784.9 | 48,537,238.7 | 50,654,620.5 | 52,850,453.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| End month of the academic school year (tertiary education) | 1,459.0 | 1,460.0 | 1,465.0 | 1,454.0 | 1,460.0 | 1,461.0 | 1,484.0 | 1,514.0 | 1,505.0 | 1,479.0 | 1,464.0 | 1,307.0 | 1,285.0 | 1,292.0 | 1,529.0 | 1,207.0 | 1,056.0 | 1,051.0 | 960.0 | 385.0 | 15.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Start month of the academic school year (tertiary education) | 1,549.0 | 1,552.0 | 1,551.0 | 1,551.0 | 1,544.0 | 1,533.0 | 1,529.0 | 1,538.0 | 1,515.0 | 1,495.0 | 1,440.0 | 1,321.0 | 1,310.0 | 1,248.0 | 1,411.0 | 1,140.0 | 1,037.0 | 1,030.0 | 957.0 | 414.0 | 17.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| End of the academic school year (tertiary education) | 410,007.0 | 410,211.0 | 410,415.0 | 410,619.0 | 410,823.0 | 411,028.0 | 411,231.0 | 415,449.0 | 411,642.0 | 407,828.0 | 404,011.0 | 361,979.0 | 354,112.0 | 346,235.0 | 410,854.0 | 324,415.0 | 286,272.0 | 282,382.0 | 258,306.0 | 109,026.0 | 4,040.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Start of the academic school year (tertiary education) | 409,839.0 | 410,043.0 | 410,247.0 | 410,451.0 | 410,656.0 | 410,861.0 | 411,065.0 | 415,282.0 | 411,478.0 | 407,665.0 | 403,851.0 | 361,832.0 | 353,967.0 | 346,098.0 | 410,694.0 | 324,286.0 | 286,156.0 | 282,266.0 | 258,196.0 | 108,978.0 | 4,038.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Teachers in tertiary education ISCED 5 programmes, both sexes (number) | 294,293.0 | 339,638.0 | 217,513.0 | 404,412.0 | 393,814.0 | 442,434.6 | 579,641.0 | 170,130.0 | 374,158.0 | 355,787.0 | 418,374.0 | 452,989.3 | 703,046.0 | 416,256.9 | 432,355.4 | 673,931.1 | 618,752.3 | 602,924.3 | 250,237.6 | 72,995.0 | 62.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Teachers in tertiary education ISCED 6, 7 and 8 programmes, both sexes (number) | 653,805.0 | 689,080.0 | 596,676.0 | 817,365.0 | 931,193.0 | 1,043,433.0 | 1,182,838.0 | 642,125.0 | 1,379,440.0 | 1,314,981.0 | 1,483,019.0 | 1,697,228.5 | 2,001,706.0 | 3,687,051.2 | 4,197,075.9 | 4,257,136.4 | 3,714,815.8 | 4,296,747.6 | 3,982,850.8 | 1,842,634.0 | 43.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Teachers in tertiary education programmes, both sexes (number) | 59,913,730.9 | 62,910,614.4 | 67,324,069.2 | 70,431,937.7 | 75,505,680.1 | 83,138,535.8 | 85,256,966.5 | 90,721,441.1 | 96,070,886.4 | 97,284,119.6 | 100,395,477.9 | 105,222,555.4 | 107,313,316.7 | 109,464,576.9 | 112,977,732.9 | 114,496,099.6 | 113,305,721.4 | 115,368,102.3 | 104,425,645.6 | 97,644,182.6 | 871.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| All staff compensation as % of total expenditure in tertiary public institutions (%) | 2,355.8 | 2,878.6 | 3,116.7 | 2,801.1 | 3,562.9 | 3,293.1 | 3,301.9 | 3,747.7 | 3,700.0 | 4,351.2 | 4,716.1 | 4,365.4 | 4,367.0 | 5,032.4 | 4,644.8 | 4,025.2 | 3,914.4 | 4,108.1 | 1,251.1 | 497.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Capital expenditure as % of total expenditure in tertiary public institutions (%) | 548.2 | 510.8 | 672.7 | 400.9 | 507.2 | 436.1 | 634.6 | 663.2 | 664.3 | 845.5 | 1,116.4 | 1,143.7 | 1,079.3 | 1,124.1 | 905.6 | 1,047.5 | 841.0 | 749.3 | 412.5 | 155.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Current expenditure as % of total expenditure in tertiary public institutions (%) | 4,203.2 | 4,244.6 | 5,468.0 | 4,157.3 | 5,337.2 | 5,113.3 | 5,604.7 | 6,092.3 | 6,980.2 | 7,756.5 | 9,017.7 | 8,482.1 | 9,028.6 | 9,116.8 | 8,308.9 | 7,211.8 | 7,059.0 | 6,550.7 | 2,387.5 | 1,044.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Current expenditure other than staff compensation as % of total expenditure in tertiary public institutions (%) | 1,074.7 | 1,135.0 | 1,232.5 | 1,008.5 | 1,272.8 | 1,156.0 | 1,424.9 | 1,476.1 | 1,558.2 | 2,019.3 | 1,981.9 | 2,359.2 | 2,419.7 | 2,764.1 | 2,757.9 | 2,368.7 | 2,709.6 | 2,250.8 | 939.5 | 546.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Government expenditure on tertiary education as % of GDP (%) | 61.7 | 68.8 | 75.1 | 62.2 | 78.2 | 79.7 | 79.2 | 76.9 | 84.9 | 101.5 | 100.8 | 95.0 | 93.8 | 110.1 | 97.4 | 88.5 | 86.5 | 81.5 | 27.4 | 1,186,159.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Government expenditure on tertiary education, constant US$ (millions) | 158,916.0 | 155,965.6 | 170,742.0 | 168,455.2 | 194,777.8 | 211,581.4 | 248,809.7 | 254,811.6 | 286,662.0 | 278,744.1 | 321,096.8 | 339,497.7 | 289,292.0 | 600,670.9 | 576,807.3 | 581,814.1 | 592,577.6 | 679,774.0 | 27,319.8 | 1,253,741,839.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Government expenditure on tertiary education, US$ (millions) | 106,654.3 | 105,850.1 | 115,126.6 | 129,628.6 | 159,624.0 | 184,751.3 | 230,762.9 | 259,005.1 | 312,487.3 | 293,227.8 | 339,594.2 | 389,209.2 | 331,990.2 | 650,551.9 | 611,394.4 | 578,632.1 | 576,688.6 | 679,764.6 | 28,619.2 | 1,274,362,981.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Initial government funding per tertiary student, constant PPP$ | 448,682.5 | 446,688.0 | 491,575.4 | 442,843.8 | 535,950.8 | 491,562.2 | 455,139.1 | 493,962.0 | 495,603.1 | 602,019.5 | 589,294.1 | 578,952.0 | 564,291.4 | 681,693.0 | 690,037.5 | 642,312.4 | 623,583.2 | 640,012.0 | 125,961.2 | 45,400.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Initial household funding per tertiary student, constant PPP$ | 36,495.0 | 39,561.3 | 47,842.7 | 47,315.9 | 53,453.5 | 45,977.6 | 51,164.3 | 63,529.7 | 54,587.2 | 58,120.3 | 74,848.8 | 69,331.8 | 76,660.5 | 89,703.3 | 81,748.1 | 72,249.4 | 80,005.1 | 69,733.4 | 19,191.5 | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Teaching staff compensation as a percentage of total expenditure in tertiary public institutions (%) | 501.3 | 720.5 | 752.5 | 988.1 | 1,051.9 | 943.7 | 929.7 | 1,241.3 | 1,268.3 | 1,539.9 | 1,903.9 | 1,708.6 | 1,910.1 | 2,047.0 | 1,788.2 | 1,957.9 | 1,879.5 | 1,787.0 | 595.3 | 366.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Government expenditure on tertiary education, constant PPP$ (millions) | 228,366.7 | 224,427.2 | 244,580.5 | 253,170.0 | 293,380.4 | 305,110.2 | 366,303.3 | 338,656.2 | 406,410.8 | 429,789.1 | 467,548.3 | 502,047.9 | 475,124.7 | 794,308.1 | 689,986.3 | 716,245.2 | 724,769.4 | 817,631.9 | 59,016.5 | 2,344,230,208.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Government expenditure on tertiary education, PPP$ (millions) | 156,194.9 | 154,938.3 | 172,409.7 | 182,419.7 | 218,760.3 | 232,774.9 | 297,615.3 | 287,482.4 | 344,349.4 | 387,558.1 | 420,056.2 | 459,437.0 | 445,837.8 | 759,268.7 | 661,628.1 | 690,452.6 | 710,608.2 | 817,593.0 | 60,190.6 | 2,441,386,496.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Initial government funding per tertiary student as a percentage of GDP per capita | 8,118.6 | 6,655.4 | 3,641.2 | 2,195.7 | 4,911.0 | 4,533.5 | 4,629.6 | 3,974.3 | 3,422.3 | 4,754.0 | 6,445.3 | 5,502.5 | 4,500.6 | 4,192.7 | 3,380.5 | 3,191.4 | 2,743.2 | 2,121.5 | 788.3 | 253.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Initial household funding per tertiary student as a percentage of GDP per capita | 337.5 | 636.1 | 955.5 | 589.7 | 788.8 | 653.1 | 743.1 | 849.1 | 460.5 | 949.1 | 920.5 | 851.1 | 954.9 | 555.8 | 433.7 | 404.4 | 295.7 | 259.5 | 97.3 | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
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