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| Population, total | 19,827,010.0 | 24,526,708.0 | 28,053,696.0 | 28,438,298.0 | 28,813,101.0 | 29,185,212.0 | 29,553,826.0 | 29,912,198.0 | 30,254,079.0 | 30,573,972.0 | 30,765,720.0 | 30,565,323.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.4 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.6 | -0.7 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 22.5 | 27.8 | 31.8 | 32.2 | 32.7 | 33.1 | 33.5 | 33.9 | 34.3 | 34.7 | 34.9 | 34.7 | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | 41.6 | 27.7 | 26.4 | 26.8 | 27.4 | 27.2 | 29.4 | 29.5 | 33.1 | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 51,629,556,341.5 | 99,641,789,234.6 | 259,688,296,097.1 | 291,084,305,452.7 | 335,736,862,409.2 | 345,800,622,427.1 | 368,691,707,539.1 | 308,890,500,628.0 | 253,642,406,740.3 | 161,556,025,849.9 | 113,089,537,829.6 | 90,164,779,433.0 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,600.0 | 4,060.0 | 9,260.0 | 10,240.0 | 11,650.0 | 11,850.0 | 12,480.0 | 10,330.0 | 8,380.0 | 5,280.0 | 3,680.0 | 2,950.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 228,476,026,801.9 | 345,064,516,486.0 | 602,758,619,643.5 | 582,922,153,227.7 | 578,612,441,633.9 | 608,356,697,545.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 11,520.0 | 14,070.0 | 21,490.0 | 20,500.0 | 20,080.0 | 20,840.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 71.0 | 72.4 | 72.6 | 72.8 | 73.1 | 73.1 | 73.1 | 73.1 | 72.8 | 73.0 | 72.0 | 71.9 | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.4 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 99.2 | 96.7 | 96.1 | 95.8 | 95.9 | 96.1 | 96.0 | 94.7 | 92.0 | 88.5 | 84.2 | 79.9 | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 75.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 94.0 | .. | .. | .. | 98.1 | 96.0 | 99.2 | 99.5 | 99.3 | 99.3 | 99.1 | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 29.6 | 21.5 | 17.2 | 17.1 | 17.2 | 17.4 | 17.6 | 17.9 | 18.3 | 19.1 | 24.2 | 24.2 | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | 6.7 | 3.9 | 3.2 | 2.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 61.0 | 84.0 | 93.0 | 87.0 | 79.0 | 86.0 | 87.0 | 85.0 | 89.0 | 92.0 | 88.0 | 96.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 76.9 | 82.7 | 93.2 | 92.9 | 91.5 | 92.9 | 95.1 | 94.2 | 95.1 | 94.3 | 92.3 | 88.7 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 103.6 | 99.9 | 101.0 | 101.2 | 100.7 | 100.7 | 100.8 | 101.2 | 100.3 | 99.9 | 97.5 | 95.1 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 53.4 | 59.1 | 79.9 | 80.8 | 80.7 | 81.7 | 83.8 | 91.5 | 90.8 | 88.8 | 85.1 | 84.0 | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 520,260.0 | 491,510.0 | 478,342.0 | 476,696.0 | 475,050.0 | 473,406.0 | 471,762.0 | 470,118.0 | 468,474.0 | 466,830.0 | 465,432.6 | 464,281.8 | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 36.9 | 36.9 | 36.9 | 36.9 | 36.9 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 0.9 | 1.1 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.9 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.7 | -0.6 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 1,997.6 | 2,391.4 | 2,346.0 | 2,231.8 | 2,621.2 | 2,309.9 | 2,310.8 | 2,529.2 | 2,173.6 | 2,098.5 | 2,009.1 | 1,933.2 | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 2,453.4 | 2,631.3 | 3,078.7 | 3,057.0 | 2,820.5 | 2,798.4 | 2,783.5 | 2,715.0 | 1,989.3 | 2,280.4 | 2,127.8 | 2,760.2 | |
| GDP (current US$) | 48,606,952,194.8 | 117,146,466,002.7 | 315,953,388,510.7 | 329,787,628,928.5 | 393,192,354,510.7 | 316,482,190,800.4 | 371,846,610,182.3 | 258,512,396,297.7 | 214,838,755,022.0 | 125,249,941,853.5 | 112,948,035,495.0 | 115,892,475,742.8 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 6.7 | 3.5 | 5.2 | -3.1 | -1.6 | 4.1 | 5.7 | 1.3 | -3.9 | -6.2 | -17.1 | -15.7 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 41.4 | 29.6 | 30.2 | 7.7 | 46.1 | 28.2 | 20.6 | 39.2 | 105.0 | 134.9 | 308.6 | 1,049.9 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 5.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 57.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 38.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 29.6 | 30.2 | 43.5 | 40.8 | 31.2 | 33.3 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 19.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 21.2 | 32.3 | 20.6 | 19.6 | 10.2 | 9.3 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 9.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 23.9 | 31.8 | 19.7 | 19.4 | 10.3 | 5.1 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | 37.4 | 14.9 | 20.2 | 25.9 | 22.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 2.2 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 22.2 | 97.7 | 98.9 | 96.8 | 98.6 | 103.4 | 103.3 | 100.9 | 95.2 | 89.7 | 80.1 | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 51.1 | 42.5 | 46.0 | 30.1 | 26.6 | 44.5 | 40.0 | 53.2 | 54.9 | 56.4 | 37.4 | 36.7 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | 175.3 | 127.6 | 151.7 | 182.3 | 184.1 | 180.4 | 169.6 | 100.0 | 83.9 | 98.3 | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Net migration | -69.0 | -1,999.0 | -43,636.0 | -50,286.0 | -52,781.0 | -54,384.0 | -55,131.0 | -57,818.0 | -62,437.0 | -77,417.0 | -283,270.0 | -817,376.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 1,000,000.0 | 17,000,000.0 | 137,000,000.0 | 132,000,000.0 | 143,000,000.0 | 138,000,000.0 | 118,000,000.0 | 120,000,000.0 | 128,000,000.0 | 161,000,000.0 | 279,000,000.0 | .. | |
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