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| Population, total | 1,054,696.0 | 1,455,084.0 | 1,715,275.0 | 1,765,774.0 | 1,817,852.0 | 1,871,422.0 | 1,926,630.0 | 1,983,784.0 | 2,043,094.0 | 2,103,820.0 | 2,164,528.0 | 2,224,529.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 4.2 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.7 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 11,300.0 | 11,300.0 | 11,300.0 | 11,300.0 | 11,300.0 | 11,300.0 | 11,300.0 | 11,300.0 | 11,300.0 | 11,300.0 | 11,300.0 | 11,300.0 | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 104.2 | 143.8 | 169.5 | 174.5 | 179.6 | 184.9 | 190.4 | 196.0 | 201.9 | 207.9 | 213.9 | 219.8 | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 48.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 48.6 | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 34.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 17.1 | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 292,371,831.1 | 821,353,700.9 | 1,023,447,545.9 | 1,146,597,766.0 | 1,368,407,502.4 | 1,529,142,881.7 | 1,594,476,328.5 | 1,398,703,726.1 | 1,450,724,871.2 | 1,433,029,442.7 | 1,306,587,878.3 | 1,302,539,892.5 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 280.0 | 560.0 | 600.0 | 650.0 | 750.0 | 820.0 | 830.0 | 710.0 | 710.0 | 680.0 | 600.0 | 590.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 1,401,331,103.7 | 2,388,674,518.4 | 3,233,082,503.9 | 3,434,320,607.0 | 3,733,969,146.9 | 3,995,538,159.7 | 4,282,709,649.3 | 4,002,461,735.1 | 4,131,377,697.8 | 4,130,762,560.6 | 4,086,929,952.0 | 4,321,340,159.0 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,330.0 | 1,640.0 | 1,880.0 | 1,940.0 | 2,050.0 | 2,140.0 | 2,220.0 | 2,020.0 | 2,020.0 | 1,960.0 | 1,890.0 | 1,940.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.4 | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 51.3 | 56.9 | 59.7 | 60.0 | 60.5 | 60.7 | 61.2 | 61.6 | 61.9 | 62.3 | 62.6 | 63.0 | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.2 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.0 | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 160.6 | 116.9 | 100.0 | 98.7 | 95.4 | 94.8 | 92.2 | 89.7 | 89.7 | 86.7 | 81.7 | 76.9 | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 11.8 | 9.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 13.3 | .. | .. | 9.0 | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 44.1 | 51.6 | 52.1 | .. | .. | .. | 56.1 | .. | .. | 57.2 | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 166.2 | 112.8 | 86.8 | 83.0 | 79.4 | 76.0 | 72.7 | 69.7 | 66.8 | 64.0 | 61.4 | 58.9 | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 15.4 | 15.8 | .. | .. | .. | 17.4 | .. | 17.9 | 16.5 | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 86.0 | 89.0 | 89.0 | 88.0 | 92.0 | 96.0 | 92.0 | 91.0 | 95.0 | 96.0 | 96.0 | 97.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 57.7 | 53.9 | 59.7 | 65.2 | .. | 61.2 | 58.4 | 60.3 | 61.7 | 62.2 | 62.8 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 50.6 | 71.0 | 71.5 | 74.0 | 73.6 | 73.4 | 73.5 | 72.2 | 75.5 | 77.5 | 80.7 | 83.7 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 15.0 | .. | .. | .. | 45.3 | 46.2 | 45.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.2 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 4,146.6 | 3,573.3 | 3,229.3 | 3,172.0 | 3,114.7 | 3,057.3 | 3,000.0 | 2,942.7 | 2,885.4 | 2,828.0 | 2,770.7 | 2,713.4 | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 1.7 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 5.8 | 5.9 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 3.8 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 58.6 | .. | 66.5 | 75.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 317,083,695.5 | 782,913,871.8 | 1,054,112,487.7 | 1,279,703,047.0 | 1,561,766,955.7 | 1,450,142,508.6 | 1,543,294,926.9 | 1,409,693,596.9 | 1,415,004,738.3 | 1,375,609,453.4 | 1,229,461,721.4 | 1,378,176,608.9 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 3.6 | 5.5 | -0.6 | 3.0 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 5.9 | -8.1 | 5.2 | 2.9 | -1.4 | 4.1 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 12.0 | 2.2 | 1.3 | 4.4 | 2.5 | 4.5 | 5.6 | 4.6 | 3.8 | 5.9 | 5.2 | 9.7 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 24.3 | 24.5 | 25.6 | 23.6 | 29.8 | 31.7 | 35.2 | 27.2 | 27.4 | 26.2 | 22.5 | 22.2 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 11.0 | 14.8 | 12.1 | 11.9 | 11.2 | 10.2 | 9.8 | 11.5 | 12.0 | 11.9 | 13.2 | 17.1 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 59.9 | 25.8 | 21.0 | 18.0 | 14.5 | 15.7 | 14.7 | 16.9 | 19.8 | 19.0 | 21.8 | 15.6 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 71.6 | 30.6 | 29.3 | 26.3 | 24.6 | 26.0 | 26.3 | 25.8 | 27.9 | 26.5 | 36.4 | 29.0 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 22.3 | 4.6 | 15.7 | 12.6 | 10.5 | 12.9 | 13.9 | 12.9 | 20.9 | 14.7 | 16.7 | 20.3 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 19.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 18.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 0.5 | .. | .. | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.0 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.4 | 23.6 | 45.3 | 64.1 | 70.2 | 76.7 | 70.6 | 74.7 | 87.9 | 105.5 | 122.1 | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 4.0 | 0.2 | 3.4 | 0.0 | 1.1 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 69.1 | 25.9 | 25.6 | 26.1 | 21.5 | 25.5 | 22.9 | 31.4 | 35.8 | 35.2 | 41.6 | 38.8 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 98.9 | 98.9 | 101.5 | 112.3 | 106.2 | 98.5 | 97.9 | 97.3 | 97.6 | 99.8 | 103.6 | 100.0 | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 369,107,805.3 | 490,135,711.9 | 709,322,151.4 | 690,822,190.6 | 391,243,687.5 | 531,073,521.2 | 543,809,679.3 | 515,906,627.0 | 565,576,213.2 | 582,880,967.8 | 558,419,261.5 | 586,005,734.1 | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 22.2 | .. | 14.7 | 13.4 | 5.4 | 6.9 | 9.0 | 10.7 | 9.7 | 11.6 | 17.9 | 18.6 | |
| Net migration | 11,242.0 | -3,670.0 | -2,666.0 | -2,320.0 | -2,204.0 | -2,259.0 | -2,456.0 | -2,360.0 | -2,332.0 | -2,476.0 | -2,793.0 | -3,224.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | .. | .. | 63,773,517.3 | 55,662,540.4 | 64,811,559.0 | 79,801,153.1 | 115,699,061.0 | 91,358,953.8 | 106,349,453.1 | 109,829,222.0 | 137,771,209.4 | 154,062,367.7 | |
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