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| Population, total | 521,314,712.0 | 681,125,107.0 | 846,656,872.0 | 870,347,292.0 | 894,666,657.0 | 919,528,126.0 | 944,970,310.0 | 971,232,906.0 | 997,961,037.0 | 1,025,251,114.0 | 1,052,824,144.0 | 1,080,941,647.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 24,273,011.0 | 24,273,011.0 | 24,308,998.5 | 24,309,010.8 | 24,309,005.5 | 24,309,251.0 | 24,328,317.7 | 24,328,285.5 | 24,328,272.0 | 24,328,325.6 | 24,328,312.9 | 24,328,307.2 | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 25.9 | 32.1 | 39.6 | 40.7 | 41.8 | 43.0 | 39.6 | 40.7 | 41.8 | 42.9 | 44.1 | 45.2 | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | 61.5 | 62.5 | 51.6 | 51.1 | 49.5 | 48.5 | 47.3 | 46.4 | 45.7 | 45.5 | 45.3 | 45.0 | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 388,984,455,456.9 | 448,338,808,112.9 | 1,167,138,634,437.1 | 1,232,577,622,782.1 | 1,325,014,095,855.2 | 1,441,957,400,515.7 | 1,607,071,515,989.5 | 1,728,601,869,781.8 | 1,829,869,137,794.5 | 1,773,230,785,188.8 | 1,634,804,458,898.8 | 1,575,871,209,670.8 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 746.2 | 658.2 | 1,378.5 | 1,416.2 | 1,481.0 | 1,568.1 | 1,700.7 | 1,779.8 | 1,833.6 | 1,729.6 | 1,552.8 | 1,457.9 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | .. | 1,566,957,552,628.7 | 2,795,680,356,438.7 | 2,921,353,785,298.8 | 3,122,745,495,004.6 | 3,335,427,837,266.6 | 3,459,203,772,289.5 | 3,696,008,116,427.0 | 4,026,967,675,565.6 | 4,151,915,799,075.9 | 4,304,055,240,229.7 | 4,550,458,931,345.4 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | .. | 2,300.5 | 3,302.0 | 3,356.5 | 3,490.4 | 3,627.3 | 3,660.6 | 3,805.5 | 4,035.2 | 4,049.7 | 4,088.1 | 4,209.7 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 50.0 | 51.6 | 55.9 | 56.4 | 57.1 | 57.5 | 58.2 | 58.7 | 59.0 | 59.4 | 59.8 | 60.2 | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.3 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.8 | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 137.6 | 128.4 | 119.8 | 118.4 | 117.3 | 117.2 | 115.6 | 114.3 | 112.8 | 109.4 | 105.9 | 103.0 | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 15.1 | 22.2 | .. | .. | 23.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 41.5 | .. | .. | 51.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 179.4 | 150.2 | 108.7 | 106.9 | 101.3 | 101.2 | 94.8 | 91.6 | 90.3 | 88.1 | 85.9 | 84.2 | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 24.9 | 21.5 | 21.1 | 20.7 | 20.3 | 19.9 | 19.5 | 19.2 | 18.8 | 18.4 | 18.1 | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 56.6 | 49.9 | 67.2 | 71.5 | 71.3 | 70.7 | 69.4 | 68.4 | 68.3 | 67.9 | 68.3 | 69.8 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 53.1 | 52.8 | 62.5 | 65.7 | 65.9 | 65.7 | 65.7 | 65.6 | 66.0 | 66.3 | 66.7 | 67.1 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 71.1 | 79.5 | 94.2 | 94.6 | 94.4 | 95.7 | 96.5 | 96.6 | 96.2 | 94.6 | 94.9 | 95.4 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 22.6 | 25.4 | 35.1 | 36.8 | 38.6 | 39.8 | 41.0 | 43.4 | 42.3 | 42.9 | 42.5 | 42.9 | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 2.7 | 5.1 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.8 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 6,828,285.8 | 6,722,525.4 | 6,459,972.7 | 6,427,153.6 | 6,394,334.5 | 6,356,931.0 | 6,588,424.3 | 6,549,278.4 | 6,510,132.4 | 6,470,986.5 | 6,430,836.9 | 6,391,509.3 | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 11.9 | 11.5 | 11.6 | 12.1 | 12.4 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.3 | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.6 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 537.4 | 498.7 | 519.3 | 515.1 | 511.9 | 525.6 | 509.9 | 512.6 | 516.5 | 502.1 | 503.9 | 493.6 | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 454.8 | 453.3 | 448.4 | 428.2 | 444.6 | 446.5 | 436.5 | 434.9 | 436.2 | 433.2 | 430.0 | 414.5 | |
| GDP (current US$) | 379,792,150,457.8 | 428,788,505,804.8 | 1,301,030,210,080.9 | 1,241,958,752,180.3 | 1,469,616,438,039.8 | 1,650,955,876,097.2 | 1,717,295,733,292.8 | 1,825,489,288,568.3 | 1,902,908,083,279.4 | 1,688,024,093,175.5 | 1,531,896,244,777.7 | 1,672,127,811,803.7 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 2.3 | 3.4 | 5.2 | 3.1 | 6.1 | 4.5 | 3.3 | 5.1 | 4.7 | 2.9 | 1.2 | 2.5 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 10.6 | 8.5 | 10.3 | 3.4 | 5.6 | 8.7 | 5.4 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 2.9 | 4.6 | 4.8 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 19.4 | 15.4 | 16.9 | 17.2 | 15.9 | 14.6 | 15.2 | 15.3 | 15.6 | 16.3 | 16.4 | 15.7 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 30.9 | 29.2 | 29.4 | 25.8 | 27.3 | 29.3 | 29.0 | 28.2 | 27.3 | 24.1 | 23.3 | 25.0 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 23.0 | 27.7 | 31.3 | 25.7 | 27.4 | 29.2 | 27.5 | 25.6 | 24.0 | 21.4 | 21.9 | 23.5 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 21.0 | 26.0 | 29.7 | 27.4 | 26.5 | 27.8 | 28.0 | 27.5 | 26.3 | 25.6 | 25.0 | 25.1 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 22.9 | 22.9 | 24.7 | 25.3 | 23.6 | 24.2 | 24.6 | 24.7 | 24.8 | 24.5 | 24.2 | 24.5 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.7 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 1.7 | 31.7 | 37.4 | 44.1 | 52.2 | 58.6 | 64.7 | 69.4 | 73.3 | 71.5 | 70.8 | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.2 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 5.5 | 5.6 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 33.6 | 41.6 | 52.2 | 43.0 | 46.0 | 51.6 | 50.0 | 46.9 | 45.4 | 40.3 | 38.9 | 38.9 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Net migration | -434,257.0 | -659,224.0 | -691,310.0 | -725,774.0 | -723,569.0 | -935,940.0 | -683,360.0 | -465,521.0 | -595,572.0 | -96,126.0 | -748,976.0 | 267,989.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 2,362,992,086.6 | 4,801,332,850.7 | 28,435,038,502.5 | 28,413,222,640.9 | 31,657,063,532.4 | 37,060,672,724.9 | 37,231,343,159.6 | 37,550,372,274.2 | 39,694,432,626.3 | 42,185,929,314.9 | 38,594,065,471.7 | 43,712,608,526.5 | |
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