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| Population, total | 40,746,268.0 | 47,159,719.0 | 49,998,277.0 | 50,528,584.0 | 51,114,599.0 | 51,728,516.0 | 52,344,051.0 | 52,995,205.0 | 53,782,567.0 | 54,678,791.0 | 55,594,838.0 | 56,723,537.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 2.0 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 33.6 | 38.9 | 41.2 | 41.7 | 42.1 | 42.6 | 43.1 | 43.7 | 44.3 | 45.1 | 45.8 | 46.8 | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 55.7 | .. | 45.8 | .. | .. | .. | 46.7 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 47.9 | .. | .. | 37.0 | .. | 27.8 | .. | .. | .. | 27.9 | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 115,173,365,121.5 | 153,695,251,448.7 | 306,082,389,745.4 | 325,532,419,201.1 | 331,752,085,523.8 | 328,521,148,816.5 | 352,431,397,157.2 | 403,730,300,450.4 | 442,087,804,037.9 | 433,470,554,625.5 | 401,843,048,335.1 | 365,987,571,936.8 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,830.0 | 3,260.0 | 6,120.0 | 6,440.0 | 6,490.0 | 6,350.0 | 6,730.0 | 7,620.0 | 8,220.0 | 7,930.0 | 7,230.0 | 6,450.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 251,255,820,417.1 | 373,787,910,084.4 | 552,983,065,000.0 | 590,847,185,625.2 | 622,113,835,904.8 | 621,517,039,620.0 | 648,599,592,042.7 | 680,230,630,915.2 | 680,963,469,478.6 | 713,352,409,326.5 | 724,269,722,141.3 | 742,544,241,132.5 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 6,170.0 | 7,930.0 | 11,060.0 | 11,690.0 | 12,170.0 | 12,010.0 | 12,390.0 | 12,840.0 | 12,660.0 | 13,050.0 | 13,030.0 | 13,090.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 3.1 | .. | .. | 2.6 | .. | 2.7 | .. | .. | .. | 2.8 | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 62.9 | 58.4 | 54.2 | 54.9 | 56.0 | 57.4 | 58.9 | 60.6 | 61.7 | 62.4 | 63.2 | 64.1 | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.7 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 94.8 | 67.4 | 48.9 | 46.5 | 55.7 | 57.1 | 53.6 | 57.2 | 59.7 | 64.6 | 70.2 | 68.0 | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 94.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 58.1 | 71.4 | 76.9 | 71.2 | 63.7 | 56.9 | 50.3 | 45.6 | 43.1 | 41.4 | 39.7 | 38.2 | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 9.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.7 | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 79.0 | 72.0 | 69.0 | 68.0 | 73.0 | 77.0 | 72.0 | 77.0 | 79.0 | 78.0 | 84.0 | 86.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 72.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 91.3 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 104.7 | 92.6 | 98.6 | 101.2 | 102.4 | 102.6 | 103.4 | 104.0 | 104.7 | 104.1 | 104.2 | 107.3 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 67.8 | 74.3 | 83.8 | 85.5 | 84.0 | 86.0 | 86.6 | 88.9 | 92.2 | .. | 101.2 | 104.6 | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 1.5 | 13.8 | 16.3 | 16.6 | 16.8 | 17.1 | 17.4 | 17.7 | 17.9 | 18.1 | 18.3 | 18.5 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 181,420.9 | 177,780.9 | 175,596.9 | 175,232.9 | 174,868.9 | 174,504.9 | 174,140.9 | 173,776.9 | 173,412.9 | 173,048.9 | 172,684.9 | 172,320.9 | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 9.8 | 10.6 | 11.7 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 29.7 | 28.4 | 31.3 | 31.7 | 32.2 | 32.7 | 33.2 | 33.6 | 34.1 | 31.9 | 36.8 | 41.7 | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.9 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2.1 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 2,238.6 | 2,269.4 | 2,398.0 | 2,576.8 | 2,738.1 | 2,735.0 | 2,518.4 | 2,536.4 | 2,394.4 | 2,341.2 | 2,438.7 | 2,257.2 | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 3,828.3 | 4,367.1 | 4,579.4 | 4,716.4 | 4,543.3 | 4,321.0 | 4,444.8 | 4,480.9 | 4,288.9 | 4,207.9 | 4,118.7 | 4,023.2 | |
| GDP (current US$) | 126,048,140,141.9 | 151,752,757,215.3 | 303,858,675,363.6 | 333,077,117,253.7 | 316,131,258,616.3 | 329,754,060,647.1 | 417,363,822,801.7 | 458,199,494,830.8 | 434,400,545,085.8 | 400,886,013,595.6 | 381,198,869,776.1 | 346,709,790,458.6 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | -0.3 | 4.2 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 3.2 | -1.5 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 15.4 | 9.2 | 6.1 | 8.2 | 7.9 | 8.7 | 6.1 | 5.5 | 4.7 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 5.5 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 3.8 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.2 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 35.6 | 28.2 | 24.9 | 25.3 | 26.9 | 25.7 | 25.3 | 24.8 | 24.5 | 24.6 | 24.3 | 23.7 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 21.5 | 24.4 | 26.1 | 28.0 | 32.3 | 25.0 | 25.8 | 27.7 | 27.1 | 28.4 | 29.0 | 27.7 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 16.7 | 21.8 | 27.7 | 29.2 | 33.7 | 24.6 | 24.6 | 26.9 | 28.4 | 30.5 | 30.5 | 29.0 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 18.2 | 15.1 | 18.5 | 19.3 | 21.3 | 18.8 | 17.6 | 18.9 | 18.6 | 19.2 | 18.5 | 18.6 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 23.4 | 23.1 | 26.9 | 27.3 | 26.9 | 25.0 | 25.5 | 26.0 | 26.5 | 27.4 | 28.9 | 29.6 | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | 86.9 | 133.5 | 170.5 | 171.4 | 150.8 | 153.0 | 152.8 | 144.1 | 152.5 | 152.6 | 156.0 | 150.2 | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 21.2 | 21.0 | 24.4 | 24.8 | 24.3 | 21.9 | 22.5 | 22.9 | 23.3 | 23.8 | 24.4 | 25.0 | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.9 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 17.7 | 79.3 | 83.7 | 88.0 | 89.8 | 96.2 | 120.8 | 127.2 | 140.6 | 142.6 | 155.1 | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | 6.0 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 7.4 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 33.3 | 39.3 | 45.1 | 47.5 | 57.7 | 41.2 | 45.1 | 50.9 | 52.2 | 55.5 | 56.4 | 53.5 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 74.9 | 71.8 | 84.6 | 87.3 | 89.4 | 95.1 | 101.4 | 105.0 | 104.3 | 98.7 | 97.5 | 100.0 | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | 26,668,247,021.2 | 57,947,017,293.2 | 72,812,055,811.5 | 74,280,629,524.8 | 84,384,689,913.6 | 115,330,364,542.4 | 124,146,392,176.7 | 147,970,332,050.0 | 141,651,073,880.4 | 149,329,312,096.2 | 127,752,573,028.5 | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | 10.2 | 9.0 | 4.6 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 5.1 | 8.6 | 11.2 | 8.6 | 26.0 | |
| Net migration | 259,718.0 | -136,794.0 | 33,159.0 | 36,339.0 | 36,869.0 | 41,528.0 | 68,563.0 | 65,166.0 | 264,091.0 | 232,230.0 | 272,697.0 | 641,150.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 135,594,375.6 | 324,663,747.1 | 691,930,201.0 | 792,351,190.6 | 783,693,527.8 | 862,051,631.1 | 1,069,571,380.6 | 1,158,421,806.4 | 1,084,534,306.3 | 970,655,337.2 | 913,403,103.7 | 825,253,479.9 | |
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