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Population, total | 1,141,312,704.0 | 1,406,945,493.0 | 1,754,030,304.0 | 1,775,545,180.0 | 1,797,072,648.0 | 1,818,931,519.0 | 1,840,534,093.0 | 1,861,598,514.0 | 1,882,531,620.0 | 1,901,911,604.0 | 1,919,348,000.0 | .. | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.3 | 2.0 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | .. | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 5,144,770.0 | 5,137,847.0 | 5,135,334.0 | 5,135,334.0 | 5,135,334.0 | 5,135,681.0 | 5,135,270.0 | 5,135,270.0 | 5,135,270.0 | 5,135,270.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 238.8 | 294.8 | 367.6 | 372.2 | 376.7 | 381.3 | 385.8 | 390.3 | 394.7 | 398.7 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | 50.0 | .. | 17.9 | 16.6 | 15.8 | 12.6 | 10.1 | 10.6 | 13.0 | 11.5 | 9.7 | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 425,083,461,159.0 | 622,461,607,525.2 | 2,588,769,885,236.7 | 2,699,849,096,830.0 | 2,907,018,977,270.8 | 3,172,894,568,122.2 | 3,548,953,012,430.3 | 3,749,640,306,965.6 | 3,511,491,525,963.6 | 3,944,703,410,511.7 | 4,382,474,131,193.9 | .. | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 372.5 | 442.4 | 1,475.9 | 1,520.6 | 1,617.6 | 1,744.4 | 1,928.2 | 2,014.2 | 1,865.3 | 2,074.1 | 2,283.3 | .. | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 1,425,909,259,050.5 | 2,923,770,772,207.8 | 8,664,988,079,051.8 | 9,148,527,386,263.6 | 9,841,034,225,523.1 | 10,514,468,007,278.1 | 11,455,577,179,694.8 | 12,132,913,420,526.5 | 11,693,695,802,364.1 | 13,177,341,571,298.3 | 15,016,206,688,184.8 | .. | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,249.4 | 2,078.1 | 4,940.0 | 5,152.5 | 5,476.1 | 5,780.6 | 6,224.1 | 6,517.5 | 6,211.7 | 6,928.5 | 7,823.6 | .. | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 58.6 | 62.9 | 68.6 | 69.1 | 69.6 | 70.0 | 70.3 | 70.5 | 69.7 | 67.6 | .. | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.3 | 3.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | .. | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 124.5 | 102.7 | 43.9 | 34.4 | 32.5 | 32.0 | 31.0 | 29.7 | 29.1 | 28.9 | .. | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 40.8 | 45.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 61.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 36.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 81.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 130.2 | 93.4 | 51.7 | 49.2 | 46.8 | 44.6 | 42.5 | 40.6 | 38.8 | 37.1 | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 42.8 | 31.6 | 30.9 | 30.2 | 29.4 | 28.7 | 28.0 | 27.4 | 26.7 | 26.0 | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 56.0 | 57.9 | 82.8 | 85.1 | 85.8 | 87.5 | 90.2 | 91.6 | 87.8 | 87.4 | 91.7 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 62.5 | 67.5 | 87.1 | 87.9 | 87.9 | 87.8 | 87.1 | 86.2 | 87.3 | 88.3 | 99.2 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 85.6 | 88.5 | 103.3 | 104.2 | 109.5 | 108.2 | 97.5 | 96.9 | 98.1 | 99.1 | 105.1 | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 35.3 | 42.3 | 65.6 | 65.8 | 67.4 | 66.2 | 67.6 | 67.7 | 69.4 | 71.4 | 71.8 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | .. | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 825,834.3 | 857,850.3 | 884,190.9 | 886,592.9 | 888,601.5 | 891,070.5 | 893,309.3 | 895,548.1 | 897,786.9 | 900,025.7 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 6.0 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 46.5 | 46.6 | 46.7 | 46.7 | 46.4 | 45.6 | 46.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.4 | 2.9 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | .. | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 329.7 | 389.2 | 565.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.3 | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 244.2 | 351.8 | 694.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 406,989,688,413.1 | 647,686,504,213.6 | 2,614,764,107,326.6 | 2,733,399,604,483.0 | 3,010,885,154,564.8 | 3,433,943,646,490.5 | 3,534,083,235,323.9 | 3,658,216,510,053.3 | 3,489,923,527,067.7 | 4,062,850,047,299.4 | 4,390,347,563,465.9 | .. | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 5.4 | 4.1 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 7.8 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 3.9 | -4.6 | 8.3 | 6.5 | .. | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 8.6 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 7.2 | 7.8 | .. | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 27.7 | 22.5 | 17.2 | 16.7 | 16.6 | 16.6 | 16.1 | 16.5 | 18.0 | 17.1 | 16.6 | .. | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 26.2 | 25.3 | 26.8 | 26.4 | 26.0 | 26.0 | 26.0 | 24.9 | 25.2 | 26.1 | 26.0 | .. | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 8.3 | 13.2 | 21.2 | 18.4 | 17.4 | 17.1 | 18.0 | 17.2 | 16.7 | 19.0 | 20.5 | .. | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 11.0 | 15.3 | 25.6 | 22.2 | 20.6 | 21.6 | 23.5 | 21.4 | 19.1 | 23.2 | 25.9 | .. | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 26.0 | 24.7 | 31.9 | 30.2 | 28.9 | 29.9 | 31.1 | 29.3 | 28.0 | 30.0 | 30.1 | .. | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 12.7 | 11.8 | 11.5 | 12.2 | 12.6 | 12.4 | 12.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 17.3 | 16.5 | 16.2 | 16.1 | 14.1 | 14.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 10.3 | 8.9 | 9.9 | 10.5 | 10.9 | 11.1 | 11.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.3 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.3 | 72.5 | 75.0 | 82.4 | 85.4 | 86.1 | 84.5 | 84.9 | 85.2 | 83.8 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 8.7 | 6.8 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 8.6 | 9.5 | 10.3 | 9.6 | 11.7 | .. | |
Statistical Capacity Score (Overall Average) (scale 0 - 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 16.2 | 22.3 | 37.5 | 31.2 | 27.3 | 28.3 | 30.7 | 28.4 | 24.4 | 30.9 | 33.7 | .. | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 124,082,387,383.7 | 162,380,815,649.8 | 608,854,968,232.4 | 639,966,111,262.4 | 629,299,669,511.5 | 718,356,534,655.4 | 744,483,390,668.2 | 804,339,009,830.0 | 831,099,279,937.9 | 912,615,025,919.1 | 919,016,250,353.6 | .. | |
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