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| Population, total | 26,110,207.0 | 34,260,139.0 | 52,020,962.0 | 53,824,013.0 | 55,652,890.0 | 57,437,145.0 | 59,174,891.0 | 60,972,798.0 | 62,830,412.0 | 64,711,821.0 | 66,617,606.0 | 68,560,157.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.6 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 947,300.0 | 947,300.0 | 947,300.0 | 947,300.0 | 947,300.0 | 947,300.0 | 947,300.0 | 947,300.0 | 947,300.0 | 947,300.0 | 947,300.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 29.5 | 38.7 | 58.7 | 60.8 | 62.8 | 64.8 | 66.8 | 68.8 | 70.9 | 73.1 | 75.2 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | 35.6 | .. | .. | 26.4 | 26.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 86.9 | .. | .. | .. | 51.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 7,122,417,482.5 | 13,172,167,840.2 | 49,153,890,681.0 | 50,244,433,860.4 | 51,712,128,245.4 | 56,498,996,263.9 | 60,303,636,556.3 | 62,810,675,650.6 | 69,029,492,270.3 | 75,844,551,362.7 | 79,081,600,678.6 | 80,245,250,315.0 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 280.0 | 400.0 | 970.0 | 960.0 | 960.0 | 1,010.0 | 1,050.0 | 1,060.0 | 1,130.0 | 1,210.0 | 1,220.0 | 1,210.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 22,783,125,783.0 | 38,402,368,619.7 | 115,192,473,381.2 | 124,715,501,759.4 | 131,156,681,477.8 | 150,284,540,045.9 | 168,294,388,191.9 | 190,837,864,398.2 | 209,201,578,564.0 | 233,985,209,400.6 | 254,549,699,281.3 | 274,225,974,789.2 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 900.0 | 1,150.0 | 2,280.0 | 2,390.0 | 2,430.0 | 2,700.0 | 2,930.0 | 3,230.0 | 3,430.0 | 3,730.0 | 3,940.0 | 4,130.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 6.8 | .. | .. | .. | 6.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 52.0 | 53.2 | 63.9 | 64.4 | 65.0 | 65.5 | 66.0 | 66.8 | 66.1 | 66.9 | 67.0 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.2 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 137.9 | 132.5 | 122.8 | 122.4 | 122.0 | 120.6 | 118.8 | 117.0 | 115.5 | 114.3 | 113.2 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | 38.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 37.6 | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | .. | 63.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 166.9 | 128.4 | 54.8 | 52.5 | 50.2 | 48.0 | 46.0 | 44.2 | 42.2 | 40.5 | 38.9 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | 13.7 | .. | .. | 14.6 | .. | .. | 10.8 | 11.4 | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 80.0 | 78.0 | 95.0 | 83.0 | 90.0 | 88.0 | 89.0 | 87.0 | 80.0 | 84.0 | 84.0 | 84.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 50.3 | 64.1 | 61.1 | 67.3 | 67.5 | 64.7 | 68.5 | 74.4 | .. | 89.3 | 77.3 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 66.7 | 69.5 | 84.2 | 85.3 | 89.6 | 95.0 | 97.6 | 98.6 | 98.7 | 90.6 | 95.6 | 92.7 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | .. | 26.1 | 25.6 | 26.4 | 28.6 | 30.2 | 30.9 | 28.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 4.8 | 6.1 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.5 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 573,900.1 | 536,700.1 | 480,900.0 | 476,210.0 | 471,520.0 | 466,830.0 | 462,140.0 | 457,450.0 | 452,760.0 | 448,070.0 | 443,380.0 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 26.0 | 30.8 | 30.9 | 31.0 | 31.0 | 31.0 | 31.0 | 31.2 | 32.4 | 32.3 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 5.1 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.2 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.5 | 4.5 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 4.8 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 296.9 | 393.7 | 419.7 | 416.3 | 406.3 | 402.9 | 414.5 | 405.7 | 404.5 | 405.1 | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 49.9 | 58.7 | 105.5 | 105.7 | 108.0 | 111.0 | 115.0 | 112.1 | 120.9 | 123.5 | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 6,184,384,225.0 | 13,371,767,081.7 | 47,413,919,817.1 | 49,774,409,374.5 | 53,274,884,532.8 | 57,003,712,892.1 | 61,026,731,925.9 | 66,068,737,786.1 | 70,655,628,147.9 | 75,749,121,842.9 | 79,030,935,627.1 | 78,844,405,385.2 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 7.0 | 4.5 | 6.2 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 5.5 | 5.8 | 2.0 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 5.5 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 22.4 | 8.2 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 6.4 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 3.1 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 29.0 | 26.2 | 26.7 | 27.4 | 28.8 | 27.9 | 26.6 | 25.3 | 24.8 | 24.3 | 23.7 | 23.3 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 11.1 | 19.2 | 24.5 | 24.9 | 25.0 | 27.0 | 28.7 | 27.1 | 27.3 | 27.7 | 28.0 | 28.6 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 8.7 | 10.8 | 17.1 | 16.3 | 15.7 | 14.7 | 16.0 | 13.5 | 14.1 | 15.4 | 17.2 | 19.8 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 25.8 | 13.2 | 23.7 | 19.1 | 17.4 | 17.9 | 17.0 | 14.5 | 15.8 | 19.6 | 21.0 | 21.7 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 18.0 | 17.5 | 32.8 | 32.2 | 32.4 | 38.4 | 39.7 | 38.7 | 39.7 | 41.1 | 41.0 | 39.8 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.3 | 76.2 | 74.4 | 71.8 | 75.7 | 80.6 | 84.0 | 86.0 | 93.0 | 105.4 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 0.8 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 6.9 | 1.3 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 5.1 | 3.0 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 22.0 | 16.9 | 33.0 | 27.7 | 23.3 | 23.1 | 23.7 | 21.9 | 23.2 | 27.8 | 26.6 | 29.1 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 66.3 | 61.7 | 100.0 | 108.8 | 103.7 | 100.4 | 102.4 | 117.7 | 108.6 | 98.2 | 105.7 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 6,433,296,456.8 | 7,199,694,579.5 | 18,341,850,201.8 | 19,530,747,919.3 | 21,616,674,354.8 | 22,629,441,143.6 | 24,451,640,158.6 | 25,772,198,397.0 | 28,817,909,448.5 | 30,443,587,044.6 | 34,584,902,584.9 | 36,343,119,611.6 | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 32.9 | 11.9 | 5.5 | 8.8 | 9.8 | 12.3 | 12.4 | 16.1 | 18.6 | 16.4 | 15.6 | 12.1 | |
| Net migration | -80,529.0 | -9,701.0 | 201,495.0 | 152,194.0 | 119,142.0 | -55,444.0 | -63,602.0 | -18,587.0 | -7,704.0 | -37,557.0 | -39,388.0 | -29,865.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | .. | 8,000,014.8 | 387,768,775.2 | 402,531,458.3 | 402,634,721.8 | 412,910,078.0 | 433,499,813.4 | 326,160,727.8 | 558,427,114.0 | 703,752,774.7 | 1,237,899,448.6 | 1,123,259,919.1 | |
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