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Population, total | 4,325,388.0 | 4,584,067.0 | 7,140,688.0 | 7,314,773.0 | 7,493,913.0 | 7,677,565.0 | 7,861,281.0 | 8,046,828.0 | 8,233,970.0 | 8,420,641.0 | 8,605,718.0 | 8,791,092.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 3.9 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 72,300.0 | 72,300.0 | 72,300.0 | 72,300.0 | 72,300.0 | 72,300.0 | 72,300.0 | 72,300.0 | 72,300.0 | 72,300.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 59.9 | 63.5 | 98.9 | 101.3 | 103.8 | 106.4 | 108.9 | 111.5 | 114.1 | 116.7 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 56.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 26.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 802,289,622.4 | 659,079,815.2 | 4,876,896,122.7 | 4,025,405,679.8 | 4,078,172,190.8 | 3,976,076,548.6 | 4,039,105,544.1 | 4,159,009,864.8 | 4,061,314,131.6 | 4,292,348,692.9 | 5,204,747,021.9 | 4,921,755,891.3 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 190.0 | 140.0 | 680.0 | 550.0 | 540.0 | 520.0 | 510.0 | 520.0 | 490.0 | 510.0 | 600.0 | 560.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 2,951,833,551.8 | 3,035,478,119.6 | 12,098,720,070.5 | 11,222,500,534.7 | 11,956,765,879.7 | 11,750,059,717.3 | 12,638,570,824.0 | 12,900,505,425.2 | 12,818,476,666.8 | 13,517,868,448.0 | 17,619,280,249.7 | 18,729,085,654.3 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 680.0 | 660.0 | 1,690.0 | 1,530.0 | 1,600.0 | 1,530.0 | 1,610.0 | 1,600.0 | 1,560.0 | 1,610.0 | 2,050.0 | 2,130.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 44.1 | 45.1 | 56.4 | 57.2 | 58.4 | 58.7 | 59.8 | 60.3 | 59.8 | 60.1 | 60.4 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.6 | 6.4 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.9 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 166.4 | 160.9 | 130.8 | 124.4 | 117.2 | 112.3 | 109.3 | 106.7 | 103.5 | 100.9 | 97.9 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 4.3 | .. | .. | .. | 22.5 | .. | 21.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 37.1 | .. | .. | .. | 81.6 | .. | 86.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 260.2 | 225.3 | 139.6 | 140.5 | 125.7 | 121.0 | 116.6 | 112.2 | 108.2 | 104.4 | 100.8 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | 25.4 | 23.4 | 13.0 | .. | .. | 15.6 | .. | 13.5 | .. | 12.0 | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | .. | 37.0 | 80.0 | 78.0 | 85.0 | 80.0 | 87.0 | 93.0 | 87.0 | 87.0 | 90.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | .. | .. | 59.1 | 68.7 | 69.1 | 80.0 | 81.7 | 85.3 | 95.4 | 99.4 | 96.8 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 49.6 | 61.1 | .. | 116.4 | 118.6 | 122.3 | 110.5 | 140.4 | 137.5 | 151.7 | 156.8 | 153.1 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 16.0 | .. | .. | 38.5 | 40.7 | 40.1 | 41.6 | 59.0 | 60.2 | 70.7 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.7 | .. | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 31,267.0 | 29,294.3 | 26,532.6 | 26,335.3 | 26,138.0 | 25,940.7 | 25,743.4 | 25,546.1 | 25,348.8 | 25,151.5 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 5.1 | 5.1 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.6 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.2 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 649,644,097.6 | 635,874,002.2 | 5,015,180,725.3 | 4,252,029,353.8 | 3,862,721,266.0 | 3,719,443,418.3 | 4,085,114,387.6 | 4,076,578,698.8 | 4,062,906,265.7 | 4,249,234,704.0 | 4,094,563,859.4 | 3,809,832,237.0 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 3.3 | 6.7 | 4.6 | -20.5 | 6.3 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 5.3 | -2.0 | 4.1 | 3.5 | 3.4 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 70.6 | 3.3 | 1.8 | 19.6 | 5.9 | 9.0 | 14.0 | 7.7 | 10.9 | 6.7 | 25.3 | 36.4 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 44.0 | 55.0 | 51.8 | 58.8 | 57.7 | 60.6 | 58.9 | 58.2 | 59.5 | 57.4 | 60.4 | 64.4 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 18.0 | 26.8 | 15.6 | 4.4 | 6.8 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 5.9 | 6.5 | 7.8 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 34.7 | 18.1 | 30.8 | 19.2 | 23.7 | 26.2 | 17.5 | 18.2 | 15.1 | 16.9 | 31.9 | 40.5 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 34.0 | 39.4 | 52.4 | 47.1 | 51.9 | 48.3 | 39.2 | 37.9 | 36.5 | 41.5 | 56.2 | 67.3 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 13.0 | 1.1 | 13.7 | 15.4 | 19.1 | 18.6 | 14.8 | 12.5 | 12.1 | 11.2 | 11.7 | 11.7 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 12.0 | 10.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.3 | 2.5 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.3 | 66.6 | 77.3 | 83.8 | 86.3 | 80.8 | 83.6 | 83.6 | 97.7 | .. | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 44.2 | 25.5 | 62.2 | 48.0 | 43.8 | 50.2 | 46.7 | 52.4 | 63.2 | 58.8 | 75.5 | 89.9 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 223.1 | 105.0 | 100.0 | 107.2 | 118.3 | 117.8 | 113.5 | 106.2 | 120.8 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 1,196,563,740.7 | 1,248,363,708.6 | 1,433,230,470.4 | 1,558,269,901.7 | 1,627,146,240.3 | 1,752,872,455.5 | 1,757,230,852.6 | 1,855,825,335.1 | 2,109,178,656.6 | 2,450,704,006.2 | 2,331,196,989.8 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 10.1 | 76.4 | 2.3 | 6.6 | 4.7 | 6.7 | 8.1 | 11.4 | 14.3 | 9.0 | 8.8 | .. | |
Net migration | 131,587.0 | 83,013.0 | 485.0 | -356.0 | 4,657.0 | 1,234.0 | -2,741.0 | -2,238.0 | 1,292.0 | -1,544.0 | -4,000.0 | -4,000.0 | |
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