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Population, total | 2,006,027.0 | 2,695,003.0 | 3,843,174.0 | 3,946,220.0 | 4,051,890.0 | 4,160,015.0 | 4,270,712.0 | 4,383,849.0 | 4,498,604.0 | 4,614,974.0 | 4,736,139.0 | 4,862,989.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 1.9 | 2.6 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.5 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | 34.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 31.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 21.5 | 6.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,483,232,559.0 | 1,907,497,259.1 | 6,865,449,147.1 | 6,650,080,316.0 | 6,300,770,359.1 | 6,541,197,636.1 | 7,293,350,467.2 | 7,685,962,172.6 | 7,929,207,722.3 | 8,588,083,493.6 | 9,831,293,490.6 | 10,453,539,812.3 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 740.0 | 710.0 | 1,790.0 | 1,690.0 | 1,560.0 | 1,570.0 | 1,710.0 | 1,750.0 | 1,760.0 | 1,860.0 | 2,080.0 | 2,150.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 3,913,296,729.1 | 6,068,532,659.8 | 14,304,630,917.3 | 15,313,401,563.0 | 18,788,148,111.5 | 22,219,271,702.1 | 23,429,074,661.6 | 24,758,929,936.1 | 26,070,236,683.8 | 27,197,391,809.2 | 31,285,231,097.0 | 33,691,289,694.8 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,950.0 | 2,250.0 | 3,720.0 | 3,880.0 | 4,640.0 | 5,340.0 | 5,490.0 | 5,650.0 | 5,800.0 | 5,890.0 | 6,610.0 | 6,930.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 6.2 | 7.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 59.8 | 61.0 | 64.2 | 64.5 | 64.8 | 65.1 | 65.3 | 65.7 | 64.5 | 64.4 | 64.7 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.1 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 114.4 | 92.4 | 83.8 | 83.1 | 82.4 | 81.0 | 80.5 | 79.5 | 78.9 | 78.0 | 76.8 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | 17.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 11.5 | 14.3 | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | .. | 69.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 70.4 | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 116.2 | 98.3 | 50.5 | 49.0 | 47.5 | 46.1 | 44.6 | 43.2 | 41.8 | 40.5 | 39.2 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 29.7 | .. | 24.9 | .. | .. | 19.2 | 17.3 | 16.8 | 14.8 | 22.4 | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 38.0 | 46.0 | 75.0 | 70.0 | 73.0 | 75.0 | 78.0 | 75.0 | 70.0 | 63.0 | 72.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 28.3 | .. | 66.9 | 66.7 | .. | 64.4 | 69.7 | 66.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 45.6 | 79.8 | 93.5 | 96.4 | 88.5 | 87.7 | 90.3 | 90.7 | 86.7 | .. | .. | 111.8 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 13.3 | 17.6 | 30.6 | 31.1 | 32.0 | 31.6 | 35.4 | 37.5 | 35.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 4,760.4 | 4,216.4 | 3,454.8 | 3,400.4 | 3,346.0 | 3,292.0 | 3,237.0 | 3,183.0 | 3,128.0 | 3,073.7 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 404.3 | 399.8 | 337.1 | 337.1 | 337.1 | 337.1 | 337.1 | 337.1 | 337.1 | 337.1 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.3 | 2.5 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 1,506,914,407.8 | 1,779,520,886.5 | 6,592,537,781.8 | 6,166,863,896.7 | 6,398,747,592.1 | 6,800,135,898.3 | 7,473,550,557.1 | 7,894,764,885.8 | 8,260,752,385.2 | 9,222,536,364.0 | 9,744,039,514.6 | 10,452,577,062.8 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -1.8 | -3.9 | 4.3 | 5.4 | 1.3 | 6.3 | 4.8 | 3.1 | -0.4 | 0.7 | 6.4 | 3.4 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 2.6 | 6.4 | -11.9 | -4.8 | 11.2 | 1.6 | 4.6 | 5.3 | 6.4 | 7.5 | 1.8 | 2.7 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 21.9 | 24.8 | 18.8 | 20.6 | 21.7 | 22.7 | 23.7 | 20.0 | 19.2 | 19.1 | 21.9 | 19.9 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 28.8 | 30.0 | 28.4 | 22.7 | 25.2 | 23.7 | 23.6 | 28.6 | 33.6 | 32.1 | 30.3 | 30.9 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 36.2 | 25.5 | 37.4 | 30.2 | 33.9 | 34.5 | 36.6 | 42.4 | 41.4 | 39.9 | 49.3 | 44.2 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 41.9 | 33.4 | 54.2 | 47.2 | 39.2 | 44.3 | 52.6 | 51.1 | 45.4 | 48.5 | 55.0 | 52.2 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 14.0 | 11.3 | 41.8 | 38.5 | 31.3 | 37.9 | 46.4 | 40.5 | 38.7 | 40.6 | 34.3 | 36.5 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.8 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.6 | 97.7 | 92.4 | 89.2 | 97.9 | 106.9 | 107.5 | 129.1 | 141.1 | 113.1 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.0 | .. | .. | 0.0 | 2.0 | 5.1 | 4.0 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 56.9 | 45.5 | 87.7 | 89.8 | 59.3 | 81.0 | 70.0 | 73.3 | 67.5 | 77.3 | 91.3 | 88.6 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 74.7 | 76.7 | 108.9 | 100.0 | 104.5 | 111.7 | 106.9 | 122.6 | 136.4 | 151.7 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 2,109,426,965.7 | 2,344,637,631.9 | 4,531,578,245.3 | 4,993,494,071.2 | 5,080,228,847.5 | 5,241,041,040.5 | 5,223,782,895.1 | 5,370,976,554.3 | 5,716,645,372.9 | 4,813,193,148.7 | 4,603,898,856.3 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 30.7 | .. | 10.9 | 14.2 | 15.0 | 15.7 | 17.4 | 14.1 | 9.9 | 12.4 | 8.0 | .. | |
Net migration | -3,002.0 | -2,997.0 | -2,984.0 | -3,018.0 | -3,009.0 | -3,001.0 | -2,987.0 | -3,018.0 | -1,494.0 | -1,494.0 | 3,000.0 | 3,000.0 | |
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