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| Population, total | 9,178,830.0 | 11,559,290.0 | 18,593,022.0 | 19,191,289.0 | 19,813,011.0 | 20,442,030.0 | 21,068,405.0 | 21,713,836.0 | 22,388,630.0 | 23,072,640.0 | 23,769,127.0 | 24,478,595.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.0 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 7.5 | 9.5 | 15.2 | 15.7 | 16.2 | 16.8 | 17.3 | 17.8 | 18.3 | 18.9 | 19.5 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | 47.2 | 46.8 | 44.9 | 43.8 | 42.3 | 41.9 | 45.5 | 45.5 | 43.9 | 43.3 | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 29.4 | .. | .. | 36.1 | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,435,035,266.4 | 3,106,499,830.8 | 16,545,316,568.6 | 16,653,653,275.9 | 17,010,095,412.8 | 19,087,459,747.8 | 20,311,542,170.2 | 20,198,384,060.3 | 21,579,975,081.8 | 22,931,540,869.7 | 23,937,094,278.5 | 24,929,896,153.7 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 270.0 | 270.0 | 890.0 | 870.0 | 860.0 | 930.0 | 960.0 | 930.0 | 960.0 | 990.0 | 1,010.0 | 1,020.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 7,527,966,369.4 | 13,701,780,034.4 | 42,504,006,283.3 | 47,501,152,885.1 | 50,233,507,783.2 | 53,500,303,986.4 | 57,392,420,811.7 | 57,031,091,745.7 | 60,363,026,797.8 | 66,992,113,722.5 | 72,480,560,842.2 | 78,646,233,001.5 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 820.0 | 1,190.0 | 2,290.0 | 2,480.0 | 2,540.0 | 2,620.0 | 2,720.0 | 2,630.0 | 2,700.0 | 2,900.0 | 3,050.0 | 3,210.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.5 | .. | .. | 7.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 46.5 | 50.6 | 57.9 | 58.3 | 58.6 | 58.9 | 59.2 | 58.9 | 59.1 | 60.0 | 60.4 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 7.3 | 6.9 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.6 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 157.3 | 173.8 | 159.1 | 156.9 | 154.9 | 150.8 | 144.6 | 143.4 | 141.9 | 140.0 | 138.6 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | 15.6 | .. | .. | 17.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | 43.7 | .. | .. | 67.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 231.0 | 187.6 | 115.7 | 112.4 | 109.3 | 106.1 | 103.1 | 100.0 | 96.9 | 94.0 | 91.3 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | 25.0 | 20.2 | 17.1 | 18.6 | 18.5 | 14.9 | 17.5 | 18.5 | .. | 15.0 | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 43.0 | 49.0 | 67.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 71.0 | 71.0 | 62.0 | 72.0 | 69.0 | 68.0 | 72.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 27.9 | 47.4 | 47.4 | 45.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 48.4 | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 24.7 | 52.9 | 70.5 | 71.9 | 74.7 | 70.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 72.8 | .. | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 6.3 | 15.7 | 39.0 | 40.1 | 38.5 | 38.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 38.9 | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 1.0 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 8.3 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 3.6 | 8.0 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.8 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.5 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 2,681,912,148.7 | 2,961,484,953.9 | 15,583,181,170.4 | 16,743,796,799.8 | 18,308,362,040.1 | 20,368,015,381.2 | 20,477,421,884.5 | 20,698,560,938.8 | 22,999,245,262.7 | 22,374,051,349.9 | 24,621,545,564.9 | 26,588,067,731.2 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | -2.5 | -0.1 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.4 | 4.9 | 5.0 | -1.2 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 4.7 | 5.0 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 7.6 | -0.6 | 3.9 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 3.8 | 5.7 | 2.2 | 2.8 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 37.4 | 32.9 | 30.5 | 31.0 | 31.4 | 32.5 | 32.3 | 32.3 | 32.0 | 33.0 | 32.5 | 33.4 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 16.3 | 21.5 | 22.4 | 21.9 | 22.2 | 23.2 | 23.1 | 26.7 | 25.8 | 24.8 | 24.4 | 22.7 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 15.7 | 22.5 | 20.2 | 19.7 | 18.9 | 20.6 | 21.7 | 25.1 | 23.4 | 26.2 | 24.9 | 22.5 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 30.9 | 32.9 | 33.4 | 34.0 | 30.6 | 30.1 | 32.3 | 30.9 | 33.3 | 35.5 | 32.8 | 28.4 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 19.1 | 17.2 | 24.9 | 27.3 | 25.5 | 24.5 | 26.5 | 20.4 | 23.6 | 23.2 | 22.3 | 20.9 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | 11.0 | 12.5 | 13.4 | 14.6 | 10.4 | 13.0 | 12.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | 10.8 | 11.9 | 12.9 | 13.3 | 9.8 | 12.2 | 12.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.0 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.1 | 3.8 | .. | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.1 | 122.1 | 105.3 | 111.2 | 107.4 | 108.8 | 116.6 | 108.7 | 112.1 | .. | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | 6.5 | 1.2 | 5.5 | 5.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 35.8 | 45.6 | 41.8 | 41.1 | 39.2 | 40.8 | 43.0 | 47.8 | 48.5 | 55.9 | 51.3 | 47.2 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 87.5 | 64.9 | 100.0 | 108.8 | 105.6 | 101.7 | 109.7 | 141.4 | 124.1 | 103.4 | 117.6 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 2,467,995,904.9 | 2,981,177,567.1 | 3,747,044,962.9 | 3,847,760,144.7 | 4,319,894,781.4 | 4,595,485,040.1 | 4,993,929,073.9 | 5,808,684,499.7 | 6,375,273,692.5 | 6,229,018,203.3 | 6,457,154,422.2 | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 15.3 | 14.1 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 5.7 | .. | |
| Net migration | -68,668.0 | -17,395.0 | -48,872.0 | -30,251.0 | -33,942.0 | -40,710.0 | -44,373.0 | -14,962.0 | -22,210.0 | -39,951.0 | -39,953.0 | -46,880.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 106,917,976.4 | 73,163,954.9 | 816,930,232.7 | 827,242,532.9 | 885,444,663.1 | 1,022,573,591.8 | 971,700,936.1 | 997,137,083.8 | 1,131,458,579.7 | 1,106,994,887.6 | 1,045,130,736.9 | 1,094,528,068.1 | |
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