| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Population, total | 12,055,639.0 | 16,516,338.0 | 25,426,702.0 | 26,099,952.0 | 26,788,375.0 | 27,494,926.0 | 28,219,554.0 | 28,953,556.0 | 29,691,083.0 | 30,437,261.0 | 31,195,932.0 | 31,964,956.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 3.0 | 3.2 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 587,040.0 | 587,040.0 | 587,295.0 | 587,295.0 | 587,295.0 | 587,295.0 | 587,295.0 | 587,295.0 | 587,295.0 | 587,295.0 | 587,295.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 20.7 | 28.4 | 43.7 | 44.9 | 46.0 | 47.3 | 48.5 | 49.8 | 51.0 | 52.3 | 53.6 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 75.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 69.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 3,573,000,982.8 | 4,576,635,838.3 | 11,858,920,629.3 | 11,659,563,209.8 | 12,024,286,200.0 | 13,119,176,017.9 | 14,003,214,519.3 | 12,936,722,127.7 | 14,071,720,938.5 | 15,133,024,385.7 | 15,827,830,199.3 | 16,429,113,181.8 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 300.0 | 280.0 | 470.0 | 450.0 | 450.0 | 480.0 | 500.0 | 450.0 | 470.0 | 500.0 | 510.0 | 510.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 13,479,462,522.3 | 20,226,675,844.1 | 36,789,959,046.5 | 39,354,407,588.7 | 40,325,308,452.3 | 41,295,196,518.6 | 44,031,268,662.2 | 41,880,984,445.7 | 45,987,524,741.9 | 51,000,576,605.0 | 55,188,798,417.9 | 58,643,961,912.7 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,120.0 | 1,220.0 | 1,450.0 | 1,510.0 | 1,510.0 | 1,500.0 | 1,560.0 | 1,450.0 | 1,550.0 | 1,680.0 | 1,770.0 | 1,830.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 52.1 | 58.0 | 63.4 | 63.4 | 63.4 | 63.5 | 63.5 | 62.7 | 62.5 | 63.1 | 63.6 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.1 | 5.7 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 132.6 | 147.7 | 135.6 | 135.2 | 135.9 | 136.3 | 136.4 | 135.0 | 133.2 | 131.6 | 129.8 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 18.8 | .. | .. | 47.9 | 44.4 | .. | .. | 49.7 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 47.0 | .. | .. | .. | 46.1 | .. | .. | 45.8 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 155.5 | 105.0 | 65.8 | 65.7 | 65.7 | 65.8 | 66.1 | 66.3 | 66.2 | 65.7 | 64.8 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 26.4 | .. | .. | 22.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 47.0 | 57.0 | 60.0 | 62.0 | 55.0 | 68.0 | 60.0 | 55.0 | 43.0 | 44.0 | 51.0 | 46.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 32.6 | 34.9 | 65.2 | 64.2 | 63.5 | 61.6 | 59.0 | 57.3 | 61.1 | 57.4 | 58.3 | 60.7 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 87.3 | 95.8 | 138.8 | 134.7 | 139.2 | 132.7 | 124.9 | 126.6 | 140.3 | 132.9 | 130.6 | 132.7 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 17.2 | .. | 36.1 | 36.1 | 34.8 | 34.6 | 32.8 | .. | 34.1 | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1.0 | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 136,934.5 | 130,306.7 | 124,958.9 | 124,826.8 | 124,694.6 | 124,562.4 | 124,430.3 | 124,298.1 | 124,166.0 | 124,033.8 | 123,901.6 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 5.1 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 4.5 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.4 | 4.4 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 224.5 | 255.7 | 275.4 | 293.3 | 299.5 | 292.8 | 313.8 | 301.7 | 309.0 | 308.7 | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 39.3 | 45.9 | 79.1 | 66.4 | 81.3 | 82.1 | 82.6 | 70.4 | 80.3 | 81.3 | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 3,931,334,875.0 | 4,629,247,203.8 | 11,323,020,701.3 | 11,848,613,858.4 | 13,176,313,593.6 | 13,760,033,282.3 | 14,104,664,678.5 | 13,051,441,203.9 | 14,354,731,964.3 | 15,325,603,272.6 | 15,869,945,477.9 | 17,420,501,490.1 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 3.1 | 4.5 | 3.1 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.2 | 4.4 | -7.1 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 11.9 | 11.6 | 6.5 | 9.0 | 5.0 | 8.3 | 6.5 | 4.3 | 6.3 | 9.6 | 7.5 | 7.6 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | .. | 30.9 | 25.7 | 25.1 | 24.6 | 24.0 | 23.0 | 24.7 | 22.5 | 21.5 | 22.4 | 22.5 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 19.0 | 19.4 | 20.1 | 21.5 | 22.4 | 19.5 | 22.3 | 23.4 | 22.9 | 22.8 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 12.9 | 19.1 | 28.4 | 29.1 | 30.9 | 31.5 | 28.4 | 20.1 | 23.1 | 30.5 | 27.0 | 23.3 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 19.5 | 23.7 | 32.8 | 31.7 | 34.4 | 36.3 | 34.2 | 28.9 | 32.1 | 40.0 | 34.1 | 31.7 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 36.0 | 11.9 | 16.0 | 16.4 | 15.8 | 20.7 | 22.7 | 17.7 | 16.4 | 22.2 | 19.9 | 22.2 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 7.9 | .. | 9.8 | 10.1 | 10.9 | 11.4 | 11.6 | 10.6 | 11.2 | 10.2 | 10.8 | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 7.4 | .. | 8.9 | 9.2 | 10.0 | 10.3 | 10.5 | 9.5 | 10.4 | 9.2 | 9.6 | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.2 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.4 | 42.1 | 30.6 | 32.6 | 38.8 | 46.1 | 54.8 | 53.9 | 64.7 | 75.5 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 24.7 | 41.5 | 42.8 | 44.1 | 49.5 | 52.1 | 47.1 | 40.2 | 49.7 | 59.9 | 51.7 | 42.6 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 95.4 | 117.8 | 100.0 | 93.5 | 89.3 | 84.5 | 84.2 | 85.8 | 84.3 | 85.3 | 84.7 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 3,701,101,935.3 | 4,726,029,557.0 | 3,007,857,304.8 | 2,976,805,934.8 | 3,382,906,474.6 | 3,720,119,522.3 | 4,044,792,622.6 | 4,841,435,396.1 | 5,344,813,135.2 | 5,935,380,471.0 | 6,429,471,661.1 | 6,653,640,488.3 | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 45.9 | 13.9 | 4.4 | 3.6 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.6 | 6.1 | 7.2 | |
| Net migration | -1,777.0 | -4,298.0 | -2,594.0 | -2,687.0 | -2,784.0 | -2,887.0 | -2,976.0 | -1,480.0 | -1,480.0 | -1,487.0 | -1,487.0 | -1,795.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 7,870,713.2 | 11,270,072.6 | 326,844,541.4 | 299,204,626.1 | 342,776,977.9 | 425,502,225.7 | 407,676,204.2 | 495,356,527.4 | 439,712,454.8 | 385,290,310.6 | 385,290,310.6 | 385,290,310.6 | |
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