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| Population, total | 3,513,974.0 | 3,805,174.0 | 4,762,722.0 | 4,827,445.0 | 4,898,022.0 | 4,976,456.0 | 5,039,747.0 | 5,110,585.0 | 5,212,836.0 | 5,311,538.0 | 5,395,790.0 | .. | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 0.1 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.6 | .. | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 70,280.0 | 70,280.0 | 70,280.0 | 70,280.0 | 70,280.0 | 70,280.0 | 70,280.0 | 70,280.0 | 70,280.0 | 70,280.0 | .. | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 51.0 | 55.2 | 69.1 | 70.1 | 71.1 | 72.2 | 73.2 | 74.2 | 75.7 | 77.1 | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 13.8 | 12.9 | 14.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 44,137,988,270.4 | 91,821,846,193.2 | 251,829,806,851.8 | 262,673,589,150.6 | 289,509,576,376.3 | 310,807,999,879.6 | 324,677,192,320.6 | 378,550,426,231.8 | 396,010,877,094.2 | 421,119,201,229.6 | 435,172,163,224.5 | .. | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 12,560.0 | 24,130.0 | 52,880.0 | 54,410.0 | 59,110.0 | 62,460.0 | 64,420.0 | 74,070.0 | 75,970.0 | 79,280.0 | 80,650.0 | .. | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 44,902,224,002.7 | 100,231,416,650.9 | 283,308,161,135.3 | 304,698,637,344.9 | 320,619,042,329.5 | 345,476,031,394.9 | 360,448,010,564.2 | 427,005,145,665.3 | 494,186,754,770.4 | 524,563,157,390.0 | 545,950,027,939.2 | .. | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 12,780.0 | 26,340.0 | 59,480.0 | 63,120.0 | 65,460.0 | 69,420.0 | 71,520.0 | 83,550.0 | 94,800.0 | 98,760.0 | 101,180.0 | .. | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 7.7 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 8.9 | 9.2 | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 74.8 | 76.5 | 81.7 | 82.2 | 82.2 | 82.7 | 82.5 | 82.3 | 82.5 | 82.8 | 83.0 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 16.0 | 20.0 | 7.3 | 6.7 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.0 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 99.6 | 99.7 | 99.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 9.2 | 7.2 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.9 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 78.0 | 79.0 | 92.0 | 92.0 | 92.0 | 91.0 | 92.0 | 90.0 | 90.0 | 89.0 | 90.0 | .. | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | .. | 99.7 | 97.9 | 96.8 | 99.7 | 98.1 | 96.7 | 93.7 | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | .. | .. | 101.3 | 100.5 | 100.4 | 100.0 | 99.9 | 98.2 | 96.5 | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | .. | 117.0 | 125.0 | 154.2 | 137.1 | 133.5 | 132.9 | 130.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | .. | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 4,616.4 | 6,303.6 | 7,623.5 | 7,700.2 | 7,740.2 | 7,780.2 | 7,820.2 | 7,860.2 | 7,900.2 | 7,940.2 | .. | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.0 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 2.3 | 2.0 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 0.3 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 1.9 | .. | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 2,820.5 | 3,627.4 | 2,932.3 | 2,854.9 | 2,820.4 | 2,747.9 | 2,634.0 | 2,689.4 | 2,600.2 | 2,467.7 | 2,467.5 | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 3,767.5 | 5,797.4 | 5,830.1 | 5,829.6 | 5,923.8 | 5,926.1 | 5,951.9 | 6,106.2 | 6,107.0 | 6,144.7 | 6,298.2 | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 49,305,632,408.5 | 100,207,610,429.9 | 305,431,252,708.7 | 348,355,212,568.5 | 395,780,319,816.6 | 407,211,793,800.7 | 436,009,027,818.9 | 530,394,123,829.8 | 548,341,794,599.1 | 567,372,737,459.1 | 609,157,459,747.2 | .. | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 8.5 | 9.4 | 1.2 | 10.1 | 7.7 | 5.0 | 7.2 | 16.3 | 7.5 | -2.5 | 2.6 | .. | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | -0.7 | 6.9 | 0.1 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 3.4 | -2.1 | 1.0 | 8.0 | 3.4 | 4.5 | .. | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | .. | 2.5 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 1.0 | .. | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | 31.5 | 36.5 | 36.3 | 36.8 | 35.9 | 37.2 | 38.0 | 40.8 | 34.0 | 33.6 | .. | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 54.7 | 94.4 | 129.2 | 128.5 | 126.0 | 131.2 | 139.8 | 136.4 | 139.5 | 136.5 | 144.0 | .. | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 50.3 | 80.6 | 110.5 | 104.8 | 96.5 | 126.4 | 119.0 | 94.6 | 98.2 | 103.1 | 102.2 | .. | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 21.5 | 24.5 | 35.6 | 34.0 | 28.2 | 53.7 | 42.6 | 23.0 | 22.9 | 26.7 | 18.2 | .. | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 32.3 | 32.9 | 25.7 | 24.0 | 23.8 | 23.3 | 21.2 | 21.5 | 21.5 | 22.8 | 25.7 | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 25.4 | 26.3 | 18.6 | 17.6 | 17.6 | 17.4 | 15.9 | 16.6 | 16.8 | 17.5 | 17.9 | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | .. | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.7 | 64.7 | 102.6 | 101.8 | 102.0 | 104.6 | 105.0 | 106.9 | 110.6 | 110.8 | 112.6 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 32.8 | 29.3 | 25.0 | 26.0 | 25.9 | 28.5 | 46.8 | 47.8 | 53.5 | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 90.1 | 128.2 | 69.4 | 66.2 | 68.8 | 66.5 | 64.2 | 58.6 | 65.9 | 63.3 | 63.2 | .. | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 110.2 | 101.5 | 97.5 | 92.3 | 90.3 | 85.8 | 77.6 | 71.1 | 67.5 | .. | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Net migration | -8,203.0 | 31,298.0 | 18,967.0 | 28,883.0 | 33,387.0 | 29,663.0 | 15,746.0 | 27,419.0 | 93,535.0 | 43,873.0 | 39,059.0 | 35,417.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 285,673,553.5 | 251,908,645.6 | 575,484,813.7 | 596,677,078.5 | 623,629,069.0 | 586,686,133.5 | 276,051,017.7 | 179,854,619.6 | 531,789,593.1 | 570,929,940.5 | 656,414,520.5 | .. | |
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