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| Population, total | 47,609,755.0 | 67,411,494.0 | 103,867,135.0 | 106,718,162.0 | 109,666,481.0 | 112,664,152.0 | 115,737,383.0 | 118,917,671.0 | 122,138,588.0 | 125,384,287.0 | 128,691,692.0 | 132,059,767.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 3.7 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 1,221,900.0 | 1,104,300.0 | 1,136,244.2 | 1,136,242.7 | 1,136,243.2 | 1,136,242.5 | 1,136,243.1 | 1,136,239.7 | 1,136,239.7 | 1,136,239.7 | 1,136,239.7 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | .. | 67.4 | 92.0 | 94.6 | 97.2 | 99.8 | 102.6 | 105.4 | 108.2 | 111.1 | 114.0 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | 23.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 33.1 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | 33.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 38.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 12,602,805,977.5 | 8,418,570,725.6 | 59,330,849,744.7 | 66,310,955,915.5 | 73,619,513,754.8 | 82,340,980,747.4 | 91,188,361,859.7 | 97,961,490,192.3 | 108,056,291,850.3 | 120,562,000,166.7 | 132,444,822,341.8 | 145,523,869,150.5 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 260.0 | 120.0 | 570.0 | 620.0 | 670.0 | 730.0 | 790.0 | 820.0 | 880.0 | 960.0 | 1,030.0 | 1,100.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 19,747,858,424.5 | 31,713,478,435.0 | 168,886,194,465.5 | 197,586,705,772.4 | 218,547,997,935.1 | 235,010,231,989.7 | 257,939,268,521.6 | 284,581,198,462.2 | 314,515,207,951.2 | 355,094,428,987.1 | 392,832,733,554.1 | 433,465,807,801.5 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 410.0 | 470.0 | 1,630.0 | 1,850.0 | 1,990.0 | 2,090.0 | 2,230.0 | 2,390.0 | 2,580.0 | 2,830.0 | 3,050.0 | 3,280.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | 7.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 8.3 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 45.1 | 50.9 | 63.6 | 64.2 | 64.8 | 65.3 | 65.7 | 66.0 | 65.3 | 66.9 | 67.3 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 7.2 | 6.7 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.0 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 177.3 | 148.5 | 79.4 | 77.4 | 75.2 | 74.7 | 74.5 | 73.7 | 72.4 | 71.1 | 69.9 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 4.8 | 8.1 | 36.9 | 35.9 | 36.3 | 40.0 | 41.4 | 37.7 | 36.1 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 5.6 | .. | 27.7 | .. | .. | 49.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 201.7 | 140.4 | 64.9 | 61.7 | 58.9 | 56.4 | 54.1 | 52.0 | 50.0 | 48.2 | 46.5 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 41.8 | .. | 23.5 | .. | .. | 21.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 38.0 | 28.0 | 56.0 | 57.0 | 59.0 | 54.0 | 56.0 | 57.0 | 60.0 | 62.0 | 68.0 | 72.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 22.0 | 51.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 62.5 | .. | 60.9 | 55.1 | 54.4 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 35.7 | 52.2 | 94.1 | .. | 101.2 | .. | .. | 112.7 | 101.3 | 84.6 | 83.7 | 84.4 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 14.5 | 33.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 0.7 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 2.2 | 2.7 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | .. | 185,285.0 | 174,335.0 | 173,605.0 | 172,875.0 | 172,145.0 | 171,415.0 | 170,685.0 | 169,955.0 | 169,225.0 | 168,495.0 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 18.5 | 18.5 | 18.5 | 17.6 | 17.6 | 16.1 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 17.0 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 8.4 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 5.9 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 5.4 | 4.0 | 5.0 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 368.2 | 363.6 | 380.1 | 383.6 | 382.1 | 384.7 | 386.2 | 380.7 | 373.9 | 377.9 | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 22.7 | 22.4 | 73.8 | 81.1 | 80.8 | 91.9 | 92.3 | 93.4 | 83.9 | 92.4 | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 12,478,943,895.2 | 8,242,349,617.9 | 62,103,418,181.8 | 68,475,871,209.6 | 76,366,081,766.7 | 83,337,901,072.0 | 91,834,517,112.6 | 98,676,811,061.4 | 109,070,960,371.9 | 123,140,304,666.0 | 135,874,093,202.5 | 149,740,297,953.0 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 2.7 | 6.1 | 10.4 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 6.8 | 8.4 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 6.6 | 7.6 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 3.3 | 6.8 | 10.8 | 10.4 | 6.7 | 12.4 | 12.9 | 18.3 | 21.8 | 34.7 | 32.9 | 25.5 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 48.3 | 44.7 | 36.1 | 34.7 | 33.8 | 31.2 | 33.6 | 35.6 | 37.6 | 37.6 | 35.8 | 34.8 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 9.1 | 11.4 | 16.3 | 21.9 | 23.6 | 27.3 | 24.8 | 23.1 | 21.9 | 22.7 | 24.5 | 25.4 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 9.4 | 7.8 | 7.6 | 8.4 | 7.9 | 7.1 | 7.6 | 8.2 | 6.6 | 5.5 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 30.3 | 27.1 | 23.5 | 22.8 | 20.9 | 16.9 | 16.7 | 18.4 | 14.0 | 11.9 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 40.7 | 37.3 | 38.4 | 34.2 | 35.3 | 30.6 | 28.0 | 25.3 | 22.2 | 20.6 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 12.0 | .. | 9.9 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.0 | 7.8 | 7.1 | 6.6 | 5.1 | 4.5 | 4.1 | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | 38.2 | 48.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 8.4 | .. | 8.4 | 8.1 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 6.7 | 6.2 | 5.3 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 3.4 | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 9.7 | 7.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 0.7 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 40.7 | 48.0 | 36.1 | .. | 36.2 | 37.4 | 52.8 | 57.0 | .. | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 6.2 | 6.8 | 5.8 | 13.6 | 9.4 | 13.1 | 8.5 | 3.2 | 3.8 | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 11.1 | 21.2 | 31.6 | 28.1 | 24.6 | 21.6 | 18.8 | 16.6 | 18.3 | 18.4 | 15.1 | 17.4 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 71.3 | 100.0 | 102.1 | 98.2 | 92.2 | 92.2 | 101.6 | 102.8 | 100.5 | 103.1 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 8,645,231,101.2 | 5,516,263,792.3 | 20,443,875,424.1 | 23,396,722,284.1 | 26,170,602,394.7 | 29,842,524,863.7 | 30,377,335,498.2 | 32,364,057,104.1 | 32,000,197,807.2 | 30,620,768,251.9 | 33,273,672,181.5 | 36,548,259,483.3 | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 39.0 | 13.7 | 18.3 | 20.9 | 22.2 | 21.5 | 28.9 | 26.1 | 21.2 | 18.3 | 14.3 | 11.5 | |
| Net migration | 296,014.0 | -49,891.0 | 62,785.0 | 115,823.0 | 71,766.0 | 9,302.0 | -10,807.0 | 38,866.0 | -1,377.0 | -11,996.0 | -11,996.0 | 30,069.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 5,217,391.5 | 53,158,882.4 | 1,086,986,751.2 | 772,235,946.6 | 393,379,170.0 | 436,325,463.1 | 479,624,165.3 | 404,088,319.9 | 447,647,084.1 | 510,201,215.4 | 539,360,389.3 | 490,000,000.0 | |
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