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| Population, total | 2,380,560.0 | 3,151,345.0 | 5,097,581.0 | 5,222,536.0 | 5,351,011.0 | 5,483,118.0 | 5,616,661.0 | 5,752,791.0 | 5,892,183.0 | 6,035,104.0 | 6,182,885.0 | 6,332,961.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.9 | 3.8 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 342,000.0 | 342,000.0 | 342,000.0 | 342,000.0 | 342,000.0 | 342,000.0 | 342,000.0 | 342,000.0 | 342,000.0 | 342,000.0 | 342,000.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 7.0 | 9.2 | 14.9 | 15.3 | 15.7 | 16.1 | 16.4 | 16.8 | 17.3 | 17.7 | 18.1 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,184,433,376.7 | 1,768,073,607.1 | 15,680,036,449.6 | 11,826,831,604.4 | 9,326,600,453.5 | 11,333,708,128.0 | 12,270,544,101.9 | 12,850,227,586.2 | 11,998,298,068.3 | 13,072,467,559.8 | 15,144,181,833.5 | 15,243,149,154.6 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 920.0 | 560.0 | 3,080.0 | 2,260.0 | 1,740.0 | 2,070.0 | 2,180.0 | 2,230.0 | 2,040.0 | 2,170.0 | 2,450.0 | 2,410.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 6,910,155,593.1 | 8,452,353,352.2 | 23,908,515,204.2 | 20,224,120,130.5 | 20,651,135,353.0 | 28,959,041,247.3 | 28,888,184,780.5 | 27,296,170,367.2 | 32,795,168,622.2 | 35,764,083,586.6 | 40,213,407,106.8 | 42,421,079,373.8 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 2,900.0 | 2,680.0 | 4,690.0 | 3,870.0 | 3,860.0 | 5,280.0 | 5,140.0 | 4,740.0 | 5,570.0 | 5,930.0 | 6,500.0 | 6,700.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 57.1 | 55.4 | 63.7 | 63.9 | 64.2 | 64.5 | 63.2 | 64.4 | 64.2 | 65.0 | 65.8 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 5.3 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 126.3 | 123.4 | 120.7 | 118.9 | 117.2 | 115.7 | 114.5 | 113.6 | 112.7 | 111.2 | 109.9 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | 30.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | 91.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 91.5 | 113.7 | 52.7 | 50.9 | 49.3 | 47.7 | 52.4 | 44.7 | 43.3 | 41.9 | 40.5 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 75.0 | 34.0 | 80.0 | 67.0 | 70.0 | 75.0 | 73.0 | 68.0 | 68.0 | 65.0 | 65.0 | 72.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 59.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 71.1 | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 126.4 | 83.2 | .. | .. | .. | 87.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 87.9 | .. | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 47.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 4.9 | 4.5 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 223,150.0 | 221,950.0 | 220,150.0 | 220,030.0 | 219,910.0 | 219,760.0 | 219,610.0 | 219,460.0 | 219,310.0 | 219,160.0 | 219,010.0 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 33.6 | 36.7 | 36.7 | 36.8 | 36.8 | 33.3 | 33.3 | 33.3 | 33.3 | 33.3 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.6 | 4.6 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.0 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 330.7 | 225.7 | 552.4 | 561.3 | 548.0 | 552.2 | 582.6 | 586.7 | 588.3 | 627.6 | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 172.2 | 95.8 | 297.4 | 304.4 | 306.5 | 312.6 | 358.0 | 369.6 | 383.0 | 459.0 | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 2,798,746,050.1 | 3,227,927,697.6 | 12,434,793,867.4 | 10,931,328,150.8 | 11,834,473,039.4 | 14,773,900,288.5 | 13,976,637,780.0 | 11,468,687,464.0 | 14,825,690,210.9 | 15,817,030,156.9 | 15,321,055,818.3 | 15,719,985,776.4 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 1.0 | 7.6 | 0.4 | -8.7 | -5.6 | -2.3 | 1.1 | -6.3 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 2.6 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | -1.0 | 47.0 | -17.3 | -3.5 | 12.4 | 22.2 | -1.3 | -14.0 | 23.3 | 18.3 | -7.6 | 0.0 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 12.9 | 5.3 | 5.8 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 10.7 | 9.1 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 9.4 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 40.6 | 72.2 | 48.7 | 38.4 | 46.0 | 54.4 | 50.1 | 34.0 | 42.9 | 49.2 | 45.2 | 40.1 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 51.8 | 80.3 | 40.9 | 42.1 | 48.0 | 62.2 | 56.2 | 40.7 | 52.8 | 63.8 | 56.9 | 52.8 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 19.0 | 43.6 | 76.5 | 80.2 | 46.7 | 38.4 | 35.4 | 28.6 | 32.7 | 34.3 | 39.3 | 40.4 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 15.9 | 22.6 | 76.8 | 71.3 | 45.9 | 29.5 | 25.9 | 23.7 | 22.0 | 21.0 | 25.2 | 26.8 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 19.9 | 19.5 | 16.3 | 23.0 | 23.6 | 18.7 | 20.1 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 12.2 | 13.1 | 10.1 | 6.8 | 7.1 | 8.3 | 6.5 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | 4.6 | 3.2 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 2.0 | .. | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 2.2 | 102.3 | 103.9 | 94.5 | 91.2 | 91.1 | 97.7 | 95.9 | 93.6 | 94.9 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 0.9 | 1.2 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 6.3 | 4.5 | 6.5 | 4.3 | .. | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 57.2 | 91.5 | 154.2 | 175.4 | 108.3 | 99.1 | 55.9 | 59.3 | 66.5 | 83.0 | 69.3 | 63.6 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 36.2 | 57.2 | 100.0 | 92.4 | 101.3 | 112.1 | 103.7 | 79.1 | 112.0 | 126.7 | 113.7 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 4,916,034,648.2 | 4,675,949,721.5 | 6,776,694,503.4 | 6,666,379,338.7 | 7,327,526,314.8 | 7,043,574,267.9 | 8,397,253,562.3 | 8,223,877,439.2 | 8,254,466,304.0 | 7,862,003,141.4 | 7,779,155,931.2 | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 34.6 | 1.7 | 8.1 | 7.8 | .. | .. | 6.4 | 13.6 | 5.0 | 7.6 | 8.0 | .. | |
| Net migration | -395.0 | 79,780.0 | -18,207.0 | -14,783.0 | -11,601.0 | -8,856.0 | -6,268.0 | -4,472.0 | -4,476.0 | -995.0 | -995.0 | -2,491.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 4,376,768.1 | 10,352,873.1 | 29,796,433.4 | 7,710,018.1 | .. | .. | 26,242,893.0 | 12,632,343.3 | 43,959,696.2 | 43,959,696.2 | 43,959,696.2 | 44,000,000.0 | |
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