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| Population, total | 2,871,910.0 | 3,833,416.0 | 4,629,320.0 | 4,713,663.0 | 4,793,511.0 | 4,878,657.0 | 4,944,703.0 | 5,026,628.0 | 5,112,100.0 | 5,098,039.0 | 5,152,421.0 | 5,330,690.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 3.1 | 2.7 | 0.1 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.7 | -0.3 | 1.1 | 3.4 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 622,980.0 | 622,980.0 | 622,980.0 | 622,980.0 | 622,980.0 | 622,980.0 | 622,980.0 | 622,980.0 | 622,980.0 | 622,980.0 | 622,980.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 4.6 | 6.2 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 7.9 | 8.1 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.3 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 68.8 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 71.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,349,587,850.0 | 938,658,349.1 | 1,802,704,234.8 | 1,869,960,216.8 | 2,006,376,458.1 | 2,299,192,876.0 | 2,450,838,201.3 | 2,451,238,915.1 | 2,613,670,960.0 | 2,665,625,203.9 | 2,707,281,933.2 | 2,745,604,870.4 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 470.0 | 240.0 | 390.0 | 400.0 | 420.0 | 470.0 | 500.0 | 490.0 | 510.0 | 520.0 | 530.0 | 520.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 1,753,958,915.2 | 2,417,722,134.1 | 3,603,540,434.7 | 3,942,112,928.4 | 4,452,407,772.5 | 4,749,006,361.4 | 5,230,877,201.1 | 5,659,466,490.6 | 6,162,917,245.4 | 6,538,856,977.7 | 6,859,914,533.5 | 7,141,160,820.7 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 610.0 | 630.0 | 780.0 | 840.0 | 930.0 | 970.0 | 1,060.0 | 1,130.0 | 1,210.0 | 1,280.0 | 1,330.0 | 1,340.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 49.9 | 46.6 | 51.9 | 51.0 | 45.2 | 52.3 | 31.5 | 50.6 | 40.3 | 18.8 | 57.4 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.0 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 6.0 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 165.1 | 141.5 | 164.1 | 164.3 | 165.1 | 165.5 | 164.9 | 164.0 | 163.6 | 163.0 | 163.1 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 27.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 17.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 31.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 40.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 177.5 | 165.5 | 114.1 | 126.1 | 152.4 | 119.8 | 243.1 | 122.6 | 171.3 | 387.4 | 92.2 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 21.3 | .. | .. | .. | 19.7 | 20.5 | .. | .. | 18.4 | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 82.0 | 36.0 | 46.0 | 45.0 | 41.0 | 39.0 | 37.0 | 36.0 | 34.0 | 32.0 | 39.0 | 41.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 32.0 | .. | .. | 38.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 71.4 | .. | .. | 96.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 12.1 | .. | .. | 13.9 | 15.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.6 | .. | .. | 0.8 | 0.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 4.5 | 7.5 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.4 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 232,030.0 | 229,030.0 | 224,530.0 | 224,230.0 | 223,930.0 | 223,630.0 | 223,330.0 | 223,030.0 | 222,730.0 | 222,430.0 | 222,130.0 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 18.1 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 14.8 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.3 | 3.0 | 0.9 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 0.8 | 2.2 | 4.6 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 1,440,711,459.2 | 916,777,282.7 | 1,695,825,714.2 | 1,825,018,144.7 | 2,072,349,972.7 | 2,220,979,146.1 | 2,221,301,351.4 | 2,326,720,900.4 | 2,516,498,412.5 | 2,382,618,615.0 | 2,555,492,085.9 | 2,751,544,520.4 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | -2.1 | -2.5 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 3.8 | 3.1 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.5 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 1.8 | 8.5 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 6.4 | -1.2 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 3.2 | 6.0 | 3.6 | 6.0 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 31.5 | 31.9 | 32.8 | 31.2 | 28.3 | 29.5 | 35.8 | 36.2 | 28.6 | 32.5 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 22.1 | 21.6 | 20.7 | 20.6 | 20.5 | 20.4 | 21.6 | 21.2 | 20.7 | 17.8 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 17.1 | 20.4 | 17.1 | 14.8 | 17.3 | 15.9 | 15.8 | 15.2 | 13.2 | 12.3 | 14.4 | 15.5 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 25.9 | 25.3 | 36.1 | 35.7 | 39.9 | 33.7 | 34.3 | 34.3 | 30.9 | 32.9 | 29.0 | 32.4 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 12.7 | 11.1 | 21.8 | 22.5 | 25.6 | 26.0 | 26.0 | 26.0 | 25.4 | 24.3 | 23.7 | 15.4 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 5.7 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 9.5 | 9.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 5.4 | 6.8 | 7.1 | 8.6 | 8.3 | 8.7 | 8.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 2.3 | .. | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.1 | 26.8 | 26.5 | 24.5 | 26.2 | 32.3 | 36.4 | 35.8 | 38.8 | .. | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 5.3 | 11.8 | 22.1 | 29.0 | 95.6 | 0.7 | 7.7 | 37.3 | 1.9 | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 19.0 | 30.3 | 25.5 | 28.2 | 30.3 | 34.7 | 34.3 | 27.5 | 24.2 | 29.3 | 26.1 | 19.3 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 308.5 | 129.9 | 100.0 | 100.7 | 101.9 | 100.0 | 95.8 | 107.5 | 105.3 | 96.5 | 101.2 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 698,505,035.4 | 869,008,795.3 | 690,878,853.7 | 694,900,759.0 | 722,117,032.8 | 785,601,039.9 | 849,502,900.5 | 900,980,899.3 | 1,119,833,412.4 | 1,015,019,040.8 | 1,020,876,080.2 | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 13.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 8.5 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 9.7 | .. | |
| Net migration | 1,995.0 | 8,079.0 | -63,045.0 | -52,607.0 | -58,584.0 | -52,954.0 | -36,849.0 | -24,745.0 | -85,646.0 | -17,430.0 | -14,682.0 | -15,357.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 80,803.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
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