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| Population, total | 19,827,010.0 | 24,526,708.0 | 28,053,696.0 | 28,438,298.0 | 28,813,101.0 | 29,185,212.0 | 29,553,826.0 | 29,912,198.0 | 30,254,079.0 | 30,573,972.0 | 30,765,720.0 | 30,565,323.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.4 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.6 | -0.7 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | 912,050.0 | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 22.5 | 27.8 | 31.8 | 32.2 | 32.7 | 33.1 | 33.5 | 33.9 | 34.3 | 34.7 | 34.9 | 34.7 | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | 41.6 | 27.7 | 26.4 | 26.8 | 27.4 | 27.2 | 29.4 | 29.5 | 33.1 | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 52,436,274,147.8 | 99,732,734,567.5 | 259,751,226,158.6 | 290,886,433,370.6 | 335,817,312,573.1 | 346,032,458,370.6 | 373,060,695,993.1 | 356,606,570,436.9 | 392,924,529,821.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,640.0 | 4,070.0 | 9,260.0 | 10,230.0 | 11,660.0 | 11,860.0 | 12,620.0 | 11,920.0 | 12,990.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 185,303,702,607.3 | 280,571,330,159.8 | 491,438,527,472.9 | 473,749,309,620.0 | 470,340,223,235.2 | 493,557,717,634.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 9,350.0 | 11,440.0 | 17,520.0 | 16,660.0 | 16,320.0 | 16,910.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 71.0 | 72.4 | 72.6 | 72.8 | 73.1 | 73.1 | 73.1 | 73.1 | 72.8 | 73.0 | 72.0 | 71.9 | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.4 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 99.2 | 96.7 | 96.1 | 95.8 | 95.9 | 96.1 | 96.0 | 94.7 | 92.0 | 88.5 | 84.2 | 79.9 | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 75.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 94.0 | .. | .. | .. | 98.1 | 96.0 | 99.2 | 99.5 | 99.3 | 99.3 | 99.1 | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 29.6 | 21.5 | 17.2 | 17.1 | 17.2 | 17.3 | 17.6 | 17.9 | 18.3 | 19.2 | 24.3 | 24.3 | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | 6.7 | 3.9 | 3.2 | 2.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 61.0 | 84.0 | 93.0 | 87.0 | 79.0 | 86.0 | 87.0 | 85.0 | 89.0 | 92.0 | 88.0 | 96.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 76.9 | 82.7 | 93.2 | 92.9 | 91.5 | 92.9 | 95.1 | 94.2 | 95.1 | 94.3 | 92.3 | 88.7 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 103.6 | 99.9 | 101.0 | 101.2 | 100.7 | 100.7 | 100.8 | 101.2 | 100.3 | 99.9 | 97.5 | 95.1 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 53.4 | 59.1 | 79.9 | 80.8 | 80.7 | 81.7 | 83.8 | 91.5 | 90.8 | 88.8 | 85.1 | 84.0 | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 520,260.0 | 491,510.0 | 478,342.0 | 476,696.0 | 475,050.0 | 473,406.0 | 471,762.0 | 470,118.0 | 468,474.0 | 466,830.0 | 465,432.6 | 464,281.8 | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 36.9 | 36.9 | 36.9 | 36.9 | 36.9 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 0.9 | 1.1 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.0 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 1,997.6 | 2,391.4 | 2,346.8 | 2,234.3 | 2,621.3 | 2,309.2 | 2,309.9 | 2,529.7 | 2,174.6 | 2,090.9 | 1,901.7 | 1,798.7 | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 2,453.4 | 2,631.3 | 3,078.7 | 3,046.7 | 3,138.3 | 3,198.2 | 3,257.1 | 3,259.3 | 1,975.5 | 2,664.4 | 2,384.1 | 2,306.3 | |
| GDP (current US$) | 48,606,952,194.8 | 117,146,466,002.7 | 315,953,388,510.7 | 329,787,628,928.5 | 393,192,354,510.7 | 316,482,190,800.4 | 381,286,237,847.7 | 371,005,379,786.6 | 482,359,318,767.7 | .. | .. | .. | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 6.5 | 3.7 | 5.3 | -3.2 | -1.5 | 4.2 | 5.6 | 1.3 | -3.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 41.7 | 29.5 | 30.1 | 7.8 | 45.9 | 28.1 | 14.1 | 35.5 | 40.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 5.2 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 5.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 57.7 | 46.4 | 50.6 | 40.8 | 48.4 | 48.6 | 45.2 | 44.7 | 37.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 38.2 | 29.7 | 30.8 | 18.1 | 28.5 | 29.9 | 26.2 | 24.8 | 16.7 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 19.5 | 18.1 | 21.0 | 20.4 | 17.6 | 19.7 | 24.2 | 29.5 | 31.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 9.9 | 24.2 | 26.8 | 25.8 | 22.0 | 23.1 | 26.6 | 27.3 | 24.8 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | 37.4 | 14.9 | 20.2 | 25.9 | 22.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 2.2 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 22.2 | 97.7 | 98.9 | 96.8 | 98.6 | 103.4 | 103.3 | 100.9 | 95.2 | 89.7 | 80.1 | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 51.1 | 42.5 | 46.0 | 30.1 | 26.6 | 44.5 | 39.0 | 37.1 | 24.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 62.2 | 69.5 | 175.3 | 127.6 | 151.7 | 182.3 | 184.1 | 180.4 | 169.6 | 100.0 | 83.9 | 98.3 | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Net migration | -69.0 | -1,999.0 | -43,636.0 | -50,286.0 | -52,781.0 | -54,384.0 | -55,131.0 | -57,818.0 | -62,437.0 | -77,417.0 | -283,270.0 | -817,376.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 1,000,000.0 | 17,000,000.0 | 137,000,000.0 | 132,000,000.0 | 143,000,000.0 | 138,000,000.0 | 118,000,000.0 | 120,000,000.0 | 128,000,000.0 | 161,000,000.0 | 279,000,000.0 | .. | |
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