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| Population, total | 149,143,223.0 | 174,018,282.0 | 201,675,532.0 | 203,218,114.0 | 204,703,445.0 | 206,107,261.0 | 207,455,459.0 | 208,660,842.0 | 209,550,294.0 | 210,306,415.0 | 211,140,729.0 | 211,998,573.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 1.8 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,510,420.0 | 8,510,420.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 17.8 | 20.8 | 24.1 | 24.3 | 24.5 | 24.7 | 24.8 | 25.0 | 25.1 | 25.2 | 25.3 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | 30.3 | .. | 5.4 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 2.8 | 7.5 | 4.9 | 3.8 | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 367,751,704,450.4 | 687,477,556,780.3 | 2,084,247,076,763.3 | 1,839,991,782,356.0 | 1,808,496,550,076.8 | 1,920,050,002,203.9 | 1,953,066,788,958.6 | 1,686,362,765,414.0 | 1,689,214,233,969.3 | 1,774,306,722,169.8 | 1,966,123,812,518.7 | 2,108,530,453,342.6 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,470.0 | 3,950.0 | 10,330.0 | 9,050.0 | 8,830.0 | 9,320.0 | 9,410.0 | 8,080.0 | 8,060.0 | 8,440.0 | 9,310.0 | 9,950.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 970,943,125,410.3 | 1,536,571,396,399.7 | 2,932,875,378,900.4 | 2,846,197,824,931.4 | 2,924,570,810,575.4 | 3,098,565,570,875.8 | 3,244,270,827,520.2 | 3,289,682,051,766.5 | 3,669,595,464,515.1 | 4,059,062,517,984.4 | 4,329,167,193,275.7 | 4,589,247,204,333.3 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 6,510.0 | 8,830.0 | 14,540.0 | 14,010.0 | 14,290.0 | 15,030.0 | 15,640.0 | 15,770.0 | 17,510.0 | 19,300.0 | 20,500.0 | 21,650.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | 2.3 | .. | 3.6 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 4.5 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 3.7 | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 65.9 | 69.6 | 75.1 | 75.1 | 75.4 | 75.6 | 75.8 | 74.5 | 73.0 | 74.9 | 75.8 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 2.9 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 88.5 | 85.6 | 61.8 | 58.4 | 56.6 | 54.3 | 51.0 | 47.5 | 45.7 | 42.9 | 42.7 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 98.6 | 98.2 | 98.6 | 98.7 | 98.8 | 98.4 | 98.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 63.1 | 34.5 | 16.0 | 16.8 | 15.4 | 15.2 | 15.0 | 14.9 | 14.7 | 14.6 | 14.4 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 3.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 78.0 | 99.0 | 96.0 | 95.0 | 87.0 | 92.0 | 91.0 | 79.0 | 73.0 | 81.0 | 87.0 | 93.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | .. | .. | 109.2 | 108.8 | 109.8 | 108.6 | 107.4 | 105.5 | 103.5 | 104.0 | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | .. | 100.9 | 102.6 | 103.0 | 105.0 | 104.0 | 104.1 | 106.7 | 106.0 | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 5,888,980.0 | 5,510,886.0 | 5,038,850.0 | 5,020,820.0 | 5,000,920.0 | 4,990,510.0 | 4,977,990.0 | 4,966,196.0 | 4,953,910.0 | 4,941,960.0 | 4,929,787.5 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 20.4 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 28.6 | 29.2 | 29.2 | 29.3 | 29.3 | 29.5 | 29.4 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.9 | 2.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 942.3 | 1,081.4 | 1,482.0 | 1,414.9 | 1,432.0 | 1,403.4 | 1,415.8 | 1,379.2 | 1,430.4 | 1,432.7 | 1,481.2 | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 1,459.4 | 1,905.8 | 2,628.1 | 2,592.6 | 2,610.2 | 2,640.4 | 2,661.2 | 2,624.8 | 2,724.0 | 2,787.8 | 2,916.5 | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 384,959,818,181.8 | 655,448,231,983.5 | 1,802,212,206,814.5 | 1,795,693,482,853.0 | 2,063,514,977,365.7 | 1,916,933,898,011.0 | 1,873,288,205,059.7 | 1,476,107,231,310.5 | 1,670,647,398,904.9 | 1,951,923,942,083.3 | 2,191,131,765,684.6 | 2,179,412,080,828.6 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | -4.4 | 4.4 | -3.5 | -3.3 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 1.2 | -3.3 | 4.8 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.4 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 2,737.0 | 5.6 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 6.5 | 13.0 | 8.6 | 5.2 | 3.8 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 7.0 | 4.8 | 4.3 | 4.9 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 5.7 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 5.6 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 33.3 | 23.0 | 19.4 | 18.4 | 18.2 | 18.7 | 18.8 | 19.5 | 22.1 | 22.8 | 22.1 | 21.3 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 8.2 | 10.2 | 12.9 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 14.6 | 14.1 | 16.5 | 19.1 | 19.6 | 18.0 | 18.0 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 7.0 | 12.5 | 14.1 | 12.1 | 11.8 | 14.2 | 14.8 | 15.8 | 18.5 | 19.2 | 15.7 | 17.5 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 20.2 | 18.9 | 17.4 | 15.0 | 14.6 | 15.1 | 15.5 | 16.1 | 19.5 | 18.1 | 15.8 | 16.9 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 25.8 | 26.2 | 24.4 | 25.3 | 25.6 | 22.2 | 24.6 | 26.9 | 25.4 | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 13.6 | 13.7 | 13.6 | 13.9 | 13.7 | 12.7 | 14.1 | 14.7 | 14.0 | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.4 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | .. | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 13.3 | 127.8 | 120.1 | 108.1 | 101.6 | 97.4 | 98.6 | 104.8 | 101.2 | 101.0 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 14.5 | 16.0 | 14.3 | 14.7 | 14.1 | 11.4 | 9.0 | 9.1 | 9.8 | 11.1 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 14.0 | 17.4 | 20.4 | 18.1 | 18.5 | 22.2 | 22.1 | 25.4 | 30.9 | 32.1 | 27.0 | 28.2 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 61.9 | 93.1 | 100.0 | 102.4 | 108.2 | 106.9 | 107.0 | 107.7 | 123.2 | 114.5 | 117.2 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 120,311,895,094.7 | 242,511,685,521.8 | 543,397,356,309.8 | 543,257,228,545.3 | 543,000,470,110.9 | 557,765,380,774.6 | 568,708,887,352.2 | 549,325,935,898.2 | 571,530,916,149.8 | 579,468,087,189.4 | 607,115,489,833.0 | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 22.6 | 86.7 | 39.8 | 51.1 | 34.8 | 33.3 | 53.5 | 50.4 | 46.7 | 29.9 | 53.8 | .. | |
| Net migration | -30,555.0 | -45,800.0 | -173,611.0 | -92,989.0 | -156,296.0 | -230,334.0 | -129,216.0 | -78,437.0 | -208,581.0 | -253,639.0 | -240,059.0 | -225,510.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 573,000,000.0 | 1,349,591,000.0 | 2,896,909,951.7 | 2,739,786,526.6 | 2,698,770,651.2 | 2,933,489,276.5 | 3,213,621,676.7 | 3,566,219,438.5 | 4,102,018,147.7 | 4,973,758,734.6 | 4,433,700,953.4 | 4,902,400,448.3 | |
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