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Population, total | 521,314,712.0 | 681,125,107.0 | 997,961,037.0 | 1,025,251,114.0 | 1,052,824,144.0 | 1,080,941,647.0 | 1,109,997,000.0 | 1,139,315,618.0 | 1,169,015,451.0 | 1,199,011,925.0 | 1,229,208,573.0 | 1,259,902,353.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 24,273,011.0 | 24,273,011.0 | 24,328,272.0 | 24,328,325.6 | 24,328,312.9 | 24,328,307.2 | 24,328,313.4 | 24,328,290.2 | 24,328,249.0 | 24,328,249.0 | 24,328,252.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 25.9 | 32.1 | 41.8 | 42.9 | 44.1 | 45.2 | 46.5 | 47.7 | 48.9 | 50.2 | 51.5 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 390,834,567,839.2 | 450,435,107,664.4 | 1,803,678,795,752.0 | 1,747,673,157,149.6 | 1,617,163,501,648.4 | 1,563,309,785,144.3 | 1,661,592,984,904.8 | 1,781,399,251,431.3 | 1,753,846,846,757.0 | 1,875,686,661,486.9 | 2,003,790,413,356.4 | 2,041,956,335,222.0 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 749.7 | 661.3 | 1,807.4 | 1,704.6 | 1,536.0 | 1,446.2 | 1,496.9 | 1,563.6 | 1,500.3 | 1,564.4 | 1,630.1 | 1,620.7 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 911,820,199,244.1 | 1,396,467,612,888.1 | 3,561,764,210,130.9 | 3,677,339,945,197.5 | 3,833,371,518,944.5 | 4,038,703,574,477.5 | 4,167,894,626,199.6 | 4,462,929,513,793.1 | 4,534,766,145,046.5 | 4,933,271,256,745.4 | 5,470,458,206,461.5 | 5,836,944,688,851.2 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,749.1 | 2,050.2 | 3,569.0 | 3,586.8 | 3,641.0 | 3,736.3 | 3,754.9 | 3,917.2 | 3,879.1 | 4,114.4 | 4,450.4 | 4,632.9 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 49.8 | 51.3 | 59.1 | 59.5 | 60.0 | 60.4 | 60.8 | 61.2 | 60.8 | 60.2 | 60.7 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.3 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.5 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 137.6 | 128.4 | 112.8 | 109.4 | 105.9 | 103.0 | 100.8 | 98.9 | 96.8 | 95.7 | 94.4 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 15.1 | 22.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 32.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 41.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 64.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 178.8 | 150.7 | 88.7 | 86.3 | 84.0 | 81.7 | 79.4 | 77.1 | 75.0 | 72.8 | 70.7 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 56.6 | 52.2 | 68.5 | 67.7 | 68.0 | 69.4 | 69.9 | 70.8 | 69.5 | 67.3 | 67.4 | 68.5 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 54.3 | 53.6 | 67.6 | 67.8 | 68.2 | 68.6 | 69.4 | 69.8 | 70.5 | 71.3 | 70.3 | 69.9 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 71.7 | 80.3 | 98.3 | 96.7 | 96.7 | 97.1 | 97.7 | 98.4 | 99.0 | 98.1 | 98.0 | 98.3 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 23.0 | 25.6 | 43.0 | 43.5 | 43.0 | 43.2 | 43.3 | 44.0 | 44.5 | 45.0 | 44.8 | 44.8 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 2.9 | 5.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 3.8 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 6,828,285.8 | 6,722,525.4 | 6,510,132.4 | 6,470,986.5 | 6,430,836.9 | 6,391,509.3 | 6,352,213.4 | 6,311,896.3 | 6,271,975.7 | 6,231,790.8 | 6,191,782.1 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 14.2 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.8 | 14.6 | 14.7 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.9 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 681.1 | 643.5 | 666.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 515.9 | 502.0 | 472.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 379,311,825,675.5 | 428,340,828,932.0 | 1,876,123,974,059.9 | 1,670,044,721,688.2 | 1,523,303,785,527.2 | 1,660,848,124,029.9 | 1,782,800,988,574.0 | 1,836,204,944,040.0 | 1,723,193,433,652.9 | 1,935,057,601,074.2 | 2,075,397,087,141.8 | 2,044,578,421,949.8 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 2.4 | 3.5 | 4.9 | 2.9 | 1.3 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.7 | -2.0 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 2.8 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 10.6 | 8.5 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 4.1 | 2.7 | 4.3 | 5.6 | 8.3 | 4.7 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 19.1 | 15.3 | 15.4 | 16.2 | 16.4 | 15.7 | 15.6 | 16.2 | 18.1 | 17.0 | 17.2 | 16.9 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 29.2 | 28.5 | 27.2 | 24.2 | 23.4 | 25.5 | 27.4 | 26.9 | 26.3 | 27.6 | 28.4 | 27.1 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 23.2 | 27.9 | 24.7 | 21.5 | 21.7 | 23.1 | 24.6 | 23.0 | 21.1 | 25.1 | 26.8 | 25.6 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 21.2 | 26.1 | 26.5 | 25.8 | 25.0 | 24.7 | 25.6 | 23.8 | 22.2 | 24.4 | 27.2 | 27.3 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 22.8 | 22.7 | 24.1 | 24.4 | 23.7 | 23.5 | 23.4 | 22.9 | 22.2 | 22.6 | 23.8 | 24.3 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 29.1 | 28.9 | 28.2 | 24.1 | 23.2 | 21.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.7 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 1.7 | 69.4 | 73.3 | 71.5 | 70.8 | 74.4 | 77.4 | 81.0 | 82.9 | 87.6 | 89.2 | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 5.7 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 5.6 | 4.7 | 5.7 | 5.6 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 33.7 | 41.6 | 46.0 | 40.8 | 39.1 | 39.2 | 41.8 | 39.3 | 35.6 | 41.2 | 44.7 | 42.5 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Net migration | -434,257.0 | -659,224.0 | -595,572.0 | -96,126.0 | -748,976.0 | 267,989.0 | 149,019.0 | -170,106.0 | 300,153.0 | 37,923.0 | -302,237.0 | -662,302.0 | |
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