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Population, total | 516,560,181.0 | 671,131,355.0 | 981,415,249.0 | 1,008,605,380.0 | 1,036,061,312.0 | 1,063,789,431.0 | 1,092,307,211.0 | 1,121,451,424.0 | 1,151,203,619.0 | 1,181,063,755.0 | 1,211,070,124.0 | 1,241,778,044.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 24,272,551.0 | 24,272,551.0 | 24,327,812.0 | 24,327,865.5 | 24,327,852.9 | 24,327,847.3 | 24,327,853.4 | 24,327,847.1 | 24,327,805.9 | 24,327,805.9 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 21.9 | 28.4 | 41.1 | 42.2 | 43.4 | 44.5 | 45.7 | 46.9 | 48.2 | 49.4 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | 449,750,323,573.2 | 1,799,535,296,188.3 | 1,744,973,056,368.8 | 1,614,237,273,518.5 | 1,552,617,435,634.0 | 1,649,298,156,025.1 | 1,765,317,366,522.3 | 1,745,188,124,929.6 | 1,866,663,846,217.3 | 1,991,637,621,910.7 | 2,037,504,228,509.3 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | 670.1 | 1,833.6 | 1,730.1 | 1,558.1 | 1,459.5 | 1,509.9 | 1,574.1 | 1,516.0 | 1,580.5 | 1,644.5 | 1,640.8 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 908,972,307,163.6 | 1,393,207,125,216.4 | 3,554,666,163,539.5 | 3,671,557,742,520.3 | 3,826,664,884,875.7 | 3,962,375,329,206.4 | 4,158,530,069,123.0 | 4,442,616,445,462.3 | 4,508,171,543,616.5 | 4,918,675,976,565.4 | 5,451,519,549,276.7 | 5,849,970,719,473.2 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,759.7 | 2,075.9 | 3,622.0 | 3,640.2 | 3,693.5 | 3,724.8 | 3,807.1 | 3,961.5 | 3,916.1 | 4,164.6 | 4,501.4 | 4,711.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 49.8 | 51.3 | 59.1 | 59.6 | 60.1 | 60.5 | 60.9 | 61.2 | 60.8 | 60.2 | 60.8 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.3 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.5 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 138.3 | 128.0 | 113.5 | 110.3 | 107.3 | 104.9 | 103.7 | 103.0 | 101.5 | 100.4 | 98.7 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 15.4 | 22.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 32.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 41.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 64.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 178.8 | 150.7 | 88.7 | 86.4 | 84.0 | 81.7 | 79.4 | 77.1 | 75.0 | 72.8 | 70.7 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 56.7 | 52.3 | 69.0 | 68.2 | 68.3 | 69.9 | 70.1 | 71.0 | 70.0 | 68.3 | 68.6 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 54.3 | 53.6 | 67.6 | 67.8 | 68.2 | 68.6 | 69.4 | 69.8 | 70.5 | 71.3 | 70.3 | 69.9 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 71.6 | 80.3 | 98.3 | 96.7 | 96.7 | 97.1 | 97.7 | 98.4 | 99.0 | 98.1 | 98.0 | 98.3 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 23.0 | 25.5 | 43.0 | 43.5 | 43.0 | 43.2 | 43.3 | 44.0 | 44.5 | 45.0 | 44.8 | 44.8 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 2.9 | 5.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 3.8 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 7,339,307.5 | 7,012,020.0 | 6,509,795.4 | 6,470,649.5 | 6,430,499.9 | 6,391,172.3 | 6,351,876.4 | 6,311,559.3 | 6,271,638.7 | 6,231,453.8 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 14.2 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.8 | 14.6 | 14.7 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.9 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 688.1 | 654.0 | 679.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 521.2 | 510.2 | 481.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 373,310,030,639.6 | 427,688,179,170.9 | 1,872,887,522,797.0 | 1,667,230,590,352.5 | 1,520,442,531,814.6 | 1,624,180,269,855.8 | 1,779,124,613,364.6 | 1,828,592,235,182.9 | 1,714,838,253,754.9 | 1,931,278,037,791.9 | 2,059,044,970,799.4 | 2,030,607,752,381.9 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 2.3 | 3.5 | 4.9 | 2.9 | 1.2 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 2.7 | -2.0 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 3.0 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 10.6 | 8.8 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 4.8 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 5.4 | 8.6 | 6.6 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 19.4 | 15.3 | 15.4 | 16.3 | 16.4 | 15.9 | 15.6 | 16.3 | 18.2 | 17.0 | 17.3 | 17.2 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 29.6 | 28.5 | 27.2 | 24.2 | 23.4 | 25.2 | 27.3 | 26.9 | 26.2 | 27.5 | 28.3 | 27.4 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 23.6 | 28.0 | 24.6 | 21.5 | 21.6 | 23.5 | 24.5 | 22.9 | 21.1 | 24.8 | 26.8 | 25.7 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 21.6 | 26.3 | 26.4 | 25.8 | 25.0 | 25.2 | 25.6 | 23.8 | 22.2 | 24.4 | 27.3 | 27.3 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 23.2 | 22.8 | 24.1 | 24.4 | 23.7 | 24.0 | 23.3 | 22.8 | 22.2 | 22.8 | 23.8 | 24.5 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 29.0 | 28.8 | 28.1 | 23.9 | 23.0 | 21.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.2 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 1.7 | 69.4 | 74.5 | 72.6 | 71.9 | 81.2 | 78.6 | 82.1 | 84.2 | 88.6 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 5.7 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 5.6 | 4.7 | 5.8 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 32.9 | 41.8 | 46.1 | 40.8 | 39.1 | 39.9 | 41.8 | 39.5 | 35.6 | 41.1 | 44.8 | 42.2 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 176,261,891,941.5 | 216,182,516,772.1 | 505,087,150,663.5 | 510,365,565,952.5 | 556,366,270,869.9 | 650,514,220,715.8 | 689,071,386,089.0 | 737,972,859,002.7 | 775,929,514,130.3 | 814,648,028,064.6 | 831,561,818,191.9 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | 11.9 | 9.0 | 15.4 | 15.0 | 13.5 | 17.3 | 18.5 | 20.1 | 17.8 | 15.8 | .. | |
Net migration | -506,279.0 | -587,537.0 | -480,289.0 | 34,287.0 | -1,032,245.0 | -544,157.0 | -622,269.0 | -516,267.0 | -148,862.0 | -444,392.0 | -460,191.0 | -454,882.0 | |
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