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Population, total | 521,245,205.0 | 681,043,976.0 | 997,869,678.0 | 1,025,157,695.0 | 1,052,729,467.0 | 1,080,845,804.0 | 1,109,900,238.0 | 1,139,217,993.0 | 1,168,916,989.0 | 1,198,912,667.0 | 1,229,088,695.0 | 1,259,782,580.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 24,272,551.0 | 24,272,551.0 | 24,327,812.0 | 24,327,865.6 | 24,327,852.9 | 24,327,847.2 | 24,327,853.4 | 24,327,830.2 | 24,327,789.0 | 24,327,789.0 | 24,327,792.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 25.9 | 32.1 | 41.8 | 42.9 | 44.1 | 45.2 | 46.5 | 47.7 | 48.9 | 50.2 | 51.4 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 390,450,826,395.8 | 449,702,333,294.1 | 1,802,459,865,733.2 | 1,746,294,906,563.8 | 1,615,683,944,538.8 | 1,561,758,743,159.7 | 1,659,888,206,953.5 | 1,779,573,761,036.5 | 1,752,330,870,384.3 | 1,874,202,491,884.3 | 2,001,992,376,840.6 | 2,039,927,340,874.0 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 749.1 | 660.3 | 1,806.3 | 1,703.4 | 1,534.8 | 1,444.9 | 1,495.5 | 1,562.1 | 1,499.1 | 1,563.3 | 1,628.8 | 1,619.3 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 911,202,990,448.5 | 1,395,245,331,594.9 | 3,559,626,676,113.0 | 3,675,102,523,570.0 | 3,830,833,451,503.9 | 4,035,961,321,661.5 | 4,164,936,605,803.2 | 4,459,721,089,392.4 | 4,531,816,908,641.2 | 4,930,421,793,768.9 | 5,466,905,849,166.9 | 5,833,057,771,111.3 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,748.1 | 2,048.7 | 3,567.2 | 3,584.9 | 3,639.0 | 3,734.1 | 3,752.5 | 3,914.7 | 3,876.9 | 4,112.4 | 4,447.9 | 4,630.2 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 49.8 | 51.3 | 59.1 | 59.5 | 60.0 | 60.4 | 60.8 | 61.2 | 60.8 | 60.2 | 60.7 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.3 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.5 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 137.6 | 128.4 | 112.8 | 109.4 | 105.9 | 103.0 | 100.8 | 98.9 | 96.8 | 95.7 | 94.4 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 15.1 | 22.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 32.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 41.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 64.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 178.8 | 150.7 | 88.7 | 86.4 | 84.0 | 81.7 | 79.4 | 77.1 | 75.0 | 72.8 | 70.7 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 56.5 | 52.2 | 68.5 | 67.7 | 68.0 | 69.4 | 69.9 | 70.8 | 69.5 | 67.3 | 67.4 | 68.5 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 54.3 | 53.6 | 67.6 | 67.8 | 68.2 | 68.6 | 69.4 | 69.8 | 70.5 | 71.3 | 70.3 | 69.9 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 71.6 | 80.3 | 98.3 | 96.7 | 96.7 | 97.1 | 97.7 | 98.4 | 99.0 | 98.1 | 98.0 | 98.3 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 23.0 | 25.5 | 43.0 | 43.5 | 43.0 | 43.2 | 43.3 | 44.0 | 44.5 | 45.0 | 44.8 | 44.8 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 2.9 | 5.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 3.8 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 6,827,948.8 | 6,722,188.4 | 6,509,795.4 | 6,470,649.5 | 6,430,499.9 | 6,391,172.3 | 6,351,876.4 | 6,311,559.3 | 6,271,638.7 | 6,231,453.8 | 6,191,445.1 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 14.2 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.8 | 14.6 | 14.7 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.9 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 681.1 | 643.5 | 666.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 515.9 | 502.0 | 472.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 378,918,407,182.6 | 427,682,851,353.9 | 1,874,736,396,189.8 | 1,668,612,318,336.0 | 1,521,735,272,179.1 | 1,659,172,753,388.9 | 1,781,016,674,647.2 | 1,834,336,253,943.3 | 1,721,810,881,901.3 | 1,933,570,427,279.4 | 2,073,339,118,622.0 | 2,042,436,971,778.6 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 2.3 | 3.5 | 4.9 | 2.9 | 1.2 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.7 | -2.0 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 2.8 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 10.6 | 8.8 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 4.2 | 2.9 | 4.2 | 5.9 | 8.7 | 4.8 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 19.1 | 15.3 | 15.4 | 16.3 | 16.4 | 15.7 | 15.6 | 16.2 | 18.1 | 17.0 | 17.2 | 17.0 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 29.2 | 28.5 | 27.2 | 24.2 | 23.4 | 25.5 | 27.4 | 26.9 | 26.3 | 27.6 | 28.4 | 27.1 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 23.2 | 27.8 | 24.6 | 21.5 | 21.6 | 23.0 | 24.5 | 22.9 | 21.1 | 25.1 | 26.8 | 25.5 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 21.1 | 26.0 | 26.4 | 25.7 | 25.0 | 24.6 | 25.5 | 23.8 | 22.2 | 24.3 | 27.1 | 27.3 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 22.8 | 22.7 | 24.1 | 24.4 | 23.7 | 23.5 | 23.4 | 22.9 | 22.2 | 22.6 | 23.8 | 24.4 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 29.0 | 28.8 | 28.1 | 23.9 | 23.0 | 21.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.7 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 1.7 | 69.4 | 74.5 | 72.6 | 71.9 | 81.2 | 78.6 | 82.1 | 84.2 | 88.6 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 5.7 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 5.6 | 4.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 33.7 | 41.6 | 46.0 | 40.8 | 39.1 | 39.1 | 41.8 | 39.2 | 35.5 | 41.2 | 44.7 | 42.4 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 176,261,891,941.5 | 216,282,550,772.1 | 511,806,305,869.3 | 515,334,909,176.8 | 560,878,380,187.8 | 655,149,569,448.0 | 697,268,149,441.0 | 746,605,363,794.2 | 786,424,903,748.8 | 825,625,765,602.6 | 841,088,173,933.7 | 863,277,198,321.0 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | 12.3 | 8.9 | 15.7 | 15.5 | 13.7 | 17.2 | 18.3 | 20.0 | 17.9 | 15.7 | 16.0 | |
Net migration | -434,029.0 | -659,685.0 | -597,314.0 | -97,845.0 | -750,658.0 | 266,296.0 | 147,286.0 | -171,876.0 | 298,427.0 | 35,837.0 | -304,025.0 | -664,111.0 | |
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