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| Population, total | 1,013,297,018.0 | 1,237,185,482.0 | 1,537,370,078.0 | 1,555,111,864.0 | 1,572,520,427.0 | 1,589,164,714.0 | 1,605,412,986.0 | 1,621,073,417.0 | 1,634,785,356.0 | 1,648,009,565.0 | 1,662,580,579.0 | 1,677,384,532.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.2 | 1.9 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 3,695,810.0 | 3,688,887.0 | 3,686,374.0 | 3,686,374.0 | 3,686,721.0 | 3,686,310.0 | 3,686,310.0 | 3,686,310.0 | 3,686,310.0 | 3,686,310.0 | .. | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 301.9 | 369.4 | 459.3 | 464.6 | 469.8 | 474.8 | 479.7 | 484.3 | 488.4 | 492.4 | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | 49.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 9.4 | 7.9 | 6.1 | 4.7 | 3.8 | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 379,686,283,455.5 | 545,613,316,203.7 | 2,400,878,351,475.2 | 2,587,776,761,198.3 | 2,830,717,215,189.1 | 3,176,295,071,309.2 | 3,380,051,828,640.1 | 3,172,448,012,214.9 | 3,633,313,606,172.8 | 4,017,988,255,065.0 | 4,327,708,967,624.2 | 4,466,224,023,019.7 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 374.7 | 441.0 | 1,561.7 | 1,664.0 | 1,800.1 | 1,998.7 | 2,105.4 | 1,957.0 | 2,222.5 | 2,438.1 | 2,603.0 | 2,662.6 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 1,200,320,252,205.4 | 2,516,973,239,606.2 | 8,176,603,393,813.3 | 8,847,229,510,668.2 | 9,486,846,197,254.6 | 10,494,631,309,995.5 | 11,316,218,434,377.4 | 11,205,154,387,876.7 | 13,027,028,001,453.4 | 14,912,462,748,605.4 | 16,768,477,268,561.3 | 18,235,867,968,594.6 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,184.6 | 2,034.4 | 5,318.6 | 5,689.1 | 6,032.9 | 6,603.9 | 7,048.8 | 6,912.2 | 7,968.6 | 9,048.8 | 10,085.8 | 10,871.6 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 58.4 | 62.8 | 69.5 | 69.9 | 70.3 | 70.7 | 71.0 | 70.4 | 67.8 | 72.0 | 72.3 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.1 | 3.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 140.9 | 117.7 | 27.9 | 24.6 | 24.4 | 24.1 | 23.6 | 23.3 | 22.8 | 22.4 | 22.2 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 44.0 | 47.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 66.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 38.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 85.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 130.5 | 93.4 | 49.5 | 47.1 | 44.9 | 42.8 | 40.9 | 39.2 | 37.6 | 36.1 | 34.8 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 42.8 | 30.7 | 29.9 | 29.2 | 28.5 | 27.8 | 27.1 | 26.4 | 25.7 | 25.1 | 24.4 | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 57.4 | 58.9 | 88.2 | 89.0 | 90.9 | 93.5 | 95.2 | 90.0 | 90.1 | 95.1 | 93.5 | 96.9 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 73.2 | 98.5 | 98.8 | 98.3 | 96.3 | 95.9 | 97.6 | 98.6 | 112.1 | 93.8 | 94.4 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | .. | 98.6 | 112.9 | 118.4 | 117.0 | 102.8 | 101.6 | 103.3 | 104.3 | 111.8 | 112.8 | 119.0 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 47.5 | 72.9 | 74.7 | 73.5 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 77.0 | 79.3 | 79.9 | 77.9 | 76.9 | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.2 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 763,882.0 | 800,653.3 | 835,182.5 | 837,834.7 | 840,486.9 | 843,139.1 | 845,791.3 | 848,443.5 | 851,095.7 | 853,747.9 | .. | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 4.5 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 37.6 | 37.6 | 37.6 | 37.6 | 37.6 | 37.6 | 37.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.3 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 300.1 | 366.0 | 577.2 | 584.6 | 603.3 | 621.0 | 621.3 | 591.7 | 632.6 | 676.4 | 754.2 | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 239.8 | 345.9 | 773.8 | 815.5 | 853.1 | 901.9 | 922.0 | 846.7 | 908.2 | 1,016.5 | 1,181.6 | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 364,740,287,587.9 | 544,675,445,924.6 | 2,414,503,392,484.4 | 2,679,313,169,378.0 | 3,075,955,432,871.7 | 3,159,841,615,195.1 | 3,318,484,576,527.3 | 3,172,770,463,749.5 | 3,717,045,071,833.1 | 3,930,640,282,535.1 | 4,210,278,492,152.9 | 4,514,924,632,400.3 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 5.6 | 4.1 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 6.8 | 6.4 | 4.1 | -5.0 | 9.2 | 7.1 | 8.5 | 6.2 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 8.6 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 7.2 | 5.8 | 5.1 | 3.3 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 28.0 | 21.8 | 15.9 | 15.8 | 16.0 | 15.5 | 16.0 | 17.6 | 16.6 | 15.8 | 15.5 | 15.7 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 26.7 | 26.8 | 27.2 | 27.0 | 27.0 | 26.9 | 25.5 | 26.0 | 27.2 | 26.3 | 26.1 | 25.3 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 7.6 | 14.0 | 19.6 | 18.7 | 18.2 | 19.2 | 18.1 | 17.5 | 20.0 | 21.9 | 20.5 | 20.0 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 9.8 | 15.7 | 22.8 | 21.0 | 21.9 | 23.7 | 21.4 | 19.0 | 23.5 | 26.4 | 23.1 | 22.9 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 26.7 | 26.1 | 31.9 | 30.4 | 31.3 | 32.6 | 30.6 | 29.3 | 32.1 | 33.4 | 32.9 | 32.3 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 12.7 | 11.9 | 12.3 | 12.6 | 12.5 | 12.9 | .. | .. | .. | 9.1 | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 10.3 | 9.0 | 10.5 | 10.9 | 11.1 | 11.7 | .. | .. | .. | 6.8 | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.3 | .. | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.3 | 74.4 | 81.8 | 84.8 | 85.5 | 83.9 | 84.3 | 84.6 | 83.8 | 83.6 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 7.2 | 7.3 | 7.1 | 9.0 | 9.9 | 10.7 | 9.9 | 12.4 | 14.6 | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 14.4 | 22.8 | 32.2 | 28.0 | 28.8 | 31.4 | 28.9 | 24.5 | 30.9 | 34.8 | 30.0 | 29.1 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 124,235,005,383.7 | 162,595,531,798.5 | 640,067,551,262.4 | 629,400,949,511.5 | 718,457,654,388.7 | 744,583,789,601.5 | 804,438,253,563.3 | 831,282,887,545.1 | 912,802,690,838.9 | 918,691,823,421.4 | 961,453,754,730.8 | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 30.2 | 17.2 | 11.2 | 16.2 | 10.8 | 12.2 | 11.2 | 16.4 | 9.8 | 10.1 | 11.7 | .. | |
| Net migration | -476,238.0 | -675,441.0 | -1,805,393.0 | -1,187,121.0 | -1,670,087.0 | -1,932,697.0 | -1,832,053.0 | -934,135.0 | -1,233,524.0 | -2,312,607.0 | -1,969,476.0 | -1,535,417.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 3,565,081,408.5 | 16,118,975,421.3 | 97,958,196,628.3 | 90,230,509,205.6 | 96,634,709,132.0 | 109,748,448,281.6 | 116,750,192,940.6 | 120,237,063,786.3 | 125,406,730,583.4 | 158,566,152,257.9 | 173,465,494,795.1 | 200,056,713,935.9 | |
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