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Population, total | 417,144,782.0 | 553,089,230.0 | 832,469,778.0 | 856,420,253.0 | 880,891,473.0 | 905,987,912.0 | 931,467,165.0 | 957,503,246.0 | 984,213,438.0 | 1,011,043,183.0 | 1,038,012,552.0 | 1,065,710,613.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.6 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 20,553,531.0 | 20,671,131.0 | 20,691,213.8 | 20,691,266.4 | 20,691,255.2 | 20,691,249.0 | 20,691,255.9 | 20,691,259.1 | 20,691,221.3 | 20,691,219.3 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 20.8 | 27.4 | 41.0 | 42.2 | 43.4 | 44.6 | 45.9 | 47.1 | 48.5 | 49.8 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | .. | 1,455,596,144,683.9 | 1,404,613,118,025.7 | 1,287,768,896,348.5 | 1,191,121,470,229.3 | 1,248,891,666,069.4 | 1,358,000,221,863.4 | 1,334,822,001,969.1 | 1,409,067,396,332.7 | 1,524,400,280,344.1 | 1,559,806,061,519.3 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | .. | 1,748.5 | 1,640.1 | 1,461.9 | 1,314.7 | 1,340.8 | 1,418.3 | 1,356.2 | 1,393.7 | 1,468.6 | 1,463.6 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | .. | .. | 2,915,133,955,931.0 | 2,864,689,308,450.3 | 2,971,795,952,933.8 | 3,123,282,020,431.0 | 3,374,540,534,724.6 | 3,622,901,054,758.4 | 3,611,662,413,504.5 | 3,961,805,384,602.5 | 4,404,068,423,551.0 | 4,693,485,283,184.0 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | .. | .. | 3,501.8 | 3,345.0 | 3,373.6 | 3,447.4 | 3,622.8 | 3,783.7 | 3,669.6 | 3,918.5 | 4,242.8 | 4,404.1 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 48.7 | 51.5 | 58.8 | 59.1 | 59.5 | 60.0 | 60.4 | 60.7 | 60.2 | 59.9 | 60.5 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.6 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.8 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 139.2 | 134.4 | 120.5 | 117.0 | 113.8 | 111.5 | 110.0 | 108.8 | 107.1 | 106.0 | 104.3 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 10.3 | 19.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 29.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 43.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 64.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 184.3 | 153.1 | 92.2 | 89.9 | 87.6 | 85.4 | 83.1 | 80.8 | 78.5 | 76.2 | 73.9 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 55.4 | 51.6 | 68.1 | 67.2 | 67.7 | 69.5 | 70.6 | 71.0 | 69.6 | 67.9 | 68.7 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 54.2 | 54.8 | 67.4 | 67.5 | 67.9 | 68.2 | 68.7 | 68.7 | 69.2 | 70.0 | 69.2 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 71.8 | 79.7 | 98.0 | 95.7 | 95.6 | 95.8 | 96.4 | 97.0 | 97.4 | 97.6 | 97.6 | 98.0 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 20.2 | 22.6 | 40.9 | 41.5 | 41.1 | 41.5 | 42.0 | 42.6 | 43.2 | 43.6 | 43.4 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 2.7 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.5 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 6,173,424.8 | 5,903,417.6 | 5,459,905.5 | 5,424,418.4 | 5,387,374.5 | 5,351,162.0 | 5,315,324.2 | 5,278,468.2 | 5,242,008.6 | 5,205,284.7 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 12.4 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 13.1 | 13.0 | 13.1 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 4.4 | 4.4 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.5 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 543.9 | 521.1 | 576.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 184.8 | 169.6 | 252.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 411,261,396,125.2 | 282,743,056,562.7 | 1,535,536,224,140.7 | 1,305,833,014,908.8 | 1,163,168,926,723.8 | 1,214,614,486,271.3 | 1,353,360,006,187.6 | 1,427,162,956,056.2 | 1,309,584,194,481.2 | 1,435,824,208,115.6 | 1,639,586,866,408.7 | 1,562,533,897,053.5 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 8.3 | 5.6 | 5.1 | 3.3 | 2.4 | 1.6 | 2.6 | 3.3 | -2.6 | 3.2 | 4.1 | 2.4 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 10.5 | 8.5 | 1.3 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 4.6 | 3.8 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 5.9 | 8.3 | 6.0 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 18.0 | 19.9 | 16.8 | 18.0 | 18.0 | 17.6 | 17.2 | 17.6 | 19.9 | 18.3 | 17.3 | 16.8 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 49.7 | 38.7 | 32.0 | 26.7 | 25.8 | 29.2 | 32.3 | 31.6 | 28.6 | 32.4 | 35.5 | 32.1 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 15.3 | 37.7 | 25.0 | 19.9 | 18.8 | 22.5 | 25.5 | 23.3 | 19.3 | 24.4 | 26.1 | .. | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 16.3 | 31.6 | 25.1 | 24.3 | 22.6 | 23.6 | 24.0 | 23.1 | 22.4 | 23.4 | 25.0 | 26.0 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 26.1 | 26.2 | 25.3 | 21.3 | 21.2 | 20.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | .. | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.2 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.4 | 67.2 | 70.7 | 68.1 | 68.6 | 73.4 | 75.7 | 80.0 | 80.4 | 86.8 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.5 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 19.1 | 44.4 | 44.6 | 38.8 | 35.8 | 39.0 | 42.7 | 40.8 | 34.7 | 40.9 | 46.3 | 45.1 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Net migration | -2,221,922.0 | -1,126,792.0 | -515,267.0 | -877,524.0 | -379,760.0 | -577,864.0 | -594,290.0 | -457,552.0 | 57,214.0 | -647,431.0 | -542,887.0 | -538,217.0 | |
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