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Population, total | 3,896,481.0 | 5,537,064.0 | 8,523,441.0 | 8,743,246.0 | 8,961,718.0 | 9,178,714.0 | 9,394,513.0 | 9,609,010.0 | 9,815,746.0 | 10,012,896.0 | 10,203,169.0 | 10,389,635.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.6 | 3.4 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 462,840.0 | 462,840.0 | 462,840.0 | 462,840.0 | 462,840.0 | 462,840.0 | 462,840.0 | 462,840.0 | 462,840.0 | 462,840.0 | 462,840.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 8.6 | 12.2 | 18.8 | 19.3 | 19.8 | 20.3 | 20.7 | 21.2 | 21.7 | 22.1 | 22.5 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 3,425,628,756.0 | 3,320,882,973.3 | 23,770,125,366.4 | 22,072,947,321.2 | 21,605,357,906.2 | 21,203,311,441.1 | 21,715,188,593.0 | 23,213,597,721.9 | 23,610,383,468.8 | 23,745,323,177.3 | 27,492,374,559.1 | 29,306,179,272.9 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 880.0 | 600.0 | 2,790.0 | 2,520.0 | 2,410.0 | 2,310.0 | 2,310.0 | 2,420.0 | 2,410.0 | 2,370.0 | 2,690.0 | 2,820.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 6,474,475,941.6 | 11,678,066,772.5 | 29,311,938,639.5 | 29,989,720,994.0 | 32,613,538,939.4 | 34,299,826,396.5 | 34,705,324,953.2 | 36,273,441,437.9 | 37,082,737,557.1 | 37,395,476,684.9 | 42,439,401,776.6 | 45,143,247,464.3 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,660.0 | 2,110.0 | 3,440.0 | 3,430.0 | 3,640.0 | 3,740.0 | 3,690.0 | 3,770.0 | 3,780.0 | 3,730.0 | 4,160.0 | 4,350.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 59.7 | 61.7 | 64.3 | 64.7 | 64.8 | 65.1 | 65.2 | 65.5 | 65.8 | 65.4 | 66.0 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 5.2 | 4.5 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.2 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 84.6 | 77.4 | 64.4 | 61.7 | 59.2 | 58.5 | 57.8 | 57.0 | 56.4 | 55.7 | 55.0 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 36.7 | 36.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 41.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 56.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 85.0 | 71.6 | 52.9 | 51.5 | 50.0 | 48.5 | 47.1 | 45.6 | 44.2 | 42.9 | 41.4 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 67.0 | 69.0 | 65.0 | 57.0 | 46.0 | 41.0 | 37.0 | 37.0 | 44.0 | 35.0 | 41.0 | 52.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 51.2 | 51.9 | 70.7 | .. | 73.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 68.9 | 68.0 | .. | .. | 103.7 | .. | 109.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 12.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 44.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 363,996.8 | 362,779.7 | 360,553.1 | 360,244.2 | 359,898.8 | 359,563.5 | 359,228.2 | 358,892.9 | 358,557.6 | 358,222.3 | 357,887.0 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.0 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 3,219,729,083.1 | 3,521,339,699.1 | 23,210,823,987.3 | 21,723,437,010.1 | 20,758,876,952.6 | 22,742,699,138.4 | 24,109,780,708.0 | 24,750,626,040.6 | 23,848,447,849.7 | 26,109,413,522.3 | 31,647,277,767.4 | 30,729,242,919.4 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -3.0 | -2.5 | 13.5 | 6.6 | 5.5 | 3.5 | -0.3 | 4.5 | -3.2 | -0.5 | 5.7 | 3.0 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 4.1 | 13.1 | 5.4 | -1.2 | 2.5 | 7.7 | 9.8 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 11.6 | 15.0 | -3.6 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 29.0 | 34.0 | 17.7 | 17.5 | 17.9 | 17.6 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 18.8 | 19.0 | 16.9 | 17.0 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 30.4 | 39.3 | 32.8 | 34.8 | 34.7 | 36.4 | 36.9 | 36.7 | 33.0 | 34.0 | 40.3 | 36.3 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 40.6 | 66.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 48.9 | 49.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 24.4 | 21.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 25.2 | 24.2 | 19.3 | 16.9 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 15.4 | 14.2 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 15.3 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 53.0 | 53.0 | 41.0 | 41.0 | 41.0 | 41.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 37.2 | 40.5 | 44.6 | 41.0 | 36.5 | 37.3 | 41.7 | 38.8 | 32.6 | 36.5 | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 20.1 | 19.0 | 17.9 | 15.2 | 12.9 | 12.6 | 13.2 | 13.0 | 11.9 | 12.1 | 14.8 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.4 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.2 | 39.7 | 41.0 | 42.5 | 44.1 | 46.1 | 47.5 | 49.4 | 48.4 | .. | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 29.8 | 44.8 | 40.1 | .. | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 73.6 | 92.2 | 55.1 | 50.7 | 49.4 | 57.2 | 58.2 | 60.9 | 53.1 | 58.3 | 64.8 | 59.0 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 58.7 | 112.9 | 100.0 | 98.4 | 105.2 | 105.6 | 97.6 | 102.4 | 177.4 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 2,593,899,557.8 | 2,325,079,588.0 | 20,428,666,793.2 | 20,386,681,359.9 | 19,247,283,289.3 | 17,223,736,382.3 | 17,723,605,372.7 | 18,744,676,569.0 | 18,046,873,709.3 | 19,710,415,210.4 | 19,605,359,275.9 | 15,320,623,208.2 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 37.2 | 12.9 | 12.8 | 12.7 | 44.8 | 28.3 | 27.3 | 20.8 | 29.2 | 36.5 | 29.8 | 42.9 | |
Net migration | 2,398.0 | 41,855.0 | 32,840.0 | 30,580.0 | 28,473.0 | 26,513.0 | 24,684.0 | 22,978.0 | 10,703.0 | 10,703.0 | -787.0 | -787.0 | |
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