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Population, total | 2,455,583.0 | 3,010,369.0 | 3,892,101.0 | 3,960,035.0 | 4,029,086.0 | 4,098,707.0 | 4,167,860.0 | 4,234,700.0 | 4,293,261.0 | 4,345,405.0 | 4,400,773.0 | 4,458,759.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 75,420.0 | 75,420.0 | 75,320.0 | 75,320.0 | 75,320.0 | 75,320.0 | 75,320.0 | 75,320.0 | 75,320.0 | 75,320.0 | 75,320.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 33.0 | 40.5 | 52.5 | 53.4 | 54.4 | 55.3 | 56.2 | 57.1 | 57.9 | 58.6 | 59.3 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | 37.9 | 25.6 | 23.0 | 22.1 | 20.7 | 21.4 | 21.5 | .. | 21.8 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 11.1 | 2.9 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 1.0 | .. | 1.1 | .. | 1.3 | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 6,522,537,937.6 | 11,463,099,918.2 | 44,839,783,564.7 | 49,758,978,796.4 | 53,089,063,524.6 | 58,342,852,705.6 | 62,124,192,399.3 | 66,213,337,208.7 | 56,094,195,829.5 | 64,845,747,939.1 | 74,697,039,838.3 | 79,685,559,187.5 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,660.0 | 3,810.0 | 11,520.0 | 12,570.0 | 13,180.0 | 14,230.0 | 14,910.0 | 15,640.0 | 13,070.0 | 14,920.0 | 16,970.0 | 17,870.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 12,112,479,240.0 | 23,234,716,416.6 | 86,841,602,651.6 | 101,215,907,838.0 | 113,542,462,149.8 | 129,296,803,246.7 | 124,608,774,102.7 | 132,046,804,272.6 | 112,423,986,552.8 | 126,453,500,703.6 | 152,252,584,740.2 | 168,883,621,868.5 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 4,930.0 | 7,720.0 | 22,310.0 | 25,560.0 | 28,180.0 | 31,550.0 | 29,900.0 | 31,180.0 | 26,190.0 | 29,100.0 | 34,600.0 | 37,880.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 2.2 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 3.6 | .. | 3.7 | .. | 3.7 | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 71.1 | 74.0 | 77.2 | 77.5 | 77.7 | 77.8 | 77.9 | 77.8 | 76.7 | 76.2 | 76.8 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 96.2 | 91.9 | 90.2 | 86.6 | 82.5 | 79.1 | 75.1 | 69.3 | 62.6 | 58.0 | 57.8 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | 50.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 90.5 | 93.9 | 96.3 | 94.6 | 94.2 | 92.9 | 95.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 30.4 | 25.6 | 17.3 | 17.2 | 17.1 | 16.9 | 16.5 | 15.8 | 15.0 | 14.1 | 13.3 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 2.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 73.0 | 97.0 | 90.0 | 93.0 | 95.0 | 98.0 | 98.0 | 97.0 | 80.0 | 92.0 | 87.0 | 78.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 91.3 | 97.2 | .. | .. | 89.9 | 92.8 | 86.5 | 87.0 | 94.8 | 92.8 | 92.8 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 102.1 | 105.0 | 99.1 | 96.0 | 93.1 | 94.6 | 98.7 | 93.1 | 94.3 | 100.7 | 100.9 | 94.6 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 60.8 | 64.4 | 76.5 | 77.0 | 83.0 | 76.9 | .. | .. | .. | 82.9 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | 1.0 | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 46,074.0 | 44,421.4 | 42,823.3 | 42,709.1 | 42,595.0 | 42,480.8 | 42,366.7 | 42,252.5 | 42,138.4 | 42,024.2 | 41,910.1 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 15.3 | 27.7 | 27.7 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.9 | 3.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.8 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 607.1 | 853.4 | 1,082.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 838.5 | 1,274.9 | 2,069.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 6,433,967,000.0 | 11,966,497,000.0 | 51,427,104,900.0 | 55,767,806,100.0 | 59,760,858,700.0 | 64,327,688,800.0 | 67,316,471,200.0 | 69,778,991,200.0 | 57,059,846,500.0 | 67,396,392,500.0 | 76,276,116,700.0 | 83,318,176,900.0 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 8.1 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 5.3 | 4.6 | 5.7 | 3.9 | 3.1 | -17.8 | 16.5 | 10.8 | 7.4 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 0.6 | -1.5 | 4.7 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 0.5 | -0.5 | 1.4 | 2.2 | 1.7 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 8.1 | 6.3 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.5 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 19.4 | 18.3 | 25.8 | 26.6 | 27.4 | 28.3 | 28.3 | 28.4 | 23.4 | 26.4 | 26.5 | 27.8 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 57.5 | 69.0 | 54.9 | 47.4 | 41.7 | 41.5 | 42.3 | 40.2 | 36.3 | 41.6 | 48.1 | 46.5 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 64.3 | 70.2 | 60.1 | 49.2 | 42.7 | 42.6 | 43.8 | 40.2 | 32.4 | 38.5 | 45.6 | 43.1 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 21.1 | 28.4 | 43.6 | 42.3 | 40.3 | 41.5 | 41.2 | 38.1 | 24.0 | 31.3 | 36.0 | 37.7 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 13.2 | 12.8 | 12.7 | 13.4 | 13.2 | 11.8 | 11.5 | 11.2 | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 75.7 | 78.4 | 78.6 | 80.4 | 80.2 | 77.0 | 89.8 | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 10.0 | 9.8 | 10.1 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 8.6 | 8.0 | 7.5 | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 13.7 | 177.6 | 145.1 | 127.7 | 128.9 | 137.4 | 137.6 | 142.2 | 147.7 | 156.3 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 0.2 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1.0 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 29.2 | 35.4 | 72.6 | 60.7 | 53.8 | 51.3 | 51.2 | 47.0 | 42.5 | 50.1 | 58.4 | 61.2 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 86.0 | 125.0 | 102.5 | 100.0 | 98.3 | 100.1 | 101.8 | 99.7 | 110.4 | 106.5 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Net migration | -854.0 | 2,602.0 | 7,105.0 | 8,648.0 | 10,109.0 | 11,059.0 | 11,130.0 | 10,623.0 | 5,473.0 | 5,473.0 | 7,967.0 | 7,262.0 | |
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