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Population, total | 1,763,954.0 | 2,282,131.0 | 4,002,439.0 | 4,184,895.0 | 4,390,877.0 | 4,537,396.0 | 4,597,877.0 | 4,591,241.0 | 4,522,497.0 | 4,500,424.0 | 4,730,226.0 | 5,049,269.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 5.1 | 1.3 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 3.3 | 1.3 | -0.1 | -1.5 | -0.5 | 5.0 | 6.5 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 309,500.0 | 309,500.0 | 309,500.0 | 309,500.0 | 309,500.0 | 309,500.0 | 309,500.0 | 309,500.0 | 309,500.0 | 309,500.0 | 309,500.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 5.7 | 7.4 | 12.9 | 13.5 | 14.2 | 14.7 | 14.9 | 14.8 | 14.6 | 14.5 | 15.3 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 10,776,020,245.0 | 18,408,518,945.1 | 88,276,679,158.3 | 86,008,933,958.0 | 81,459,281,965.6 | 75,492,539,859.3 | 79,356,570,113.7 | 81,761,070,273.2 | 77,326,234,588.4 | 80,537,322,103.6 | 92,779,505,221.1 | 103,370,514,948.8 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 6,110.0 | 8,070.0 | 22,060.0 | 20,550.0 | 18,550.0 | 16,640.0 | 17,260.0 | 17,810.0 | 17,100.0 | 17,900.0 | 19,610.0 | 20,470.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 46,369,568,150.0 | 86,628,146,789.4 | 168,864,988,397.2 | 146,561,768,216.2 | 142,341,849,066.7 | 147,029,898,884.7 | 164,353,381,082.6 | 159,131,239,828.3 | 147,279,110,703.5 | 162,223,938,347.6 | 187,518,241,876.0 | 204,399,507,085.7 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 26,290.0 | 37,960.0 | 42,190.0 | 35,020.0 | 32,420.0 | 32,400.0 | 35,750.0 | 34,660.0 | 32,570.0 | 36,050.0 | 39,640.0 | 40,480.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 69.8 | 73.5 | 77.4 | 77.7 | 77.9 | 77.9 | 78.0 | 78.0 | 74.8 | 72.5 | 73.9 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.6 | 3.9 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 109.7 | 31.2 | 15.4 | 15.0 | 13.9 | 12.8 | 11.0 | 8.6 | 7.4 | 6.7 | 5.9 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 31.7 | 29.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 94.7 | 99.1 | 98.7 | 98.7 | 98.7 | 98.6 | 98.6 | 99.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 39.0 | 16.4 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.1 | 11.0 | 10.9 | 10.8 | 10.7 | 10.6 | 10.5 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | 9.7 | .. | .. | 11.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 98.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 97.0 | 99.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 66.6 | 83.4 | 103.3 | 99.0 | 101.1 | 106.9 | 97.8 | 99.2 | 92.1 | 88.5 | 86.6 | 94.5 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 82.5 | 92.6 | 105.7 | 104.0 | 103.3 | 103.7 | 101.1 | 99.7 | 92.2 | 89.2 | 90.1 | 95.6 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 38.5 | 77.6 | .. | 102.2 | 102.6 | 101.8 | 104.1 | 102.2 | 94.6 | 94.3 | 92.0 | 96.7 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 1.0 | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 28.0 | 27.0 | 26.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 24.3 | 24.1 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 92.9 | 116.7 | 116.7 | 116.7 | 116.7 | 116.7 | 116.7 | 116.7 | 116.7 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 7.8 | 1.3 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 4.6 | 2.5 | 0.9 | -0.5 | 0.4 | 5.8 | 7.3 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 2,391.9 | 3,316.6 | 6,078.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 2,246.7 | 3,182.1 | 6,485.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 13,310,273,081.9 | 22,259,557,867.4 | 92,699,089,726.9 | 78,710,793,238.0 | 75,128,738,621.6 | 80,856,697,009.1 | 91,505,851,755.5 | 88,060,858,257.5 | 75,909,492,847.9 | 87,323,797,139.1 | 111,943,823,146.9 | 108,810,923,277.0 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -0.1 | 6.2 | 1.3 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 0.3 | 1.3 | -1.1 | -3.4 | 2.6 | 9.6 | 1.3 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 42.2 | 17.5 | 1.8 | -19.1 | -9.1 | 7.3 | 11.7 | -2.7 | -10.8 | 12.1 | 17.0 | -4.1 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 2.3 | 2.0 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.3 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 47.5 | 56.2 | 62.1 | 53.1 | 47.9 | 49.6 | 53.9 | 51.4 | 47.1 | 51.9 | 58.6 | 54.3 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 41.4 | 52.9 | 61.4 | 49.7 | 41.3 | 45.7 | 50.6 | 49.5 | 47.1 | 49.4 | 59.2 | .. | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 19.8 | 28.5 | 40.8 | 46.7 | 41.5 | 43.2 | 38.7 | 37.0 | 44.8 | 42.6 | 41.4 | .. | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 10.8 | 22.6 | 28.6 | 36.4 | 36.1 | 33.8 | 31.7 | 26.9 | 27.6 | 27.9 | 26.9 | .. | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 9.3 | 9.3 | 7.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 12.4 | 7.1 | 8.9 | 9.6 | 10.6 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 7.4 | 8.0 | 6.6 | 5.0 | 5.4 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.2 | 7.1 | 153.8 | 155.8 | 153.3 | 148.8 | 140.0 | 138.2 | 140.1 | 135.1 | .. | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 4.4 | 3.2 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 8.5 | 6.6 | 7.6 | 5.0 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 62.4 | 73.9 | 86.3 | 77.4 | 70.8 | 73.4 | 73.8 | 70.7 | 81.7 | 86.6 | 93.5 | 91.1 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 67.6 | 163.5 | 100.0 | 71.0 | 80.8 | 92.9 | 84.4 | 72.9 | 96.9 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Net migration | 31,722.0 | -18,588.0 | 75,557.0 | 133,842.0 | 117,538.0 | 11,751.0 | -52,630.0 | -117,480.0 | -171,635.0 | -16,726.0 | 339,063.0 | 156,285.0 | |
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