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Population, total | 19,616,530.0 | 24,559,500.0 | 27,462,106.0 | 27,610,325.0 | 27,861,186.0 | 28,183,426.0 | 28,506,712.0 | 28,832,496.0 | 29,348,627.0 | 30,034,989.0 | 30,547,580.0 | 30,896,590.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.4 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 1.1 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 147,180.0 | 147,180.0 | 147,180.0 | 147,180.0 | 147,180.0 | 147,180.0 | 147,180.0 | 147,180.0 | 147,180.0 | 147,180.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 137.2 | 171.3 | 191.6 | 192.6 | 194.4 | 196.6 | 198.9 | 201.1 | 204.7 | 209.5 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 20.3 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.4 | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 3,921,071,408.6 | 5,409,152,952.3 | 23,743,523,782.2 | 24,128,375,452.4 | 24,065,937,869.4 | 27,232,902,794.2 | 31,521,660,761.3 | 35,197,856,079.9 | 34,584,610,733.6 | 36,938,812,371.0 | 41,059,735,664.7 | 42,332,900,721.7 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 200.0 | 220.0 | 860.0 | 870.0 | 860.0 | 970.0 | 1,110.0 | 1,220.0 | 1,180.0 | 1,230.0 | 1,340.0 | 1,370.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 16,249,407,637.2 | 32,433,168,227.9 | 81,460,782,940.7 | 83,445,512,808.5 | 84,283,663,269.4 | 101,989,475,100.0 | 111,813,669,660.3 | 122,315,293,663.1 | 124,139,939,433.8 | 134,717,047,770.2 | 152,390,463,470.8 | 161,968,127,357.7 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 830.0 | 1,320.0 | 2,970.0 | 3,020.0 | 3,030.0 | 3,620.0 | 3,920.0 | 4,240.0 | 4,230.0 | 4,490.0 | 4,990.0 | 5,240.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 8.7 | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 54.8 | 62.6 | 68.1 | 67.5 | 68.8 | 68.9 | 69.0 | 69.6 | 69.2 | 68.5 | 70.5 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 5.2 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 129.9 | 118.0 | 78.9 | 77.0 | 73.8 | 70.2 | 67.5 | 66.2 | 64.9 | 63.8 | 63.4 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 37.3 | 49.6 | .. | 52.6 | 52.6 | .. | 46.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 11.9 | 55.6 | .. | 58.0 | 58.0 | .. | 77.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 138.4 | 78.9 | 39.9 | 38.0 | 36.2 | 34.5 | 32.8 | 31.3 | 29.8 | 28.5 | 27.3 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | 29.7 | .. | 27.0 | .. | .. | 24.4 | .. | .. | 18.3 | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 57.0 | 71.0 | 88.0 | 85.0 | 83.0 | 90.0 | 91.0 | 92.0 | 87.0 | 90.0 | 90.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 64.1 | 107.7 | 110.8 | 117.2 | 120.8 | .. | 118.2 | .. | 100.8 | 100.8 | 115.0 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 108.6 | 114.6 | 141.9 | 143.0 | 143.4 | 140.8 | .. | 136.7 | 121.2 | 118.3 | 118.8 | 123.0 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 31.9 | 34.2 | 68.1 | 68.9 | 71.8 | 73.9 | .. | 79.3 | 84.6 | 83.5 | 83.9 | 89.6 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 56,720.0 | 57,807.6 | 59,620.3 | 59,620.3 | 59,620.3 | 59,620.3 | 59,620.3 | 59,620.3 | 59,620.3 | 59,620.3 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 23.6 | 23.6 | 23.6 | 23.6 | 23.6 | 23.6 | 23.6 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 6.0 | 5.8 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 3.8 | 3.2 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 295.1 | 330.1 | 425.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 33.9 | 57.3 | 143.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 3,627,560,239.5 | 5,494,252,207.9 | 22,731,612,922.2 | 24,360,801,286.8 | 24,524,109,483.5 | 28,971,588,940.4 | 33,111,525,237.1 | 34,186,180,699.0 | 33,433,659,301.2 | 36,924,841,394.3 | 41,182,939,600.7 | 40,908,073,366.8 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 4.6 | 6.2 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 0.4 | 9.0 | 7.6 | 6.7 | -2.4 | 4.8 | 5.6 | 2.0 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 10.7 | 4.5 | 8.0 | 4.4 | 7.2 | 8.3 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 3.2 | 6.8 | 8.2 | 5.4 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 48.8 | 38.2 | 27.5 | 26.5 | 25.5 | 23.7 | 22.3 | 21.6 | 22.2 | 22.0 | 20.9 | 21.2 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 15.3 | 20.7 | 13.6 | 13.2 | 12.7 | 12.9 | 13.2 | 13.0 | 12.0 | 11.8 | 12.2 | 12.1 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 10.5 | 23.3 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 8.2 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 6.8 | 5.1 | 6.7 | 7.0 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 21.7 | 32.4 | 35.9 | 36.5 | 33.9 | 36.8 | 40.6 | 41.5 | 34.1 | 37.9 | 42.3 | 34.7 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 18.1 | 24.3 | 31.0 | 31.3 | 28.2 | 37.3 | 39.5 | 41.4 | 30.4 | 35.2 | 37.6 | 31.7 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 8.4 | 10.6 | 16.2 | 17.0 | 18.6 | 19.9 | 22.0 | 22.4 | 19.4 | 19.9 | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 17.0 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 18.5 | 18.5 | 22.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 7.0 | 8.7 | 14.0 | 14.7 | 16.1 | 18.0 | 19.1 | 19.8 | 15.8 | 17.5 | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 83.8 | 99.7 | 115.3 | 128.1 | 137.4 | 134.2 | 130.2 | 127.2 | .. | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 2.4 | 1.2 | 0.6 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 24.1 | 43.3 | 37.3 | 30.3 | 39.3 | 38.3 | 40.8 | 38.9 | 32.0 | 47.6 | 36.5 | 33.0 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 118.7 | 90.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 94.6 | 88.9 | 87.4 | 102.4 | 106.7 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 1,626,688,626.5 | 2,874,494,832.4 | 3,980,972,649.0 | 4,142,916,401.3 | 4,297,388,214.0 | 4,963,402,939.1 | 5,510,938,186.4 | 6,515,787,783.1 | 7,905,755,093.5 | 8,820,814,239.1 | 9,140,163,554.9 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 15.0 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 8.4 | 9.3 | 8.5 | 7.2 | 8.3 | 12.2 | 9.9 | 10.6 | .. | |
Net migration | -650.0 | -147,403.0 | -310,157.0 | -221,059.0 | -98,016.0 | -78,062.0 | -81,130.0 | -70,597.0 | 306,664.0 | 296,541.0 | -62,012.0 | -62,012.0 | |
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