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Population, total | 4,162,559.0 | 5,022,633.0 | 6,066,492.0 | 6,149,417.0 | 6,232,666.0 | 6,316,231.0 | 6,400,080.0 | 6,483,657.0 | 6,565,267.0 | 6,644,741.0 | 6,730,654.0 | 6,823,613.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 130,370.0 | 130,370.0 | 130,370.0 | 130,370.0 | 130,370.0 | 130,370.0 | 130,370.0 | 130,370.0 | 130,370.0 | 130,370.0 | 130,370.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 34.6 | 41.7 | 50.4 | 51.1 | 51.8 | 52.5 | 53.2 | 53.9 | 54.6 | 55.2 | 55.9 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | 29.6 | .. | 24.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | 3.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,290,454,068.0 | 4,891,523,669.9 | 11,244,789,872.2 | 11,767,890,951.2 | 12,333,213,435.8 | 12,954,345,581.6 | 12,753,925,222.9 | 12,503,788,851.4 | 11,876,950,272.9 | 13,482,528,828.9 | 14,505,166,774.6 | 16,015,791,685.0 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 310.0 | 970.0 | 1,850.0 | 1,910.0 | 1,980.0 | 2,050.0 | 1,990.0 | 1,930.0 | 1,810.0 | 2,030.0 | 2,160.0 | 2,350.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 8,182,365,078.3 | 13,537,811,414.0 | 29,584,383,540.3 | 32,223,045,253.7 | 34,912,769,945.3 | 37,290,894,727.1 | 36,083,566,006.5 | 37,355,211,731.4 | 38,423,913,574.9 | 44,107,117,289.2 | 48,595,829,836.6 | 53,856,023,959.5 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,970.0 | 2,700.0 | 4,880.0 | 5,240.0 | 5,600.0 | 5,900.0 | 5,640.0 | 5,760.0 | 5,850.0 | 6,640.0 | 7,220.0 | 7,890.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | 5.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 63.1 | 67.2 | 72.8 | 73.0 | 73.3 | 73.6 | 73.9 | 74.1 | 71.8 | 73.8 | 74.6 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.6 | 3.1 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 148.9 | 114.1 | 103.2 | 102.1 | 100.9 | 100.0 | 98.7 | 97.7 | 96.5 | 95.1 | 94.1 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | 93.4 | 94.0 | 94.1 | 94.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 66.6 | 38.3 | 20.1 | 19.3 | 18.6 | 18.0 | 17.4 | 16.8 | 16.3 | 15.7 | 15.2 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 82.0 | 86.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 97.0 | 83.0 | 93.0 | 85.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 37.8 | 64.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 80.7 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 86.1 | 101.1 | 110.6 | 107.7 | 111.6 | 112.9 | 110.2 | 108.9 | 107.9 | 107.0 | 105.4 | 105.9 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 34.6 | 52.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 69.7 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 1.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 63,993.2 | 53,993.2 | 39,636.5 | 39,075.3 | 38,075.3 | 37,075.3 | 36,075.3 | 35,075.3 | 34,075.3 | 33,075.3 | 32,075.3 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 15.5 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.9 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 485.1 | 501.1 | 603.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 307.0 | 348.0 | 575.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 1,009,455,476.1 | 5,109,587,050.0 | 11,880,433,902.9 | 12,756,685,550.3 | 13,286,101,094.4 | 13,785,924,216.3 | 13,025,234,820.8 | 12,699,028,889.7 | 12,681,569,254.3 | 14,144,060,853.1 | 15,649,897,116.9 | 17,829,218,219.4 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -0.1 | 4.1 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.6 | -3.4 | -2.9 | -1.8 | 10.3 | 3.8 | 4.6 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 5,016.1 | 8.6 | 8.4 | 7.6 | 4.6 | 4.1 | 2.7 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 3.5 | 8.8 | 10.7 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | .. | 17.8 | 16.7 | 16.1 | 14.9 | 15.0 | 15.3 | 15.5 | 15.7 | 15.4 | 16.5 | 15.3 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | 20.2 | 25.1 | 25.7 | 25.8 | 24.8 | 25.0 | 24.3 | 25.5 | 27.2 | 26.1 | 27.3 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 24.9 | 20.1 | 45.0 | 40.1 | 38.9 | 41.3 | 42.3 | 44.8 | 41.9 | 46.6 | 49.8 | 45.8 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 46.3 | 41.2 | 61.7 | 58.1 | 54.9 | 55.0 | 51.7 | 49.2 | 47.0 | 60.1 | 65.5 | 59.1 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 19.3 | 26.7 | 28.9 | 33.5 | 31.2 | 29.9 | 24.1 | 17.8 | 19.4 | 23.3 | 21.8 | 23.0 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 30.0 | 11.6 | 16.4 | 16.7 | 17.4 | 17.8 | 17.0 | 18.8 | 18.6 | 20.6 | 21.5 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 46.9 | 47.8 | 49.3 | 51.5 | 49.5 | 41.9 | 38.1 | 34.8 | 32.3 | 28.0 | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 26.3 | 10.6 | 15.3 | 15.6 | 16.2 | 16.6 | 15.7 | 17.4 | 17.1 | 18.9 | 19.8 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | .. | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 1.8 | 113.8 | 115.3 | 121.2 | 126.2 | 113.2 | 86.9 | 88.3 | 97.1 | .. | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0.8 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 95.9 | 52.5 | 101.6 | 93.3 | 79.9 | 93.4 | 94.9 | 95.4 | 90.4 | 117.8 | 118.9 | 102.6 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 146.8 | 94.7 | 84.9 | 100.0 | 99.1 | 96.9 | 88.9 | 92.0 | 106.7 | 101.2 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 10,976,880,083.2 | 6,822,420,902.0 | 10,965,052,288.8 | 11,513,227,717.4 | 12,197,682,282.7 | 12,727,982,690.8 | 13,003,298,421.6 | 13,610,346,037.4 | 13,760,303,958.2 | 14,582,932,632.9 | 14,897,886,389.3 | 15,163,412,736.8 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 5.0 | 29.4 | 54.8 | 30.5 | 35.7 | 45.6 | 38.5 | 30.6 | 33.3 | 27.7 | 30.6 | 27.4 | |
Net migration | -24,280.0 | -42,087.0 | -25,570.0 | -24,353.0 | -23,076.0 | -21,849.0 | -20,742.0 | -19,730.0 | -10,383.0 | -10,383.0 | -7,996.0 | -7,996.0 | |
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