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Population, total | 233,120,964.0 | 287,971,068.0 | 377,506,892.0 | 384,230,039.0 | 390,998,434.0 | 397,804,712.0 | 404,775,501.0 | 411,833,977.0 | 418,461,302.0 | 424,980,589.0 | 432,229,148.0 | 440,118,189.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 3.7 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.8 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 8,777,960.0 | 8,777,960.0 | 8,775,232.0 | 8,775,233.0 | 8,775,233.0 | 8,775,233.0 | 8,775,233.0 | 8,775,231.0 | 8,775,231.0 | 8,775,234.0 | 8,769,209.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 27.0 | 33.3 | 43.7 | 44.5 | 45.2 | 46.1 | 46.9 | 47.7 | 48.5 | 49.2 | 50.1 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 485,113,843,819.5 | 452,933,685,627.2 | 1,688,305,421,987.9 | 1,550,061,318,215.4 | 1,537,942,302,475.0 | 1,500,452,408,093.1 | 1,521,380,243,396.0 | 1,502,821,820,637.4 | 1,375,123,591,210.8 | 1,480,015,367,400.2 | 1,634,832,433,768.6 | 1,712,573,584,184.5 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,081.0 | 1,572.8 | 4,472.3 | 4,034.2 | 3,933.4 | 3,771.8 | 3,758.6 | 3,649.1 | 3,286.1 | 3,482.5 | 3,782.3 | 3,891.2 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 1,089,103,341,071.1 | 2,044,472,492,268.5 | 4,072,116,976,496.8 | 3,920,088,404,863.7 | 4,036,315,335,405.5 | 4,273,450,686,297.3 | 4,529,797,440,068.3 | 4,574,164,400,471.9 | 4,699,652,322,532.1 | 5,084,173,157,130.5 | 5,694,229,858,167.1 | 6,079,119,532,493.6 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 4,671.8 | 7,099.6 | 10,786.9 | 10,202.5 | 10,323.1 | 10,742.6 | 11,190.9 | 11,106.8 | 11,230.8 | 11,963.3 | 13,174.1 | 13,812.5 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 64.3 | 68.6 | 71.7 | 71.9 | 72.2 | 72.7 | 72.9 | 73.1 | 72.1 | 71.8 | 72.2 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.9 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 70.8 | 45.3 | 47.2 | 46.5 | 44.9 | 44.0 | 41.7 | 40.1 | 39.5 | 38.5 | 38.1 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 42.4 | 60.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 75.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 69.4 | 46.7 | 26.9 | 26.0 | 24.9 | 24.3 | 24.0 | 23.1 | 22.1 | 21.7 | 20.9 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 82.5 | 89.9 | 87.1 | 86.7 | 89.1 | 87.9 | 86.4 | 86.6 | 86.0 | 84.6 | 85.4 | 87.6 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 75.3 | 81.5 | 85.5 | 84.8 | 84.2 | 83.6 | 84.6 | 85.3 | 86.9 | 87.2 | 87.1 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 93.8 | 95.4 | 98.5 | 98.1 | 98.0 | 98.1 | 98.3 | 98.7 | 99.1 | 99.0 | 97.3 | 97.4 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 55.6 | 66.3 | 73.8 | 73.7 | 73.9 | 74.1 | 74.4 | 74.8 | 75.5 | 76.4 | 76.8 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 191,101.0 | 194,047.0 | 214,284.8 | 214,428.2 | 214,667.1 | 214,761.6 | 214,917.6 | 215,298.9 | 215,609.2 | 215,966.8 | 216,191.5 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 4.5 | 4.4 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 107.5 | 105.5 | 107.2 | 116.8 | 112.8 | 123.0 | 117.9 | 116.7 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.3 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 804.2 | 987.3 | 1,423.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 709.0 | 1,022.9 | 1,612.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 518,825,156,518.9 | 474,549,193,839.3 | 1,627,891,415,604.2 | 1,461,561,543,238.2 | 1,497,802,787,590.8 | 1,499,230,386,761.1 | 1,490,670,888,640.9 | 1,480,176,106,051.1 | 1,328,872,852,321.8 | 1,552,753,180,082.3 | 1,741,921,040,109.7 | 1,671,174,615,296.3 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 10.9 | 6.0 | 2.1 | 0.5 | 5.4 | 3.1 | 1.8 | 0.9 | -3.2 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 3.2 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 16.6 | 10.1 | 3.4 | 2.2 | 1.3 | 4.7 | 6.2 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 15.9 | 23.0 | 3.2 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 11.9 | 10.1 | 9.1 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 10.1 | 10.6 | 10.4 | 9.8 | 10.7 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 50.8 | 40.6 | 39.0 | 33.1 | 32.3 | 34.7 | 36.6 | 35.2 | 31.0 | 35.9 | 40.3 | 36.6 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 16.7 | 31.4 | 26.0 | 21.6 | 20.3 | 24.2 | 29.6 | 26.5 | 19.8 | 24.9 | 30.9 | 31.3 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 21.7 | 27.7 | 30.6 | 29.4 | 27.1 | 29.6 | 31.9 | 31.8 | 28.0 | 28.3 | 30.7 | 31.9 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 34.6 | 24.3 | 28.6 | 27.0 | 26.3 | 27.8 | 27.6 | 28.1 | 26.5 | 26.8 | 26.2 | .. | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 25.5 | 26.1 | 26.2 | 25.5 | 24.8 | 24.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | .. | 3.0 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 3.0 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 2.1 | 96.4 | 96.2 | 96.1 | 97.7 | 95.9 | 103.2 | 104.2 | 109.0 | 118.5 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 28.5 | 42.8 | 46.7 | 40.3 | 36.7 | 41.3 | 48.1 | 45.1 | 38.8 | 44.2 | 51.3 | 50.3 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 136,644,788,664.7 | 144,571,898,612.2 | 243,933,896,826.5 | 259,722,343,345.0 | 291,175,137,519.3 | 328,548,915,316.4 | 350,209,818,354.9 | 369,834,880,286.5 | 399,164,497,111.4 | 422,292,560,985.7 | 432,072,512,441.0 | 442,669,340,217.9 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | 7.0 | 8.9 | 11.3 | 9.5 | 8.7 | 10.8 | 15.8 | 12.5 | 8.3 | 9.5 | |
Net migration | 202,148.0 | 217,680.0 | -814,760.0 | -1,011,194.0 | -562,183.0 | -719,476.0 | 114,564.0 | -20,075.0 | -92,003.0 | 388,199.0 | 1,099,674.0 | 1,155,667.0 | |
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