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| Population, total | 3,800,784,530.0 | 4,480,497,133.0 | 5,362,247,149.0 | 5,427,266,105.0 | 5,491,014,901.0 | 5,554,670,660.0 | 5,616,531,003.0 | 5,675,825,451.0 | 5,731,776,753.0 | 5,782,549,455.0 | 5,823,625,402.0 | 5,870,152,963.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.8 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 81,015,133.0 | 80,975,973.0 | 80,971,118.0 | 80,978,542.0 | 80,978,910.0 | 80,982,401.0 | 80,981,946.2 | 81,079,934.1 | 81,075,471.9 | 81,075,664.1 | .. | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 66.3 | 56.9 | 68.0 | 68.8 | 69.6 | 70.4 | 71.2 | 72.0 | 72.7 | 73.3 | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 3,140,003,903,465.9 | 5,398,295,137,865.2 | 25,418,249,941,026.0 | 25,441,838,215,459.1 | 25,522,053,450,413.7 | 26,429,419,667,845.7 | 28,614,255,337,541.2 | 30,293,144,108,613.2 | 29,526,897,456,177.3 | 32,881,639,314,914.6 | 35,629,275,709,118.7 | 37,446,003,090,565.7 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 826.1 | 1,204.8 | 4,740.2 | 4,687.8 | 4,648.0 | 4,758.1 | 5,094.6 | 5,337.2 | 5,151.4 | 5,686.4 | 6,118.1 | 6,379.1 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 9,062,583,250,822.6 | 16,966,374,233,874.9 | 50,673,155,394,753.8 | 52,036,342,545,738.1 | 54,663,828,029,097.8 | 58,142,090,254,544.0 | 62,569,908,548,857.9 | 66,714,568,264,027.1 | 67,413,383,856,092.4 | 75,789,698,715,903.1 | 84,843,071,856,725.6 | 92,307,207,823,476.6 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 2,384.4 | 3,786.7 | 9,450.0 | 9,587.9 | 9,955.1 | 10,467.2 | 11,140.3 | 11,754.2 | 11,761.3 | 13,106.6 | 14,568.8 | 15,724.8 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 63.5 | 66.6 | 71.1 | 71.4 | 71.6 | 71.8 | 72.1 | 72.3 | 71.7 | 70.6 | 71.3 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.5 | 2.8 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 78.2 | 66.1 | 48.8 | 44.3 | 42.6 | 41.9 | 40.9 | 39.9 | 39.1 | 38.7 | 38.1 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 61.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 65.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 61.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 84.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 93.8 | 74.9 | 42.2 | 41.1 | 39.6 | 38.3 | 37.9 | 37.0 | 36.6 | 35.9 | 34.8 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 21.7 | 14.8 | 14.4 | 14.0 | 13.6 | 13.3 | 13.0 | 12.7 | 12.5 | 12.3 | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 73.7 | 72.2 | 85.8 | 86.4 | 86.9 | 87.1 | 88.6 | 88.3 | 85.5 | 83.8 | 86.4 | .. | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 82.0 | 83.1 | 91.5 | 91.1 | 91.8 | 91.6 | 91.6 | 91.5 | 91.6 | 92.4 | 95.9 | 90.8 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 102.2 | 102.1 | 103.5 | 103.0 | 104.4 | 103.7 | 100.0 | 99.9 | 100.4 | 100.4 | 102.2 | 102.1 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 44.5 | 55.2 | 76.1 | 76.2 | 76.5 | 76.0 | 76.8 | 77.3 | 78.1 | 79.1 | 79.3 | 78.9 | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | .. | .. | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | .. | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | .. | 27,276,220.9 | 26,735,161.3 | 26,697,492.9 | 26,675,421.2 | 26,628,803.7 | 26,598,815.5 | 26,566,669.5 | 26,535,408.8 | 26,503,557.9 | .. | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 11.3 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.6 | 12.9 | 13.3 | .. | .. | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.5 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.6 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.8 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 754.2 | 778.2 | 1,271.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 639.1 | 845.2 | 1,889.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 3,069,619,982,603.0 | 5,557,879,880,102.1 | 25,680,744,767,168.3 | 24,911,694,910,932.1 | 25,202,592,678,135.5 | 27,530,340,426,178.0 | 29,284,043,921,765.4 | 29,978,481,798,259.3 | 29,051,739,634,677.8 | 34,266,063,721,746.8 | 35,907,869,702,102.2 | 36,786,942,112,904.5 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 3.3 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 5.0 | 4.1 | -1.2 | 7.5 | 3.9 | 4.5 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 10.7 | 7.2 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 5.8 | 8.2 | 4.6 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 16.3 | 11.2 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 8.9 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 9.5 | 9.1 | 9.0 | 8.8 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 35.1 | 33.9 | 35.2 | 33.8 | 33.0 | 33.4 | 34.0 | 33.3 | 33.0 | 34.8 | 35.0 | 33.7 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 17.8 | 24.4 | 25.1 | 23.3 | 22.3 | 22.9 | 23.7 | 22.9 | 21.9 | 24.2 | 25.9 | 24.5 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 18.2 | 23.8 | 25.3 | 23.2 | 22.3 | 23.1 | 24.3 | 23.1 | 21.3 | 23.5 | 25.2 | 24.0 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 26.8 | 24.4 | 34.2 | 33.5 | 33.0 | 33.4 | 34.5 | 33.8 | 34.2 | 35.2 | 34.9 | .. | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 15.1 | 15.1 | 14.9 | 14.7 | 14.6 | 14.8 | 13.3 | 13.5 | 13.8 | .. | |
| Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 29.2 | 28.3 | 27.3 | 25.0 | 22.8 | 22.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 10.8 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 10.6 | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.4 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.7 | .. | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 4.4 | 92.8 | 94.0 | 98.5 | 101.6 | 103.8 | 107.1 | 106.6 | 108.2 | 108.3 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 21.2 | 21.7 | 21.6 | 22.5 | 23.0 | 22.9 | 24.4 | 22.8 | 22.7 | 21.8 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 29.4 | 41.6 | 44.0 | 40.0 | 37.4 | 38.8 | 40.8 | 39.2 | 37.8 | 42.0 | 45.1 | 41.7 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 1,025,777,208,317.7 | 1,917,051,616,276.1 | 6,713,513,870,330.7 | 6,267,482,520,797.7 | 6,535,332,700,148.4 | 7,264,517,654,925.8 | 7,700,551,830,859.1 | 8,061,608,431,066.9 | 8,437,678,238,996.1 | 9,055,578,544,345.7 | 8,743,715,255,354.1 | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 20.3 | 24.0 | 10.7 | 13.1 | 15.5 | 13.9 | 14.1 | 15.9 | 16.8 | 13.6 | 13.4 | .. | |
| Net migration | -272,480.0 | -1,997,274.0 | -1,714,235.0 | -2,522,119.0 | -3,576,241.0 | -2,923,639.0 | -3,424,189.0 | -3,643,144.0 | -869,283.0 | -1,569,362.0 | -9,195,009.0 | -1,414,332.0 | |
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