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Population, total | 81,720,428.0 | 97,873,442.0 | 118,755,887.0 | 120,149,897.0 | 121,519,221.0 | 122,839,258.0 | 124,013,861.0 | 125,085,311.0 | 125,998,302.0 | 126,705,138.0 | 127,504,125.0 | 128,455,567.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 1,964,380.0 | 1,964,380.0 | 1,964,375.0 | 1,964,375.0 | 1,964,375.0 | 1,964,375.0 | 1,964,375.0 | 1,964,375.0 | 1,964,375.0 | 1,964,375.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 42.0 | 50.3 | 61.1 | 61.8 | 62.5 | 63.2 | 63.8 | 64.3 | 64.8 | 65.2 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 43.6 | .. | 41.9 | .. | 43.9 | .. | 36.3 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 10.7 | 4.0 | .. | 2.3 | .. | 1.9 | .. | 2.1 | .. | 1.2 | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 233,734,070,296.4 | 648,091,263,198.0 | 1,311,930,001,624.1 | 1,280,511,652,391.4 | 1,190,381,172,086.5 | 1,143,310,436,797.6 | 1,191,161,317,228.9 | 1,241,845,618,944.2 | 1,129,322,764,203.5 | 1,256,692,660,066.2 | 1,378,549,223,917.2 | 1,554,336,079,409.9 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,860.0 | 6,620.0 | 11,050.0 | 10,660.0 | 9,800.0 | 9,310.0 | 9,610.0 | 9,930.0 | 8,960.0 | 9,920.0 | 10,810.0 | 12,100.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 692,467,264,079.4 | 1,130,845,242,092.6 | 2,200,816,239,706.1 | 2,251,299,552,151.6 | 2,393,565,436,264.1 | 2,464,263,194,964.3 | 2,538,887,671,170.3 | 2,564,438,584,013.3 | 2,375,085,356,689.0 | 2,608,639,704,774.4 | 2,972,064,159,057.6 | 3,207,459,718,772.8 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 8,470.0 | 11,550.0 | 18,530.0 | 18,740.0 | 19,700.0 | 20,060.0 | 20,470.0 | 20,500.0 | 18,850.0 | 20,590.0 | 23,310.0 | 24,970.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 3.4 | 4.7 | .. | 5.0 | .. | 5.2 | .. | 5.3 | .. | 5.6 | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 70.0 | 73.6 | 74.8 | 74.7 | 74.4 | 74.1 | 74.0 | 74.2 | 70.1 | 70.2 | 74.8 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.5 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 82.1 | 73.7 | 72.9 | 67.6 | 64.8 | 63.6 | 61.3 | 58.4 | 57.9 | 54.4 | 53.7 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | 72.3 | 66.9 | .. | .. | 73.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 83.8 | 88.6 | 95.6 | 97.7 | 98.0 | 96.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 45.2 | 28.2 | 16.8 | 16.2 | 15.7 | 15.2 | 14.7 | 14.2 | 13.7 | 13.3 | 12.8 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | 3.9 | 4.2 | .. | .. | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 4.2 | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 75.0 | 96.0 | 97.0 | 97.0 | 96.0 | 76.0 | 97.0 | 73.0 | 92.0 | 99.0 | 86.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 91.8 | 96.7 | 111.5 | 106.0 | 104.7 | 104.3 | 102.4 | 102.5 | 102.6 | 102.8 | 102.2 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 115.7 | 109.1 | 108.6 | 107.0 | 106.4 | 105.8 | 105.2 | 105.1 | 104.5 | 103.4 | 102.0 | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 56.7 | 71.1 | 97.3 | 101.0 | 102.9 | 105.1 | 106.0 | 105.5 | 102.6 | 98.3 | 98.4 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 705,916.5 | 683,813.5 | 664,533.9 | 663,309.1 | 662,031.5 | 660,753.8 | 659,476.1 | 658,198.5 | 656,920.8 | 655,643.2 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 6.8 | 19.1 | 19.1 | 18.9 | 18.9 | 18.9 | 19.0 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 15.2 | 16.7 | 20.8 | 20.9 | 21.2 | 21.5 | 21.7 | 21.8 | 21.9 | 22.0 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.5 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 1,513.5 | 1,532.5 | 1,582.9 | 1,559.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 1,217.3 | 1,819.3 | 2,186.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 261,253,675,692.8 | 742,061,329,643.4 | 1,364,507,717,614.1 | 1,213,294,467,716.9 | 1,112,233,497,452.7 | 1,190,721,475,906.0 | 1,256,300,182,879.7 | 1,305,211,135,822.6 | 1,120,832,412,468.9 | 1,313,069,763,986.6 | 1,463,323,889,036.6 | 1,788,886,821,046.8 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 5.3 | 5.0 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.0 | -0.3 | -8.6 | 5.7 | 3.9 | 3.2 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 28.1 | 10.7 | 4.4 | 3.2 | 6.1 | 6.6 | 5.2 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 6.4 | 4.5 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 6.7 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.0 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 26.1 | 34.4 | 31.9 | 30.8 | 30.6 | 32.0 | 32.0 | 31.8 | 31.0 | 32.1 | 33.3 | 31.8 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 18.7 | 24.2 | 31.5 | 34.2 | 36.8 | 37.5 | 39.0 | 38.5 | 39.2 | 40.7 | 42.8 | 36.2 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 19.8 | 25.7 | 32.6 | 36.3 | 38.9 | 39.4 | 41.2 | 38.9 | 37.6 | 42.6 | 45.7 | 37.9 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 23.3 | 22.3 | 22.3 | 23.7 | 24.3 | 23.9 | 23.5 | 22.1 | 20.2 | 21.6 | 22.7 | 24.8 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | 10.0 | 15.5 | 16.1 | 17.0 | 17.2 | 16.1 | 16.1 | 16.1 | 16.0 | 16.9 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | 26.7 | 47.3 | 50.7 | 53.1 | 53.3 | 52.9 | 56.7 | 61.6 | 60.7 | 59.0 | 58.8 | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | 9.1 | 10.2 | 12.3 | 13.1 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 12.8 | 13.9 | 13.4 | 13.4 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.1 | 14.4 | 88.4 | 89.6 | 91.9 | 93.1 | 96.9 | 97.6 | 97.5 | 99.8 | 100.3 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 20.2 | 19.6 | 20.7 | 21.2 | 20.9 | 20.4 | 21.5 | 19.8 | 20.5 | 17.6 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 32.3 | 46.6 | 59.3 | 64.8 | 69.4 | 70.7 | 73.8 | 71.1 | 72.3 | 77.5 | 82.3 | 67.9 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 109.2 | 106.9 | 115.7 | 100.0 | 93.9 | 98.1 | 100.5 | 101.4 | 96.8 | 96.8 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 104,604,453,446.9 | 178,113,615,414.8 | 536,184,540,708.7 | 530,515,226,055.6 | 544,792,361,300.0 | 578,642,034,804.9 | 605,852,142,060.1 | 609,311,824,504.4 | 602,685,634,395.0 | 594,283,679,897.8 | 600,422,907,733.2 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 21.8 | 31.9 | 10.7 | 12.4 | 18.9 | 14.3 | 11.6 | 13.4 | 15.8 | 14.6 | 7.7 | .. | |
Net migration | -286,584.0 | -356,430.0 | -100,413.0 | -82,173.0 | 33,094.0 | -12,438.0 | -99,430.0 | -47,764.0 | -9,949.0 | -52,649.0 | -51,399.0 | -50,239.0 | |
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