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Population, total | 256,203,998.0 | 321,037,453.0 | 431,664,579.0 | 440,506,473.0 | 448,917,409.0 | 456,885,486.0 | 465,073,490.0 | 473,201,775.0 | 479,966,649.0 | 486,174,763.0 | 493,279,469.0 | 500,787,313.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 3.6 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.5 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 11,388,307.9 | 11,388,327.9 | 11,385,540.9 | 11,385,548.9 | 11,385,549.9 | 11,385,550.9 | 11,385,550.9 | 11,385,551.9 | 11,385,553.9 | 11,385,561.9 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 22.8 | 28.6 | 38.5 | 39.2 | 40.0 | 40.7 | 41.5 | 42.2 | 42.8 | 43.3 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | 6.4 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 4.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 707,626,700,512.6 | 922,904,697,242.0 | 3,724,744,323,706.4 | 3,514,695,305,762.3 | 3,404,991,918,100.0 | 3,306,205,800,027.0 | 3,463,455,728,842.5 | 3,576,891,267,772.1 | 3,342,417,093,804.1 | 3,661,599,719,665.8 | 4,149,617,486,713.6 | 4,372,793,707,205.5 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,762.0 | 2,874.8 | 8,628.8 | 7,978.8 | 7,584.9 | 7,236.4 | 7,447.1 | 7,558.9 | 6,963.9 | 7,531.4 | 8,412.3 | 8,731.8 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 2,046,976,712,474.6 | 3,656,944,459,636.5 | 7,629,199,130,008.5 | 7,060,230,110,653.4 | 7,098,604,107,044.6 | 7,543,846,341,174.4 | 8,075,546,240,184.3 | 8,148,080,787,671.4 | 7,805,491,269,290.4 | 8,661,361,056,328.0 | 9,775,581,208,406.6 | 10,329,182,859,441.2 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 7,989.6 | 11,391.0 | 17,673.9 | 16,027.5 | 15,812.7 | 16,511.5 | 17,364.0 | 17,219.0 | 16,262.6 | 17,815.3 | 19,817.5 | 20,625.9 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 65.1 | 69.3 | 72.6 | 72.9 | 73.2 | 73.6 | 73.8 | 74.0 | 72.9 | 72.7 | 73.2 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.9 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 69.0 | 43.7 | 43.1 | 41.9 | 40.0 | 39.5 | 38.4 | 36.7 | 35.7 | 35.0 | 34.2 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 42.7 | 57.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 77.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 66.0 | 43.4 | 25.1 | 24.2 | 23.0 | 22.5 | 22.1 | 21.2 | 20.3 | 20.0 | 19.3 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 8.8 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 4.4 | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 83.0 | 90.5 | 88.2 | 88.3 | 90.8 | 89.8 | 89.0 | 88.9 | 87.3 | 87.6 | 88.4 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 74.5 | 81.7 | 86.9 | 86.0 | 85.4 | 85.1 | 86.0 | 86.4 | 87.7 | 88.0 | 89.2 | 90.6 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 91.9 | 94.7 | 98.6 | 98.3 | 98.2 | 98.4 | 98.6 | 98.7 | 99.0 | 98.9 | 97.6 | 97.8 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 56.0 | 67.7 | 76.1 | 76.3 | 76.6 | 76.8 | 77.1 | 77.4 | 78.0 | 78.8 | 80.2 | 80.8 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 204,711.2 | 208,527.0 | 228,957.6 | 229,123.2 | 229,110.6 | 229,204.7 | 229,360.3 | 229,740.8 | 230,051.3 | 230,408.5 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 4.5 | 4.5 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 117.1 | 115.7 | 117.2 | 126.9 | 123.0 | 133.1 | 128.1 | 127.0 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.3 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 2.0 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 1,186.2 | 1,494.0 | 2,284.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 1,175.6 | 1,719.6 | 2,803.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 745,103,071,421.6 | 992,555,771,865.1 | 3,627,618,410,020.7 | 3,201,010,427,587.4 | 3,234,258,578,074.4 | 3,372,000,244,857.4 | 3,538,057,099,135.2 | 3,549,945,029,851.9 | 3,199,081,953,495.5 | 3,780,277,127,065.0 | 4,497,116,837,259.2 | 4,287,684,126,920.0 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 10.3 | 6.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 4.4 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 1.4 | -4.0 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 1.8 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 11.9 | 11.2 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 5.0 | 7.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 12.7 | 15.6 | -2.3 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | .. | 6.3 | 4.8 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.9 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | 45.4 | 46.3 | 38.0 | 36.1 | 38.2 | 41.5 | 39.3 | 35.2 | 39.3 | 46.0 | .. | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | 39.5 | 45.1 | 38.3 | 35.9 | 39.3 | 43.1 | 40.9 | 34.5 | .. | .. | .. | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | 30.2 | 36.5 | 37.9 | 35.6 | 36.5 | 35.9 | 36.4 | 33.9 | 33.8 | .. | .. | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 30.6 | 22.3 | 26.9 | 28.4 | 28.2 | 28.0 | 27.0 | 27.3 | 26.8 | 26.1 | 25.7 | 26.1 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 22.4 | 22.4 | 23.4 | 21.2 | 20.4 | 19.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 8.6 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 4.8 | 4.6 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 4.5 | 105.8 | 105.2 | 104.0 | 103.1 | 102.2 | 107.8 | 108.5 | 111.3 | 116.2 | 118.9 | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 5.1 | 4.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 7.9 | 7.3 | .. | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 39.7 | 54.8 | 67.8 | 61.4 | 56.2 | 58.7 | 64.2 | 62.9 | 55.8 | 63.8 | 69.8 | 68.5 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Net migration | -99,275.0 | 452,463.0 | 401,511.0 | 427,751.0 | -167,117.0 | -175,273.0 | 398,806.0 | 119,982.0 | -1,699,850.0 | -367,806.0 | 318,630.0 | 308,219.0 | |
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