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Population, total | 255,077,790.0 | 319,840,863.0 | 433,660,485.0 | 443,111,159.0 | 452,184,895.0 | 459,925,735.0 | 466,691,130.0 | 474,057,593.0 | 482,334,398.0 | 488,100,624.0 | 498,070,255.0 | 508,311,359.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 3.5 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 2.0 | 2.1 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 11,388,307.9 | 11,388,327.9 | 11,385,540.9 | 11,385,548.9 | 11,385,549.9 | 11,385,550.9 | 11,385,550.9 | 11,385,551.9 | 11,385,553.9 | 11,385,561.9 | 11,357,466.9 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 22.7 | 28.5 | 38.6 | 39.5 | 40.3 | 41.0 | 41.6 | 42.3 | 43.0 | 43.5 | 44.5 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | 6.4 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 4.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 766,911,935,856.1 | 926,305,280,385.7 | 3,733,059,519,201.9 | 3,517,967,987,846.7 | 3,406,973,105,785.4 | 3,310,329,151,589.9 | 3,500,566,315,028.1 | 3,625,381,358,275.7 | 3,402,246,188,910.7 | 3,679,672,562,749.3 | 4,148,542,195,253.9 | 4,398,519,283,884.2 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 3,006.6 | 2,896.1 | 8,608.3 | 7,939.2 | 7,534.5 | 7,197.5 | 7,500.8 | 7,647.6 | 7,053.7 | 7,538.8 | 8,329.2 | 8,653.2 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 2,018,780,581,134.5 | 3,620,536,778,767.5 | 7,632,057,274,737.3 | 7,063,346,799,781.3 | 7,102,183,091,713.5 | 7,548,879,692,614.9 | 8,080,813,219,444.4 | 8,150,267,591,415.9 | 7,789,256,108,657.2 | 8,676,377,508,049.1 | 9,811,304,115,917.1 | 10,370,389,711,099.8 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 7,914.4 | 11,319.8 | 17,599.2 | 15,940.3 | 15,706.4 | 16,413.3 | 17,315.1 | 17,192.6 | 16,149.1 | 17,775.8 | 19,698.6 | 20,401.6 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 65.0 | 69.2 | 72.5 | 72.8 | 73.1 | 73.5 | 73.7 | 73.8 | 72.9 | 72.6 | 73.1 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.9 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 69.4 | 43.7 | 43.9 | 43.1 | 41.7 | 40.8 | 38.7 | 37.2 | 36.4 | 35.5 | 35.0 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 42.8 | 58.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 77.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 66.0 | 43.4 | 25.1 | 24.2 | 23.0 | 22.5 | 22.1 | 21.2 | 20.3 | 20.0 | 19.3 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 8.8 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 4.4 | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 82.9 | 90.4 | 88.1 | 87.8 | 90.0 | 88.8 | 87.6 | 87.7 | 87.1 | 86.0 | 86.7 | 88.6 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 74.5 | 81.7 | 86.9 | 86.0 | 85.4 | 85.1 | 86.0 | 86.4 | 87.7 | 88.0 | 89.2 | 90.6 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 91.9 | 94.7 | 98.6 | 98.3 | 98.2 | 98.4 | 98.6 | 98.7 | 99.0 | 98.9 | 97.6 | 97.8 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 56.0 | 67.7 | 76.1 | 76.3 | 76.6 | 76.8 | 77.1 | 77.4 | 78.0 | 78.8 | 80.2 | 80.8 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 204,711.2 | 208,527.0 | 228,957.6 | 229,123.2 | 229,110.6 | 229,204.7 | 229,360.3 | 229,740.8 | 230,051.3 | 230,408.5 | 229,233.1 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 4.5 | 4.5 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 117.1 | 115.7 | 117.2 | 126.9 | 123.0 | 133.1 | 128.1 | 127.0 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.2 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 2.6 | 2.6 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 1,191.5 | 1,499.6 | 2,286.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 1,180.9 | 1,726.1 | 2,790.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 794,199,685,774.9 | 995,464,425,139.5 | 3,630,927,628,679.7 | 3,202,944,332,228.4 | 3,236,195,108,878.5 | 3,375,978,495,033.3 | 3,608,662,545,371.1 | 3,598,454,815,841.5 | 3,207,935,509,914.1 | 3,807,870,128,264.0 | 4,475,708,600,082.3 | 4,320,566,779,119.2 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 9.0 | 6.6 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 4.4 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 1.3 | -3.4 | 4.8 | 5.6 | 2.0 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 13.4 | 11.7 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 4.9 | 7.9 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 13.3 | 17.0 | 0.0 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 9.0 | 6.3 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 5.1 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 55.5 | 45.4 | 46.3 | 38.0 | 36.1 | 38.2 | 41.4 | 39.3 | 34.6 | 39.1 | 45.0 | 40.6 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | 39.3 | 45.0 | 38.0 | 35.7 | 39.0 | 42.9 | 40.5 | 34.7 | 40.1 | 46.5 | 46.3 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 28.0 | 30.0 | 36.2 | 37.8 | 35.4 | 36.1 | 35.6 | 36.2 | 35.1 | 34.6 | 35.8 | 39.2 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 30.4 | 22.5 | 27.1 | 28.2 | 27.9 | 27.7 | 27.0 | 27.8 | 26.8 | 26.3 | 26.3 | 27.5 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 22.3 | 22.4 | 23.4 | 21.2 | 20.4 | 19.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 8.6 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 6.4 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 4.7 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 4.5 | 105.8 | 105.2 | 104.0 | 103.1 | 102.2 | 107.8 | 108.5 | 111.3 | 116.2 | 118.9 | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 5.0 | 4.8 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 9.1 | 10.0 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 39.7 | 54.2 | 67.7 | 61.0 | 56.2 | 58.1 | 62.5 | 61.2 | 55.3 | 62.4 | 68.7 | 66.8 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Net migration | -545,040.0 | 951,027.0 | 461,028.0 | 313,702.0 | 28,983.0 | -1,404,098.0 | -747,170.0 | -55,952.0 | -446,205.0 | 764,407.0 | 3,258,605.0 | 2,064,242.0 | |
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