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Population, total | 4,100,351,515.0 | 4,885,599,511.5 | 5,971,198,209.5 | 6,050,054,834.5 | 6,128,880,429.5 | 6,208,763,934.5 | 6,287,535,114.5 | 6,364,581,440.0 | 6,438,169,877.5 | 6,505,838,578.0 | 6,568,731,933.5 | 6,633,109,634.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.1 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 78,779,123.0 | 78,739,963.0 | 78,790,382.0 | 78,797,859.6 | 78,798,214.9 | 78,801,700.2 | 78,801,251.6 | 78,902,335.4 | 78,897,832.1 | 78,898,029.1 | 78,886,651.8 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 60.1 | 65.7 | 77.4 | 78.4 | 79.4 | 80.5 | 81.5 | 82.5 | 83.5 | 84.3 | 85.2 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | 48.8 | 36.7 | 13.4 | 12.8 | 12.4 | 11.3 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 11.7 | 11.4 | 10.8 | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 3,118,400,662,074.0 | 5,499,112,090,519.9 | 25,833,422,731,524.6 | 25,851,807,649,777.8 | 25,926,356,367,679.2 | 26,847,398,505,173.0 | 29,085,811,837,925.2 | 30,807,433,985,697.1 | 30,045,149,605,275.8 | 33,386,763,705,996.5 | 36,118,921,976,234.3 | 38,046,026,328,781.8 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 760.5 | 1,125.6 | 4,326.3 | 4,273.0 | 4,230.2 | 4,324.1 | 4,625.9 | 4,840.4 | 4,666.7 | 5,131.8 | 5,498.6 | 5,735.8 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 9,272,932,297,617.5 | 17,322,561,953,338.3 | 51,622,940,556,207.3 | 53,047,903,349,633.3 | 55,760,358,304,244.9 | 59,392,042,750,090.4 | 63,825,762,692,353.0 | 68,066,022,569,932.4 | 68,773,841,493,602.6 | 77,180,751,901,748.5 | 86,443,308,346,463.0 | 93,830,216,740,020.3 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 2,261.5 | 3,545.6 | 8,645.3 | 8,768.2 | 9,098.0 | 9,565.8 | 10,151.2 | 10,694.5 | 10,682.2 | 11,863.3 | 13,159.8 | 14,145.7 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 62.5 | 65.5 | 70.1 | 70.4 | 70.7 | 70.9 | 71.2 | 71.4 | 70.7 | 69.7 | 70.4 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.7 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 83.5 | 73.5 | 53.9 | 50.3 | 48.2 | 47.2 | 46.2 | 45.3 | 44.3 | 43.8 | 43.3 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 58.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 62.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 57.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 81.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 103.3 | 84.7 | 48.9 | 47.7 | 46.0 | 44.6 | 44.2 | 43.2 | 42.7 | 41.9 | 40.8 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 22.6 | 15.9 | 15.5 | 15.1 | 14.7 | 14.4 | 14.1 | 13.8 | 13.6 | 13.4 | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 71.4 | 69.4 | 83.1 | 83.5 | 83.9 | 84.2 | 85.5 | 85.3 | 82.7 | 80.5 | 82.5 | 82.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 78.8 | 79.6 | 87.6 | 87.2 | 87.9 | 87.7 | 87.9 | 87.8 | 87.9 | 88.7 | 91.5 | 87.0 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 98.1 | 98.6 | 102.8 | 102.2 | 103.4 | 103.0 | 100.0 | 100.1 | 100.7 | 100.5 | 102.0 | 102.0 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 43.0 | 52.7 | 71.9 | 71.8 | 72.0 | 71.6 | 72.3 | 72.6 | 73.2 | 74.0 | 74.1 | 73.6 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | .. | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | .. | 22,216,117.8 | 21,661,676.2 | 21,604,064.4 | 21,558,766.3 | 21,489,688.6 | 21,439,558.2 | 21,386,543.9 | 21,334,812.1 | 21,282,225.3 | 21,230,107.1 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 11.2 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.4 | 12.6 | 13.0 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 10.5 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 10.7 | 11.0 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.7 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 744.7 | 759.0 | 1,212.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 620.9 | 809.1 | 1,773.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 3,356,800,445,065.4 | 5,680,763,266,228.6 | 26,112,983,016,936.1 | 25,336,686,257,692.4 | 25,597,069,953,897.6 | 27,987,406,037,838.4 | 29,791,620,278,516.9 | 30,495,388,425,380.4 | 29,521,428,086,822.8 | 34,778,125,922,181.4 | 36,465,232,446,694.9 | 37,533,765,909,928.0 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 3.1 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 5.3 | 5.0 | 4.1 | -1.1 | 7.3 | 3.8 | 4.6 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 10.7 | 7.9 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 2.8 | 6.1 | 8.7 | 4.7 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 16.7 | 11.5 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 9.0 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 9.2 | 9.0 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 34.3 | 33.7 | 35.1 | 33.7 | 32.9 | 33.3 | 34.0 | 33.2 | 32.9 | 34.6 | 34.8 | 33.5 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 17.1 | 24.4 | 25.0 | 23.2 | 22.2 | 22.8 | 23.6 | 22.8 | 21.9 | 24.2 | 25.9 | 24.4 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 18.2 | 23.8 | 25.5 | 23.4 | 22.4 | 23.2 | 24.4 | 23.3 | 21.4 | 23.7 | 25.4 | 24.2 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 26.2 | 24.3 | 34.0 | 33.3 | 32.9 | 33.3 | 34.4 | 33.7 | 34.1 | 35.1 | 34.8 | 33.8 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 18.5 | 18.6 | 18.3 | 18.2 | 18.7 | 19.2 | 17.3 | 18.0 | 17.6 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 28.0 | 27.4 | 26.5 | 24.6 | 22.8 | 22.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 10.9 | 10.6 | 10.8 | 10.4 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.6 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.8 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 4.1 | 88.8 | 90.1 | 93.9 | 96.6 | 100.4 | 101.6 | 101.3 | 103.0 | 104.4 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 21.1 | 21.6 | 21.5 | 22.3 | 22.8 | 22.7 | 24.2 | 22.6 | 22.1 | 20.9 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 28.5 | 41.4 | 44.0 | 39.9 | 37.4 | 38.7 | 40.6 | 39.0 | 37.7 | 41.8 | 44.8 | 41.4 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 1,100,772,893,838.5 | 1,857,570,910,572.7 | 6,290,721,047,709.0 | 5,901,515,298,486.2 | 6,124,977,552,798.1 | 6,885,155,584,722.5 | 7,382,158,181,338.6 | 7,753,862,035,930.3 | 8,173,560,998,905.7 | 8,819,264,798,617.7 | 8,630,641,114,994.7 | 8,836,011,577,015.8 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 22.6 | 25.0 | 10.2 | 12.2 | 14.8 | 13.5 | 13.6 | 15.7 | 16.2 | 13.5 | 13.1 | 14.7 | |
Net migration | -1,934,162.0 | -3,663,872.0 | -5,250,756.0 | -6,323,231.0 | -5,291,990.0 | -3,448,526.0 | -3,056,054.0 | -4,066,820.0 | -1,416,978.0 | -2,708,744.0 | -10,103,029.0 | -4,933,902.0 | |
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