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| Population, total | 1,711,634,869.0 | 2,126,559,759.0 | 2,765,011,526.0 | 2,806,590,212.0 | 2,847,931,114.0 | 2,888,561,818.0 | 2,928,617,292.0 | 2,968,398,856.0 | 3,006,243,027.0 | 3,043,358,377.0 | 3,082,002,881.0 | 3,120,983,658.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.5 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 19,319,341.0 | 19,307,331.0 | 19,310,998.0 | 19,310,999.0 | 19,311,346.0 | 19,310,945.0 | 19,311,005.0 | 19,311,036.0 | 19,311,044.8 | 19,305,015.0 | .. | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 95.4 | 113.8 | 147.9 | 150.1 | 152.3 | 154.5 | 156.6 | 158.8 | 160.8 | 162.8 | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | 51.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 15.2 | 14.4 | 13.4 | 12.6 | 12.0 | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 782,661,935,400.3 | 1,218,878,231,849.9 | 5,142,689,198,240.8 | 5,298,407,013,927.8 | 5,516,482,745,527.1 | 6,010,945,085,456.9 | 6,342,735,364,831.5 | 6,083,582,643,480.0 | 6,761,770,533,515.0 | 7,450,583,814,166.4 | 7,803,964,890,289.5 | 7,878,142,128,840.6 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 457.3 | 573.2 | 1,859.9 | 1,887.8 | 1,937.0 | 2,080.9 | 2,165.8 | 2,049.4 | 2,249.2 | 2,448.1 | 2,532.1 | 2,524.2 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 2,556,385,918,324.3 | 4,951,229,880,259.7 | 15,136,809,483,713.9 | 16,110,454,482,154.4 | 17,257,467,674,835.0 | 18,802,498,317,492.4 | 20,248,336,695,553.8 | 20,388,070,164,066.7 | 22,728,305,377,469.1 | 25,891,172,192,954.3 | 28,550,790,588,773.8 | 30,845,631,434,134.9 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,493.5 | 2,328.3 | 5,474.4 | 5,740.2 | 6,059.7 | 6,509.3 | 6,914.0 | 6,868.4 | 7,560.4 | 8,507.4 | 9,263.7 | 9,883.3 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 58.4 | 61.7 | 67.3 | 67.7 | 68.0 | 68.3 | 68.6 | 68.0 | 66.4 | 69.3 | 69.6 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.6 | 3.8 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 121.2 | 101.7 | 48.8 | 46.0 | 45.1 | 44.2 | 43.3 | 42.6 | 42.3 | 42.1 | 42.0 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 37.2 | 43.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 57.1 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 42.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 77.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 127.9 | 98.5 | 56.8 | 54.8 | 53.0 | 51.3 | 49.5 | 47.9 | 46.3 | 44.9 | 43.5 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 32.3 | 22.5 | 21.9 | 21.4 | 20.8 | 20.3 | 19.8 | 19.2 | 18.7 | 18.2 | 17.7 | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 61.2 | 62.6 | 80.9 | 81.9 | 83.1 | 85.0 | 86.0 | 83.5 | 81.2 | 84.0 | 84.1 | 86.4 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 71.0 | 72.8 | 88.2 | 88.2 | 87.9 | 87.3 | 86.8 | 87.8 | 88.4 | 94.6 | 86.6 | 88.0 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 83.3 | 93.8 | 101.9 | 104.4 | 103.5 | 97.2 | 96.9 | 97.8 | 98.1 | 101.3 | 102.5 | 105.4 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 41.4 | 44.3 | 64.3 | 65.2 | 64.5 | 65.7 | 66.1 | 67.3 | 68.5 | 68.9 | 68.4 | 68.0 | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.6 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 6,120,721.6 | 5,981,054.5 | 5,655,644.7 | 5,635,166.3 | 5,612,452.5 | 5,589,821.8 | 5,567,109.7 | 5,544,591.0 | 5,521,943.4 | 5,499,280.3 | .. | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 8.9 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 8.9 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 9.5 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 18.5 | 18.5 | 18.9 | 18.8 | 18.5 | 18.6 | 19.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.0 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.5 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 362.7 | 401.0 | 550.1 | 561.5 | 575.6 | 587.6 | 591.0 | 570.6 | 598.9 | 626.6 | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 287.9 | 370.7 | 722.5 | 754.1 | 785.0 | 823.4 | 839.3 | 792.1 | 839.6 | 911.7 | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 741,453,143,377.7 | 1,188,689,613,181.0 | 5,098,466,854,472.0 | 5,312,048,001,895.3 | 5,751,392,726,255.9 | 6,004,619,221,945.0 | 6,308,107,724,476.6 | 6,110,254,911,277.4 | 6,921,716,347,320.8 | 7,377,558,874,199.9 | 7,530,591,347,605.2 | 7,857,490,239,272.0 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 5.1 | 4.2 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 4.1 | -3.6 | 6.7 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 5.1 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 10.7 | 6.1 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 5.0 | 6.9 | 6.1 | 4.5 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 25.2 | 20.1 | 16.1 | 15.9 | 15.8 | 15.4 | 15.5 | 16.9 | 16.3 | 15.7 | 15.4 | 15.4 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 28.0 | 27.1 | 27.1 | 26.5 | 27.1 | 27.6 | 27.2 | 27.1 | 28.0 | 28.1 | 27.6 | 26.9 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 14.8 | 21.0 | 22.7 | 22.1 | 23.4 | 24.8 | 24.1 | 22.9 | 25.3 | 27.8 | 27.0 | 26.9 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 18.8 | 23.5 | 27.0 | 26.0 | 28.0 | 29.7 | 27.8 | 25.2 | 29.4 | 32.7 | 30.2 | 30.6 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 27.1 | 24.3 | 28.1 | 28.1 | 29.5 | 30.4 | 28.8 | 27.2 | 29.7 | 30.9 | 30.9 | 30.8 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 14.7 | 14.1 | 14.0 | 14.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 11.6 | 11.7 | 11.8 | 12.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.2 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 2.0 | .. | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | .. | 81.8 | 86.6 | 88.1 | 90.7 | 92.4 | 92.7 | 92.7 | 93.7 | 93.0 | 94.5 | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 11.6 | 12.9 | 17.5 | 18.6 | 19.2 | 21.0 | 19.1 | 20.6 | 15.7 | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 27.3 | 36.5 | 39.7 | 37.2 | 39.8 | 42.8 | 40.7 | 36.9 | 43.6 | 47.7 | 43.3 | 43.8 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 393,065,232,266.9 | 470,651,429,683.0 | 1,357,710,612,439.5 | 1,408,593,727,739.6 | 1,601,372,558,614.6 | 1,690,256,815,365.6 | 1,827,842,290,889.9 | 1,962,048,045,057.1 | 2,119,395,572,794.1 | 2,170,417,457,366.1 | 2,257,615,295,339.6 | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 25.5 | 17.0 | 10.9 | 15.0 | 12.1 | 12.5 | 12.7 | 15.0 | 12.1 | 11.6 | 13.0 | .. | |
| Net migration | 269,681.0 | -1,196,225.0 | -4,751,620.0 | -4,010,787.0 | -3,985,519.0 | -4,219,036.0 | -3,885,755.0 | -1,835,442.0 | -2,226,969.0 | -4,342,646.0 | -4,030,263.0 | -3,650,851.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 16,115,794,566.4 | 38,705,026,754.0 | 250,529,587,145.2 | 243,095,750,405.3 | 265,426,174,237.5 | 287,748,763,641.5 | 303,485,227,823.7 | 306,229,865,325.0 | 335,374,610,106.9 | 380,673,571,485.4 | 384,952,664,367.5 | 440,230,020,268.4 | |
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