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Population, total | 395,535,053.0 | 466,891,427.0 | 550,428,711.0 | 555,893,183.0 | 561,307,280.0 | 566,870,356.0 | 572,668,977.0 | 578,311,232.0 | 583,125,825.0 | 586,944,219.0 | 590,730,587.0 | 594,995,068.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 18,286,490.0 | 18,259,300.0 | 18,259,286.0 | 18,259,286.0 | 18,259,286.0 | 18,259,286.0 | 18,259,287.0 | 18,357,456.5 | 18,356,325.5 | 18,356,325.5 | 18,350,973.3 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 22.0 | 26.0 | 30.7 | 31.0 | 31.3 | 31.6 | 31.9 | 32.2 | 32.5 | 32.7 | 32.9 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 883,286,554,073.9 | 1,916,478,312,602.2 | 5,381,410,370,075.6 | 4,967,417,576,908.0 | 4,592,334,776,035.4 | 4,565,414,753,701.9 | 4,776,732,018,907.6 | 4,864,590,555,840.6 | 4,287,000,443,889.5 | 4,570,563,642,584.1 | 4,950,967,093,498.1 | 5,423,976,522,562.6 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,233.1 | 4,104.8 | 9,776.8 | 8,935.9 | 8,181.5 | 8,053.7 | 8,341.2 | 8,411.7 | 7,351.8 | 7,787.0 | 8,381.1 | 9,116.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 2,369,823,171,507.6 | 3,902,127,869,622.7 | 8,050,357,384,029.9 | 8,015,363,369,350.3 | 8,202,216,370,595.4 | 8,617,702,730,720.6 | 9,029,606,889,862.9 | 9,326,719,854,363.8 | 9,078,221,690,301.1 | 10,174,876,014,180.3 | 11,458,608,032,711.8 | 12,093,068,382,432.0 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 5,991.4 | 8,357.7 | 14,625.6 | 14,418.9 | 14,612.7 | 15,202.2 | 15,767.6 | 16,127.5 | 15,568.2 | 17,335.3 | 19,397.4 | 20,324.7 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 67.4 | 70.9 | 74.4 | 74.5 | 74.5 | 74.6 | 74.8 | 75.0 | 72.8 | 71.9 | 73.6 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.3 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 89.6 | 83.2 | 69.6 | 67.0 | 64.0 | 62.3 | 60.5 | 58.1 | 55.1 | 53.6 | 51.9 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 76.1 | 85.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 94.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 57.5 | 34.4 | 19.2 | 18.7 | 18.6 | 17.8 | 17.3 | 17.0 | 16.5 | 16.1 | 15.7 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 76.1 | 94.0 | 92.9 | 93.1 | 92.9 | 85.4 | 92.1 | 85.4 | 83.4 | 82.9 | 81.9 | 82.8 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 84.4 | 91.1 | 98.2 | 96.7 | 96.4 | 95.7 | 94.7 | 94.4 | 94.8 | 95.4 | 95.1 | 95.2 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 118.0 | 120.2 | 110.1 | 109.0 | 108.4 | 108.0 | 107.4 | 107.1 | 106.2 | 105.1 | 104.9 | 104.6 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 57.1 | 72.1 | 94.9 | 95.2 | 96.4 | 97.0 | 97.9 | 97.8 | 97.1 | 97.2 | 96.8 | 97.0 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 9,775,292.7 | 9,248,471.2 | 8,583,478.0 | 8,554,311.5 | 8,524,705.0 | 8,490,011.6 | 8,466,493.6 | 8,440,882.7 | 8,416,226.6 | 8,390,934.0 | 8,366,065.7 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 15.7 | 21.2 | 21.2 | 21.5 | 21.9 | 21.9 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.8 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 999.4 | 1,073.4 | 1,312.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 1,109.3 | 1,509.7 | 2,067.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 1,037,523,427,942.5 | 2,001,500,299,076.3 | 5,457,302,168,714.1 | 4,634,562,623,756.2 | 4,496,975,105,252.5 | 5,012,882,938,385.4 | 4,870,399,736,155.2 | 4,803,447,002,170.2 | 4,047,055,896,231.8 | 4,693,445,308,215.3 | 5,393,055,179,435.2 | 6,057,469,575,864.8 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -0.5 | 3.6 | 1.3 | 0.3 | -0.5 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 0.6 | -6.5 | 6.9 | 3.8 | 2.1 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 25.0 | 6.8 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 2.3 | 3.3 | 2.9 | 4.6 | 7.3 | 5.4 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 8.6 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 5.8 | 5.8 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 31.0 | 28.3 | 25.5 | 24.6 | 23.8 | 23.9 | 24.7 | 24.6 | 24.5 | 26.4 | 27.1 | 26.4 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 13.7 | 17.5 | 19.1 | 20.2 | 20.5 | 20.4 | 22.8 | 23.1 | 23.6 | 26.0 | 26.9 | 24.1 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 13.1 | 19.5 | 21.3 | 22.4 | 21.9 | 21.6 | 24.3 | 24.0 | 23.6 | 27.4 | 28.9 | 24.6 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 20.1 | 19.8 | 20.9 | 19.9 | 18.8 | 18.5 | 18.7 | 18.3 | 17.5 | 20.2 | 19.9 | 19.3 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 23.3 | 24.3 | 24.5 | 23.4 | 23.4 | 24.0 | 22.1 | 23.0 | 24.5 | 23.2 | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 33.4 | 32.6 | 31.8 | 31.5 | 26.8 | 26.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 12.8 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.1 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.0 | 13.7 | 13.9 | 14.2 | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.7 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 11.2 | 115.4 | 111.6 | 110.2 | 107.0 | 105.4 | 102.9 | 102.7 | 108.7 | 109.6 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 14.2 | 14.8 | 16.0 | 15.5 | 15.0 | 14.7 | 14.9 | 13.0 | 13.6 | 12.8 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 20.5 | 31.7 | 34.3 | 36.0 | 35.1 | 35.0 | 39.6 | 39.5 | 41.0 | 47.7 | 49.6 | 42.5 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 378,295,738,759.0 | 697,750,103,180.9 | 1,601,161,327,486.9 | 1,632,953,916,117.6 | 1,667,684,687,332.0 | 1,763,544,246,967.0 | 1,882,024,004,836.4 | 1,926,794,016,461.5 | 1,926,594,030,205.3 | 1,973,235,112,378.9 | 1,994,289,389,318.9 | 2,053,735,781,678.9 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 24.9 | 43.9 | 16.3 | 22.2 | 28.9 | 25.1 | 22.7 | 28.4 | 29.8 | 26.1 | 18.6 | 26.6 | |
Net migration | -628,678.0 | -935,354.0 | -751,215.0 | -744,172.0 | -394,590.0 | -31,625.0 | 260,682.0 | -36,692.0 | -95,731.0 | -273,258.0 | -318,801.0 | -340,427.0 | |
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