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Population, total | 4,391,236.0 | 4,898,361.5 | 5,905,847.5 | 6,040,035.5 | 6,175,337.5 | 6,306,695.5 | 6,444,078.5 | 6,590,211.0 | 6,726,595.5 | 6,851,224.0 | 6,975,219.5 | 7,099,750.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 1.9 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 199,950.0 | 199,950.0 | 199,949.0 | 199,949.0 | 199,950.0 | 199,950.0 | 199,950.0 | 199,949.0 | 199,950.0 | 199,950.0 | 199,950.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | .. | 25.5 | 30.8 | 31.5 | 32.2 | 32.9 | 33.6 | 34.4 | 35.1 | 35.7 | 36.4 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | 30.6 | 32.1 | 25.4 | 25.6 | 22.4 | 20.1 | 25.3 | 33.3 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 38.2 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 0.3 | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | 1,375,311,507.7 | 7,278,478,647.1 | 7,025,885,604.6 | 6,741,191,536.9 | 6,901,491,002.2 | 7,731,832,023.8 | 8,190,680,323.6 | 8,171,518,183.8 | 8,697,081,088.5 | 10,727,385,192.9 | 12,517,407,824.4 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | 280.0 | 1,230.0 | 1,160.0 | 1,090.0 | 1,090.0 | 1,200.0 | 1,240.0 | 1,210.0 | 1,270.0 | 1,540.0 | 1,760.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | .. | 8,574,093,443.3 | 23,938,543,159.6 | 24,107,226,487.1 | 26,936,738,702.4 | 29,734,454,047.9 | 29,855,076,653.0 | 32,049,071,926.4 | 33,754,069,424.9 | 36,657,778,444.9 | 44,857,189,454.0 | 49,754,111,476.3 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | .. | 1,750.0 | 4,050.0 | 3,990.0 | 4,360.0 | 4,710.0 | 4,630.0 | 4,860.0 | 5,020.0 | 5,350.0 | 6,430.0 | 7,010.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 8.6 | 10.0 | 9.5 | 10.0 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 10.0 | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 68.3 | 68.6 | 70.4 | 70.7 | 71.0 | 71.2 | 71.4 | 71.6 | 71.8 | 71.9 | 72.0 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.6 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 2.8 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 47.7 | 35.0 | 45.7 | 42.8 | 39.7 | 36.0 | 37.5 | 37.3 | 32.5 | 29.6 | 28.9 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | 41.9 | .. | .. | .. | 39.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 98.9 | 98.6 | 98.4 | .. | .. | .. | 99.8 | .. | 100.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 64.1 | 49.2 | 23.5 | 22.2 | 21.0 | 19.9 | 19.0 | 18.3 | 17.8 | 17.5 | 17.3 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | 2.8 | .. | .. | .. | 1.8 | .. | .. | 1.0 | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | .. | 98.0 | 96.0 | 99.0 | 97.0 | 95.0 | 96.0 | 96.0 | 92.0 | 93.0 | 94.0 | 96.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 89.4 | 99.5 | 104.0 | 99.5 | 97.4 | 98.9 | 102.3 | 100.9 | 96.3 | 94.4 | 93.0 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 110.9 | 92.2 | 101.6 | 101.0 | 100.4 | 101.2 | 100.8 | 99.4 | 97.1 | 95.4 | 94.2 | 96.2 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 103.4 | 81.4 | 89.8 | 90.1 | 92.5 | 92.0 | 92.4 | 92.7 | 93.4 | 94.8 | 94.9 | 93.5 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | .. | 11,809.0 | 12,473.8 | 12,518.1 | 12,562.4 | 12,606.6 | 12,789.0 | 12,971.4 | 13,153.8 | 13,336.2 | 13,518.6 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 6.5 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.7 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 20.6 | 15.8 | 15.8 | 15.8 | 15.8 | 15.8 | 15.8 | 15.8 | 15.8 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 1.2 | 1.2 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.7 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 1,704.8 | 473.4 | 642.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 2,330.6 | 1,696.1 | 1,918.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 2,660,202,622.9 | 1,369,688,498.1 | 7,468,102,412.7 | 6,678,177,511.7 | 6,813,095,379.1 | 7,702,938,379.4 | 8,271,106,235.4 | 9,371,275,264.4 | 8,270,468,614.2 | 9,249,133,946.3 | 12,134,931,017.9 | 13,987,627,908.8 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 5.7 | 5.4 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 3.8 | 4.6 | -7.1 | 5.5 | 9.0 | 6.2 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 8.0 | 27.2 | 8.4 | 3.4 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 3.4 | 9.8 | 5.3 | 16.0 | 19.7 | 13.4 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 32.7 | 34.2 | 14.7 | 14.1 | 12.8 | 12.5 | 11.7 | 10.4 | 12.2 | 12.4 | 11.0 | 9.7 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 34.1 | 29.2 | 23.9 | 25.1 | 26.5 | 27.3 | 27.5 | 26.6 | 26.9 | 23.7 | 24.2 | 22.6 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 29.2 | 41.8 | 37.4 | 35.2 | 35.8 | 34.3 | 31.6 | 33.5 | 29.6 | 35.8 | 46.3 | 39.2 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 49.5 | 47.6 | 87.7 | 75.8 | 70.0 | 66.4 | 67.3 | 61.0 | 49.4 | 64.5 | 87.4 | 101.0 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 24.1 | 20.0 | 36.8 | 34.7 | 33.9 | 32.9 | 36.0 | 34.4 | 25.0 | 26.5 | 35.6 | 30.4 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 29.4 | 30.1 | 28.1 | 28.0 | 28.0 | 25.8 | 24.6 | 27.3 | 29.9 | 33.3 | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 17.5 | 16.8 | 16.9 | 17.0 | 18.0 | 16.0 | 14.0 | 16.5 | 19.5 | 21.3 | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | .. | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 3.6 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.2 | 130.1 | 128.1 | 126.5 | 138.3 | 140.4 | 136.4 | 132.5 | 130.4 | .. | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 2.0 | 12.2 | 19.6 | 17.6 | 8.1 | 6.7 | 8.7 | 16.3 | 10.6 | 18.6 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | .. | 78.0 | 102.2 | 82.5 | 81.8 | 81.3 | 86.2 | 74.4 | 68.8 | 90.1 | 99.4 | 112.0 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 83.4 | 96.1 | 100.0 | 107.9 | 109.8 | 106.9 | 112.0 | 131.2 | 124.6 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | 1,937,816,109.8 | 7,285,152,487.5 | 7,720,114,040.8 | 7,973,634,965.0 | 8,129,210,633.4 | 8,163,747,921.3 | 8,454,325,248.7 | 8,675,596,842.8 | 9,060,599,704.3 | 9,745,837,593.4 | 10,115,052,289.8 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | 30.2 | 12.6 | 18.0 | 30.2 | 24.9 | 24.4 | 26.8 | 26.3 | 17.9 | 16.7 | 27.3 | |
Net migration | -27,912.0 | -23,265.0 | -9,443.0 | -5,071.0 | 1,187.0 | 7,553.0 | 3,494.0 | 47,303.0 | 54,704.0 | 46,208.0 | 12,596.0 | 5,601.0 | |
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