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Population, total | 288,176,590.0 | 376,430,953.0 | 531,341,156.0 | 541,987,714.0 | 552,474,265.0 | 563,290,702.0 | 574,487,740.0 | 585,824,310.0 | 597,524,859.0 | 609,556,583.0 | 621,500,917.0 | 633,230,238.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 3.0 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 4,662,100.0 | 4,658,803.0 | 4,658,803.0 | 4,663,624.0 | 4,663,624.0 | 4,663,624.0 | 4,663,624.0 | 4,663,624.0 | 4,663,624.0 | 4,663,624.0 | 4,663,624.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 69.5 | 82.2 | 116.0 | 118.2 | 120.5 | 122.9 | 125.3 | 127.8 | 130.3 | 132.9 | 135.5 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | .. | 1,057,453,068,378.1 | 1,066,003,084,186.5 | 1,031,886,532,782.5 | 997,953,435,166.8 | 1,042,792,777,432.1 | 1,079,423,172,884.2 | 1,053,734,285,335.3 | 1,118,402,424,102.4 | 1,189,705,243,552.6 | 1,155,418,092,430.7 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | .. | 1,990.2 | 1,966.8 | 1,867.8 | 1,771.6 | 1,815.2 | 1,842.6 | 1,763.5 | 1,834.8 | 1,914.2 | 1,824.6 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | .. | .. | 2,406,193,913,357.6 | 2,504,966,191,928.2 | 2,591,748,628,927.2 | 2,780,330,203,147.1 | 2,865,795,052,434.2 | 3,039,650,095,369.2 | 3,111,780,328,237.6 | 3,345,340,353,754.2 | 3,727,220,874,048.2 | 3,940,392,378,623.2 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | .. | .. | 4,528.5 | 4,621.8 | 4,691.2 | 4,935.9 | 4,988.4 | 5,188.7 | 5,207.8 | 5,488.2 | 5,997.1 | 6,222.7 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 55.4 | 55.7 | 60.1 | 60.3 | 60.5 | 60.8 | 61.1 | 61.3 | 61.0 | 60.7 | 61.3 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.1 | 5.3 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 117.9 | 100.1 | 82.9 | 79.0 | 75.2 | 72.5 | 70.9 | 68.9 | 66.9 | 66.7 | 65.8 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 12.6 | 28.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 31.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 29.7 | 38.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 62.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 153.0 | 133.8 | 93.3 | 91.5 | 89.7 | 87.9 | 85.7 | 83.5 | 81.2 | 79.0 | 76.7 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 56.3 | 52.2 | 64.1 | 64.5 | 66.7 | 68.3 | 70.3 | 71.9 | 73.5 | 73.0 | 73.6 | 74.8 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 70.3 | 70.0 | 70.3 | 70.9 | 71.0 | 72.4 | 73.0 | 73.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 77.4 | 84.0 | 87.5 | 85.5 | 87.0 | 86.8 | 88.1 | 89.2 | 89.8 | 89.6 | 89.6 | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 31.0 | 30.1 | 44.3 | 45.6 | 44.6 | 44.5 | 45.4 | 46.8 | 47.0 | 47.1 | 47.2 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 1,548,865.7 | 1,541,472.5 | 1,493,863.9 | 1,490,525.1 | 1,487,270.0 | 1,484,418.1 | 1,481,250.7 | 1,477,790.5 | 1,474,330.4 | 1,470,870.2 | 1,467,410.1 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 16.0 | 16.4 | 16.6 | 16.9 | 16.3 | 15.2 | 15.8 | 19.8 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.7 | 3.7 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 644.1 | 633.7 | 546.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 362.8 | 334.1 | 364.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 148,219,580,589.0 | 227,751,012,596.5 | 1,115,645,612,713.8 | 1,058,990,581,097.3 | 987,290,516,597.5 | 1,012,161,782,023.1 | 1,066,719,614,874.0 | 1,092,770,923,537.3 | 1,024,076,691,137.0 | 1,114,246,944,908.4 | 1,208,339,576,445.8 | 1,068,437,562,493.4 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 6.4 | 3.8 | 5.6 | 3.7 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 3.8 | 2.8 | -1.5 | 5.2 | 4.3 | 2.5 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 4.1 | 4.5 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 0.5 | 7.2 | 8.5 | 4.1 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 22.7 | 23.3 | 20.5 | 21.2 | 21.2 | 20.2 | 20.2 | 20.4 | 22.0 | 21.6 | 21.4 | 21.0 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 29.1 | 24.2 | 23.9 | 21.0 | 19.5 | 21.8 | 23.5 | 24.8 | 24.6 | 26.0 | 26.9 | 26.5 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 33.2 | 32.8 | 29.5 | 27.6 | 25.1 | 23.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.0 | 2.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.5 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.3 | 71.7 | 70.3 | 72.2 | 71.9 | 77.5 | 83.2 | 88.0 | 88.0 | 92.2 | 91.0 | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 2.2 | 2.5 | 3.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.3 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 38.0 | 35.0 | 31.9 | 25.3 | 23.9 | 25.4 | 28.4 | 28.4 | 24.0 | 29.6 | 31.4 | 32.1 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Net migration | 301,798.0 | 224,978.0 | -2,251,399.0 | -2,538,567.0 | -2,402,619.0 | -1,754,084.0 | -1,648,263.0 | -1,469,061.0 | -703,973.0 | -800,771.0 | -1,513,871.0 | -1,817,710.0 | |
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