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Population, total | 5,053,234.0 | 6,656,725.0 | 9,127,846.0 | 9,294,505.0 | 9,460,798.0 | 9,626,842.0 | 9,792,850.0 | 9,958,829.0 | 10,121,763.0 | 10,278,345.0 | 10,432,860.0 | 10,593,798.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.8 | 2.7 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 112,490.0 | 112,490.0 | 112,490.0 | 112,490.0 | 112,490.0 | 112,490.0 | 112,490.0 | 112,490.0 | 112,490.0 | 112,490.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 45.2 | 59.5 | 81.6 | 83.1 | 84.6 | 86.0 | 87.5 | 89.0 | 90.5 | 91.9 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | 62.8 | 63.8 | 60.9 | 64.3 | 61.9 | 59.3 | .. | 73.6 | .. | 64.1 | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | 42.0 | .. | 13.3 | 13.0 | 14.6 | 13.9 | 14.2 | 12.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 5,482,223,145.1 | 6,707,315,557.9 | 17,960,594,719.8 | 18,753,419,055.6 | 19,698,747,620.6 | 21,168,930,160.1 | 22,310,395,825.2 | 23,158,185,925.6 | 21,472,692,890.4 | 25,122,076,929.6 | 28,258,089,384.9 | 30,718,597,488.7 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,080.0 | 1,010.0 | 1,970.0 | 2,020.0 | 2,080.0 | 2,200.0 | 2,280.0 | 2,330.0 | 2,120.0 | 2,440.0 | 2,710.0 | 2,900.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 9,581,998,562.9 | 16,492,014,756.0 | 37,173,568,050.6 | 41,708,776,073.2 | 45,399,704,059.0 | 50,592,235,980.2 | 50,680,961,366.3 | 52,929,667,612.0 | 50,624,228,154.9 | 58,446,482,549.1 | 65,573,106,008.1 | 70,775,732,896.6 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,900.0 | 2,480.0 | 4,070.0 | 4,490.0 | 4,800.0 | 5,260.0 | 5,180.0 | 5,310.0 | 5,000.0 | 5,690.0 | 6,290.0 | 6,680.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | 2.9 | .. | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 65.2 | 68.7 | 72.3 | 72.5 | 72.6 | 72.7 | 72.8 | 72.9 | 71.5 | 70.1 | 70.7 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 5.3 | 4.2 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 127.4 | 123.6 | 79.6 | 78.0 | 76.9 | 75.3 | 74.7 | 73.8 | 72.9 | 72.0 | 71.3 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 69.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | .. | 72.0 | 79.0 | 74.0 | .. | 94.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 58.2 | 37.3 | 21.2 | 20.5 | 19.7 | 19.0 | 18.4 | 17.7 | 17.1 | 16.6 | 16.0 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 90.0 | 98.0 | 97.0 | 98.0 | 98.0 | 98.0 | 91.0 | 89.0 | 82.0 | 81.0 | 77.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | .. | 75.0 | .. | 78.1 | 79.1 | .. | 76.8 | 77.2 | 72.7 | 69.9 | 75.8 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 101.7 | 102.8 | 89.2 | 89.9 | 89.6 | 88.4 | 88.7 | 87.8 | 86.3 | 84.0 | 85.9 | 86.6 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | .. | 49.2 | 50.0 | 50.7 | 50.7 | .. | 64.1 | 56.8 | 54.6 | 54.2 | 55.1 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.4 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 69,877.8 | 67,782.7 | 64,861.6 | 64,638.3 | 64,430.5 | 64,221.1 | 64,011.6 | 63,802.1 | 63,592.6 | 63,383.1 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 12.4 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.6 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 470.9 | 449.3 | 586.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 360.8 | 482.4 | 608.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 4,923,009,551.6 | 7,186,638,029.1 | 19,756,533,971.9 | 20,979,791,685.4 | 21,717,604,952.2 | 23,136,247,990.6 | 24,067,750,760.5 | 24,882,225,741.8 | 23,352,232,483.8 | 28,144,331,506.6 | 31,426,041,806.8 | 34,400,509,852.0 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 2.8 | 7.3 | 3.1 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.8 | 3.8 | 2.6 | -9.0 | 12.6 | 4.1 | 3.6 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 25.0 | 8.0 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 1.9 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 4.6 | 9.3 | 6.2 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 24.2 | 14.4 | 12.5 | 12.2 | 12.0 | 12.7 | 11.6 | 10.6 | 12.2 | 10.9 | 12.5 | 12.0 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 31.3 | 29.4 | 24.5 | 25.6 | 25.8 | 26.5 | 26.6 | 26.7 | 25.4 | 25.8 | 25.9 | 26.0 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 31.7 | 54.0 | 47.6 | 45.2 | 42.7 | 43.1 | 41.5 | 40.2 | 35.9 | 39.4 | 42.4 | 37.0 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 39.3 | 66.4 | 65.4 | 62.1 | 57.1 | 58.7 | 62.1 | 59.2 | 52.1 | 64.0 | 70.3 | 60.9 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 21.1 | 28.3 | 22.2 | 25.1 | 23.4 | 24.8 | 26.6 | 23.0 | 19.7 | 24.2 | 26.3 | 23.1 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 21.4 | 21.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 43.0 | 41.0 | 42.0 | 42.0 | 42.0 | 42.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 57.6 | 55.8 | 62.1 | 60.2 | 64.7 | 66.5 | 76.7 | 75.6 | 77.0 | 83.5 | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 16.5 | 17.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.2 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 2.3 | 84.6 | 86.6 | 82.8 | 85.5 | 77.5 | 75.9 | 68.8 | 73.6 | 76.1 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 2.6 | 1.3 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 4.1 | 1.4 | .. | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 38.0 | 102.0 | 97.0 | 92.5 | 85.3 | 86.7 | 87.7 | 84.1 | 76.8 | 89.9 | 97.4 | 84.0 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 89.6 | 114.8 | 94.8 | 100.0 | 100.3 | 100.6 | 94.4 | 92.5 | 96.3 | 94.3 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 3,816,730,011.6 | 5,616,776,612.6 | 7,369,414,615.7 | 7,626,993,493.8 | 7,614,296,900.4 | 8,741,578,894.1 | 9,167,106,738.1 | 9,744,777,219.5 | 11,065,113,770.3 | 12,494,060,702.8 | 12,608,788,822.6 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 38.3 | 14.8 | 10.4 | 18.4 | 13.6 | 12.8 | 13.9 | 12.0 | 23.8 | 14.9 | 15.5 | .. | |
Net migration | -15,350.0 | -10,762.0 | -6,302.0 | -6,512.0 | -6,685.0 | -6,782.0 | -6,768.0 | -6,550.0 | -6,199.0 | -5,779.0 | -5,374.0 | -5,034.0 | |
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