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Population, total | 2,041,043,553.0 | 2,499,206,970.0 | 3,121,656,203.0 | 3,165,214,886.0 | 3,208,369,547.0 | 3,250,752,755.0 | 3,292,896,609.0 | 3,334,561,751.0 | 3,374,383,528.0 | 3,411,268,373.0 | 3,447,398,652.0 | 3,486,290,439.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.5 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 34,260,340.0 | 34,105,350.0 | 34,134,105.1 | 34,141,588.1 | 34,141,587.7 | 34,145,176.3 | 34,144,806.7 | 34,243,012.1 | 34,243,010.6 | 34,243,019.6 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 63.4 | 75.3 | 93.7 | 95.0 | 96.3 | 97.6 | 98.9 | 100.1 | 101.3 | 102.4 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,753,886,504,539.7 | 3,145,481,254,308.4 | 10,765,871,697,559.2 | 10,532,308,725,183.3 | 10,553,205,806,005.6 | 10,869,733,868,384.7 | 11,563,987,732,920.1 | 11,916,597,166,434.7 | 11,136,303,328,632.2 | 12,406,438,364,453.7 | 13,761,133,507,156.3 | 14,669,246,115,530.3 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 859.3 | 1,258.6 | 3,448.8 | 3,327.5 | 3,289.3 | 3,343.8 | 3,511.8 | 3,573.7 | 3,300.2 | 3,636.9 | 3,991.7 | 4,207.7 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 5,956,114,162,791.7 | 10,258,612,591,875.0 | 25,436,914,102,428.1 | 26,137,408,933,430.4 | 27,476,139,449,542.7 | 29,195,429,971,422.6 | 31,226,730,710,498.2 | 32,650,273,809,340.7 | 32,222,849,395,337.4 | 36,217,426,596,932.3 | 41,345,554,532,718.9 | 45,128,986,445,151.9 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 2,918.2 | 4,104.7 | 8,148.5 | 8,257.7 | 8,563.9 | 8,981.1 | 9,483.1 | 9,791.5 | 9,549.3 | 10,617.0 | 11,993.3 | 12,944.7 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 60.8 | 64.5 | 69.5 | 69.9 | 70.2 | 70.5 | 70.8 | 71.0 | 70.0 | 68.5 | 69.3 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.2 | 3.4 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 105.0 | 84.9 | 48.7 | 42.4 | 40.3 | 39.5 | 38.4 | 37.2 | 36.4 | 35.9 | 34.9 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 42.7 | 47.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 60.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 47.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 84.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 109.9 | 79.3 | 42.5 | 40.6 | 38.9 | 37.3 | 35.9 | 34.5 | 33.2 | 32.0 | 30.8 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 62.6 | 67.8 | 84.2 | 85.6 | 86.3 | 86.4 | 87.8 | 87.8 | 84.9 | 83.1 | 86.6 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 70.8 | 74.8 | 92.2 | 92.4 | 93.1 | 92.0 | 91.8 | 91.8 | 92.8 | 93.3 | 99.3 | 91.2 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 93.6 | 95.1 | 105.8 | 106.0 | 108.4 | 107.2 | 101.4 | 101.2 | 102.0 | 101.6 | 104.2 | 104.5 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 42.4 | 50.5 | 72.3 | 72.9 | 73.9 | 73.5 | 74.5 | 74.8 | 75.8 | 77.0 | 77.4 | 76.5 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 8,401,025.7 | 8,070,690.2 | 7,732,699.3 | 7,702,172.5 | 7,686,805.0 | 7,655,531.5 | 7,632,988.4 | 7,610,957.1 | 7,589,317.5 | 7,567,416.8 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 9.6 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.9 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 15.1 | 15.3 | 15.4 | 15.7 | 15.7 | 15.5 | 15.6 | 16.1 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.8 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.1 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 613.7 | 698.4 | 887.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 531.0 | 723.4 | 1,136.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 1,840,493,287,531.6 | 3,377,700,768,682.0 | 10,766,609,704,140.0 | 10,237,020,101,449.3 | 10,537,028,724,316.6 | 11,393,447,781,978.4 | 11,524,427,704,062.7 | 11,767,656,585,558.1 | 10,981,013,167,791.7 | 12,771,307,369,960.5 | 14,131,148,776,107.2 | 14,847,823,837,515.2 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 5.5 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 3.8 | 2.4 | -4.4 | 7.6 | 5.6 | 4.0 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 12.2 | 7.2 | 4.0 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 4.2 | 3.9 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 4.8 | 8.1 | 4.5 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 15.2 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 10.5 | 10.8 | 10.7 | 10.3 | 10.7 | 11.8 | 11.3 | 10.8 | 10.6 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 32.0 | 32.4 | 32.8 | 31.9 | 31.4 | 31.9 | 32.9 | 31.8 | 31.0 | 32.6 | 34.2 | 32.9 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 20.0 | 24.6 | 26.3 | 23.5 | 22.6 | 23.6 | 25.8 | 24.8 | 22.4 | 25.8 | 28.6 | 26.3 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 19.6 | 23.2 | 28.6 | 26.6 | 25.1 | 26.0 | 27.8 | 26.3 | 23.8 | 26.9 | 29.7 | 27.5 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 22.5 | 22.0 | 27.6 | 27.4 | 26.9 | 27.4 | 27.6 | 26.6 | 25.7 | 27.0 | 27.8 | 27.9 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 17.9 | 16.9 | 16.5 | 16.8 | 17.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 35.1 | 35.5 | 35.0 | 34.0 | 32.2 | 30.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 11.8 | 12.3 | 12.4 | 12.2 | 12.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.1 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 3.2 | 85.2 | 88.0 | 94.0 | 96.4 | 95.6 | 96.0 | 95.7 | 97.8 | 96.4 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 8.1 | 8.6 | 8.8 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 11.1 | 12.8 | 11.1 | 13.8 | 15.8 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 31.5 | 40.1 | 45.1 | 41.2 | 38.2 | 39.9 | 43.6 | 41.2 | 37.7 | 43.8 | 48.0 | 42.9 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Net migration | 1,283,931.0 | -1,113,011.0 | -2,698,481.0 | -2,549,801.0 | -3,227,808.0 | -3,441,642.0 | -3,454,072.0 | -3,253,155.0 | -2,212,227.0 | -1,622,432.0 | -1,002,880.0 | -988,952.0 | |
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