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Population, total | 25,518,074.0 | 30,774,621.0 | 38,760,168.0 | 39,543,154.0 | 40,339,329.0 | 41,136,546.0 | 41,927,007.0 | 42,705,368.0 | 43,451,666.0 | 44,177,969.0 | 44,903,225.0 | 45,606,480.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.5 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 2,381,740.0 | 2,381,740.0 | 2,381,740.0 | 2,381,741.0 | 2,381,741.0 | 2,381,741.0 | 2,381,741.0 | 2,381,741.0 | 2,381,741.0 | 2,381,741.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 10.7 | 12.9 | 16.3 | 16.6 | 16.9 | 17.3 | 17.6 | 17.9 | 18.2 | 18.5 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 60,956,936,668.2 | 49,486,762,889.1 | 236,326,684,865.9 | 215,806,846,087.1 | 201,027,370,827.3 | 185,015,661,645.9 | 189,280,929,890.7 | 194,060,473,548.9 | 177,026,869,489.3 | 184,244,166,679.0 | 201,445,397,620.0 | 226,263,357,365.1 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,390.0 | 1,610.0 | 6,100.0 | 5,460.0 | 4,980.0 | 4,500.0 | 4,510.0 | 4,540.0 | 4,070.0 | 4,170.0 | 4,490.0 | 4,960.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 186,414,636,320.8 | 270,969,277,255.2 | 565,280,032,550.0 | 541,233,810,012.0 | 545,393,972,006.1 | 556,023,170,169.9 | 570,984,006,976.8 | 589,311,312,706.7 | 549,034,369,411.2 | 636,322,358,369.8 | 702,937,933,908.7 | 765,521,472,667.6 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 7,310.0 | 8,800.0 | 14,580.0 | 13,690.0 | 13,520.0 | 13,520.0 | 13,620.0 | 13,800.0 | 12,640.0 | 14,400.0 | 15,650.0 | 16,790.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 67.4 | 70.5 | 75.1 | 75.6 | 75.7 | 75.7 | 76.1 | 76.5 | 74.5 | 76.4 | 77.1 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.6 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 24.3 | 9.3 | 12.8 | 11.9 | 12.7 | 12.9 | 12.7 | 12.3 | 12.1 | 11.7 | 11.6 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 64.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 53.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 92.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 98.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 51.0 | 41.7 | 25.7 | 25.3 | 24.9 | 24.5 | 24.0 | 23.5 | 22.9 | 22.3 | 21.8 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 5.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 2.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 83.0 | 80.0 | 95.0 | 95.0 | 94.0 | 88.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 79.0 | 79.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 81.4 | 82.4 | 101.0 | 98.1 | 100.5 | 102.3 | 102.7 | 99.7 | 102.2 | 99.8 | 94.7 | 99.7 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 93.8 | 109.8 | 111.7 | 110.8 | 110.7 | 109.8 | 108.7 | 107.8 | 110.3 | 107.0 | 108.3 | 108.8 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 60.5 | 64.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 105.9 | 102.7 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 16,670.0 | 15,790.0 | 19,484.0 | 19,560.0 | 19,560.0 | 19,430.0 | 19,300.0 | 19,390.0 | 19,490.0 | 19,583.3 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 39.4 | 50.1 | 76.2 | 79.6 | 82.1 | 87.2 | 87.2 | 87.2 | 87.2 | 87.2 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.0 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 869.4 | 877.2 | 1,333.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 536.6 | 689.2 | 1,368.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 62,048,507,531.3 | 54,790,398,570.3 | 238,942,664,192.6 | 187,493,855,609.3 | 180,763,839,522.2 | 189,880,896,903.1 | 194,554,483,655.5 | 193,459,662,090.7 | 164,873,415,325.2 | 186,265,418,570.7 | 225,560,256,621.8 | 239,899,491,127.7 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 0.8 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 0.9 | -5.0 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 4.1 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 30.3 | 22.7 | 1.5 | -5.0 | 0.9 | 4.9 | 6.2 | 0.9 | -4.7 | 16.0 | 22.9 | -2.3 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | .. | 8.4 | 9.4 | 10.5 | 11.1 | 11.0 | 11.2 | 11.5 | 12.8 | 11.2 | 10.6 | 13.2 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | 53.3 | 38.6 | 32.8 | 32.2 | 33.5 | 35.3 | 33.6 | 30.0 | 36.3 | 43.1 | 38.0 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 23.4 | 42.1 | 27.6 | 20.5 | 18.5 | 20.3 | 23.4 | 20.4 | 15.5 | 23.9 | 31.4 | 25.2 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 24.9 | 20.8 | 29.3 | 32.7 | 31.3 | 29.5 | 29.0 | 26.1 | 24.9 | 23.4 | 20.4 | 21.0 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 28.6 | 23.6 | 46.9 | 51.8 | 51.6 | 48.3 | 46.5 | 44.6 | 42.9 | 39.1 | 34.9 | 37.7 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 20.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.5 | 3.4 | 5.5 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 6.7 | 5.6 | 4.8 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.3 | 111.7 | 109.3 | 116.6 | 111.4 | 112.5 | 106.4 | 104.8 | 106.4 | 109.2 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 36.5 | 56.9 | 49.7 | 46.1 | 42.7 | 42.8 | 45.3 | 41.3 | 34.9 | 40.9 | 46.4 | 39.0 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 39.3 | 53.1 | 143.4 | 100.0 | 82.5 | 93.9 | 111.0 | 101.7 | 72.8 | 115.8 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 28,153,911,739.3 | 25,461,612,754.1 | 5,521,188,948.6 | 4,671,396,332.7 | 5,463,001,796.7 | 5,706,818,288.8 | 5,710,491,550.0 | 5,492,379,098.5 | 5,177,878,073.5 | 7,378,779,146.5 | 7,129,257,355.9 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 65.1 | 48.9 | 0.4 | 1.7 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 | .. | |
Net migration | -21,641.0 | -18,994.0 | -36,088.0 | -36,371.0 | -36,227.0 | -36,448.0 | -36,227.0 | -36,386.0 | -18,797.0 | -18,797.0 | -9,999.0 | -9,999.0 | |
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